Investigating gender differences in the early markers of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) in infants and toddlers / Josephine BARBARO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 83 (May 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 83 (May 2021) . - 101745 Titre : Investigating gender differences in the early markers of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) in infants and toddlers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Josephine BARBARO, Auteur ; Nerelie C. FREEMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101745 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Gender differences  Females  Early markers  Screening  Developmental surveillance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Many females with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) are diagnosed later, mis-diagnosed, or missed altogether compared with males, leading to lost opportunities for early supports and services. It is therefore critical that researchers attempt to identify the earliest possible opportunity for females with ASC to be identified and diagnosed. The primary objective of this study was to investigate gender differences in the early signs of ASC in infants and toddlers identified during routine, community-based, developmental surveillance. A secondary aim was to examine gender ratio trends across time. Method A cross-sectional sample of 197 infants and toddlers (44 female, 153 male) at “high likelihood” for ASC were grouped by autism diagnosis and gender to enable social-communication behaviours to be compared at 18 and 24 months of age. Furthermore, gender ratio trends were examined between 12 and 24 months of age. Results No gender differences were found across groups at 18–24-months (small samples prohibited analyses at 12-months). However, the ratio of autistic females to males decreased from 1:15 at 12-months to 1:3.2 by 24-months. Conclusions The results of this study suggest close monitoring of females is required when conducting developmental surveillance for ASC, due to the large gender ratio discrepancy between 12- and 24-months. It is recommended that future studies continue to focus on the early autism phenotype in community-based samples, to assist with modification or development of female specific screening and developmental surveillance tools during infancy and toddlerhood. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101745 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=446 [article] Investigating gender differences in the early markers of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) in infants and toddlers [texte imprimé] / Josephine BARBARO, Auteur ; Nerelie C. FREEMAN, Auteur . - 101745. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 83 (May 2021) . - 101745 Mots-clés : Autism  Gender differences  Females  Early markers  Screening  Developmental surveillance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Many females with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) are diagnosed later, mis-diagnosed, or missed altogether compared with males, leading to lost opportunities for early supports and services. It is therefore critical that researchers attempt to identify the earliest possible opportunity for females with ASC to be identified and diagnosed. The primary objective of this study was to investigate gender differences in the early signs of ASC in infants and toddlers identified during routine, community-based, developmental surveillance. A secondary aim was to examine gender ratio trends across time. Method A cross-sectional sample of 197 infants and toddlers (44 female, 153 male) at “high likelihood” for ASC were grouped by autism diagnosis and gender to enable social-communication behaviours to be compared at 18 and 24 months of age. Furthermore, gender ratio trends were examined between 12 and 24 months of age. Results No gender differences were found across groups at 18–24-months (small samples prohibited analyses at 12-months). However, the ratio of autistic females to males decreased from 1:15 at 12-months to 1:3.2 by 24-months. Conclusions The results of this study suggest close monitoring of females is required when conducting developmental surveillance for ASC, due to the large gender ratio discrepancy between 12- and 24-months. It is recommended that future studies continue to focus on the early autism phenotype in community-based samples, to assist with modification or development of female specific screening and developmental surveillance tools during infancy and toddlerhood. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101745 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=446

