Adults with autism spectrum disorder are sensitive to the kinematic features defining natural human motion / Rosanna EDEY in Autism Research, 12-2 (February 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-2 (February 2019) . - p.284-294 Titre : Adults with autism spectrum disorder are sensitive to the kinematic features defining natural human motion Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rosanna EDEY, Auteur ; Julia COOK, Auteur ; Rebecca BREWER, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; Clare PRESS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.284-294 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  biological motion  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been hypothesized that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (hereafter "autism") have problems perceiving biological motion, which contributes to their social difficulties. However, the ability to perceive the kinematic profile characteristic of biological motion has not been systematically examined in autism. To examine this basic perceptual ability we conducted two experiments comparing adults with autism with matched typical adults. In Experiment 1, participants indicated whether two movements-which differed in the quantity of formula-generated biological motion-were the same or different. In Experiment 2, they judged which of two movements was "less natural," where the stimuli varied in the degree to which they were a product of real movement data produced by autistic and typical models. There were no group differences in perceptual sensitivity in either experiment, with null effects supported by Bayesian analyses. The findings from these two experiments demonstrate that adults with autism are sensitive to the kinematic information defining biological motion to a typical degree-they are both able to detect the perceptual information in a same-different judgment, and as inclined to categorize biological motion derived from real models as natural. These findings therefore provide evidence against the hypothesis that individuals with autism exhibit low-level difficulties in perceiving the kinematics of others' actions, suggesting that atypicalities arise either when integrating this kinematic information with other perceptual input, or in the interpretation of kinematic information. Autism Res 2019, 12: 284-294 (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: It has previously been suggested that autistic children and adults have problems perceiving the detailed manner in which others move-that is, the subtle changes in speed as we move from point to point-which may impact on their ability to learn from, and about, others in a typical fashion. However, the results from the present two studies demonstrate that adults with autism can perceive this information, suggesting that atypicalities in processing others' movement may arise mainly as a consequence of atypical interpretation rather than perception. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2052 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383 [article] Adults with autism spectrum disorder are sensitive to the kinematic features defining natural human motion [texte imprimé] / Rosanna EDEY, Auteur ; Julia COOK, Auteur ; Rebecca BREWER, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; Clare PRESS, Auteur . - p.284-294. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-2 (February 2019) . - p.284-294 Mots-clés : adults  biological motion  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been hypothesized that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (hereafter "autism") have problems perceiving biological motion, which contributes to their social difficulties. However, the ability to perceive the kinematic profile characteristic of biological motion has not been systematically examined in autism. To examine this basic perceptual ability we conducted two experiments comparing adults with autism with matched typical adults. In Experiment 1, participants indicated whether two movements-which differed in the quantity of formula-generated biological motion-were the same or different. In Experiment 2, they judged which of two movements was "less natural," where the stimuli varied in the degree to which they were a product of real movement data produced by autistic and typical models. There were no group differences in perceptual sensitivity in either experiment, with null effects supported by Bayesian analyses. The findings from these two experiments demonstrate that adults with autism are sensitive to the kinematic information defining biological motion to a typical degree-they are both able to detect the perceptual information in a same-different judgment, and as inclined to categorize biological motion derived from real models as natural. These findings therefore provide evidence against the hypothesis that individuals with autism exhibit low-level difficulties in perceiving the kinematics of others' actions, suggesting that atypicalities arise either when integrating this kinematic information with other perceptual input, or in the interpretation of kinematic information. Autism Res 2019, 12: 284-294 (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: It has previously been suggested that autistic children and adults have problems perceiving the detailed manner in which others move-that is, the subtle changes in speed as we move from point to point-which may impact on their ability to learn from, and about, others in a typical fashion. However, the results from the present two studies demonstrate that adults with autism can perceive this information, suggesting that atypicalities in processing others' movement may arise mainly as a consequence of atypical interpretation rather than perception. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2052 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383

Camouflaging in an everyday social context: An interpersonal recall study / Julia COOK in Autism, 25-5 (July 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 25-5 (July 2021) . - p.1444-1456 Titre : Camouflaging in an everyday social context: An interpersonal recall study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Julia COOK, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura BOURNE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1444-1456 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Anxiety Disorders  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Social Behavior  Universities  adults  autism spectrum disorders  qualitative research  social behaviour  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many autistic people report that, despite personal costs, they use strategies to hide their autistic characteristics or appear non-autistic at work, school or university, when speaking with health professionals, or while socialising with certain friends and family members. These strategies are often referred to as camouflaging. This study explores camouflaging during everyday social interactions. A total of 17 autistic adults were filmed taking part in a common everyday social situation - a conversation with a stranger. They then watched the video of this conversation with a researcher and answered questions about camouflaging. These autistic people told us that they (1) had a strong desire to socialise with and be valued by other people but, because of negative past experiences, they often felt unsure about their ability to do so; (2) used camouflaging to help them to socialise and be valued by others; (3) experienced negative consequences when camouflaging (e.g. fatigue, anxiety and difficulties in friendships); and (4) sometimes socialised in more autistic ways instead of camouflaging. This study shows us how autistic people often change their behaviour because of the way they are treated by nonautistic people and that autistic people may benefit from programmes that help them to socialise in more authentically autistic ways, but only if their autistic social behaviour is met with understanding and acceptance from non-autistic people. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361321992641 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475 [article] Camouflaging in an everyday social context: An interpersonal recall study [texte imprimé] / Julia COOK, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura BOURNE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur . - p.1444-1456. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 25-5 (July 2021) . - p.1444-1456 Mots-clés : Adult  Anxiety Disorders  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Social Behavior  Universities  adults  autism spectrum disorders  qualitative research  social behaviour  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many autistic people report that, despite personal costs, they use strategies to hide their autistic characteristics or appear non-autistic at work, school or university, when speaking with health professionals, or while socialising with certain friends and family members. These strategies are often referred to as camouflaging. This study explores camouflaging during everyday social interactions. A total of 17 autistic adults were filmed taking part in a common everyday social situation - a conversation with a stranger. They then watched the video of this conversation with a researcher and answered questions about camouflaging. These autistic people told us that they (1) had a strong desire to socialise with and be valued by other people but, because of negative past experiences, they often felt unsure about their ability to do so; (2) used camouflaging to help them to socialise and be valued by others; (3) experienced negative consequences when camouflaging (e.g. fatigue, anxiety and difficulties in friendships); and (4) sometimes socialised in more autistic ways instead of camouflaging. This study shows us how autistic people often change their behaviour because of the way they are treated by nonautistic people and that autistic people may benefit from programmes that help them to socialise in more authentically autistic ways, but only if their autistic social behaviour is met with understanding and acceptance from non-autistic people. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361321992641 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475

Camouflaging in an everyday social context: An interpersonal recall study / Julia COOK in Autism, 26-5 (July 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-5 (July 2022) . - p.1444-1456 Titre : Camouflaging in an everyday social context: An interpersonal recall study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Julia COOK, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura BOURNE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1444-1456 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Anxiety Disorders  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Social Behavior  Universities  adults  autism spectrum disorders  qualitative research  social behaviour  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many autistic people report that, despite personal costs, they use strategies to hide their autistic characteristics or appear non-autistic at work, school or university, when speaking with health professionals, or while socialising with certain friends and family members. These strategies are often referred to as camouflaging. This study explores camouflaging during everyday social interactions. A total of 17 autistic adults were filmed taking part in a common everyday social situation - a conversation with a stranger. They then watched the video of this conversation with a researcher and answered questions about camouflaging. These autistic people told us that they (1) had a strong desire to socialise with and be