Parent experiences of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughter: An interpretative phenomenological analysis / Nerelie C. FREEMAN in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1068-1078 Titre : Parent experiences of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughter: An interpretative phenomenological analysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nerelie C. FREEMAN, Auteur ; Pascale PARADIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1068-1078 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : assessment,autism,diagnosis,females,lived experience,parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The process of getting an autism diagnosis can be a stressful and uncertain time for families. While the experiences of parents seeking an autism diagnosis for their child have been explored in previous research, the experiences of families with a daughter have been underrepresented. It is likely that their experience is markedly different given that females are often misdiagnosed and/or are diagnosed at a later age. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six families, and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used along with member checks to derive themes from the participants' narratives. Three superordinate themes emerged from the analysis: 'Something?s not right' consisted of narratives describing the process of getting their daughter diagnosed and 'So many barriers' captured the factors that delayed assessment and diagnosis. Finally, the third theme 'I wanted to just get this process done and dusted' explored the range of emotions experienced by families during the assessment process. The importance of challenging outdated conceptualisations of autism and providing further training to increase health professionals' confidence when diagnosing autistic females is emphasised, as well as recognising that families may experience a range of emotions during the assessment and diagnostic process, including positive ones.Lay abstractAutistic females are often diagnosed later than males and are also more likely to be misdiagnosed with other conditions. Co-occurring conditions may also be diagnosed at the time of the assessment but their autism diagnosis is missed. The majority of research examining the parent experience of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their child has included predominantly or exclusively male children in their samples. This study examines the experiences of parents in obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughters in Australia through interview data which allowed for an exploration of their lived experiences. Several of the parents reported positive feelings of excitement or curiosity in relation to the assessment process which are emotions that have not been reported in earlier studies. While recent research advances have improved our understanding of gender differences in autistic behaviours, the findings of this study suggest that some practitioners have obsolete knowledge which may lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis in some females. Although the extent that these experiences are representative of parents in the wider community is unknown, the fact that they are still being reported in the present day suggests that a proportion of health professionals continue to practice with outdated conceptualisations of autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221129830 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Parent experiences of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughter: An interpretative phenomenological analysis [texte imprimé] / Nerelie C. FREEMAN, Auteur ; Pascale PARADIS, Auteur . - p.1068-1078. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1068-1078 Mots-clés : assessment,autism,diagnosis,females,lived experience,parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The process of getting an autism diagnosis can be a stressful and uncertain time for families. While the experiences of parents seeking an autism diagnosis for their child have been explored in previous research, the experiences of families with a daughter have been underrepresented. It is likely that their experience is markedly different given that females are often misdiagnosed and/or are diagnosed at a later age. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six families, and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used along with member checks to derive themes from the participants' narratives. Three superordinate themes emerged from the analysis: 'Something?s not right' consisted of narratives describing the process of getting their daughter diagnosed and 'So many barriers' captured the factors that delayed assessment and diagnosis. Finally, the third theme 'I wanted to just get this process done and dusted' explored the range of emotions experienced by families during the assessment process. The importance of challenging outdated conceptualisations of autism and providing further training to increase health professionals' confidence when diagnosing autistic females is emphasised, as well as recognising that families may experience a range of emotions during the assessment and diagnostic process, including positive ones.Lay abstractAutistic females are often diagnosed later than males and are also more likely to be misdiagnosed with other conditions. Co-occurring conditions may also be diagnosed at the time of the assessment but their autism diagnosis is missed. The majority of research examining the parent experience of obtaining an autism diagnosis for their child has included predominantly or exclusively male children in their samples. This study examines the experiences of parents in obtaining an autism diagnosis for their daughters in Australia through interview data which allowed for an exploration of their lived experiences. Several of the parents reported positive feelings of excitement or curiosity in relation to the assessment process which are emotions that have not been reported in earlier studies. While recent research advances have improved our understanding of gender differences in autistic behaviours, the findings of this study suggest that some practitioners have obsolete knowledge which may lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis in some females. Although the extent that these experiences are representative of parents in the wider community is unknown, the fact that they are still being reported in the present day suggests that a proportion of health professionals continue to practice with outdated conceptualisations of autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221129830 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

The Feedback Session of an Autism Assessment: A Scoping Review of Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations / Ellen PATTISON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-4 (April 2022) . - p.1821-1840 Titre : The Feedback Session of an Autism Assessment: A Scoping Review of Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ellen PATTISON, Auteur ; Alexandra URE, Auteur ; Sharon R. MITTIGA, Auteur ; Katrina WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nerelie C. FREEMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1821-1840 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/therapy  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/therapy  Feedback  Humans  Assessment  Autism  Diagnosis disclosure  Guidelines Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This review aimed to assess the quality and content of recommendations for delivering an autism diagnosis, published internationally within clinical practice guidelines. Seventeen relevant guidelines were identified. When methodological information was provided, recommendations for feedback were predominantly formed through consensus. Recommendations consistently included who should attend feedback, the timing and mode of delivery, the clinician's manner, and what should be discussed and/or included in an accompanying report. Specific recommendations were not consistent however, and a number of gaps were identified, such as the inclusion of educators and educational specific recommendations. Although individual variation is necessary for autism diagnosis disclosure, agreement on minimum standards of practice is warranted. Further investigation is required to establish best practice. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05067-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] The Feedback Session of an Autism Assessment: A Scoping Review of Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations [texte imprimé] / Ellen PATTISON, Auteur ; Alexandra URE, Auteur ; Sharon R. MITTIGA, Auteur ; Katrina WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nerelie C. FREEMAN, Auteur . - p.1821-1840. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-4 (April 2022) . - p.1821-1840 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/therapy  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/therapy  Feedback  Humans  Assessment  Autism  Diagnosis disclosure  Guidelines Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This review aimed to assess the quality and content of recommendations for delivering an autism diagnosis, published internationally within clinical practice guidelines. Seventeen relevant guidelines were identified. When methodological information was provided, recommendations for feedback were predominantly formed through consensus. Recommendations consistently included who should attend feedback, the timing and mode of delivery, the clinician's manner, and what should be discussed and/or included in an accompanying report. Specific recommendations were not consistent however, and a number of gaps were identified, such as the inclusion of educators and educational specific recommendations. Although individual variation is necessary for autism diagnosis disclosure, agreement on minimum standards of practice is warranted. Further investigation is required to establish best practice. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05067-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

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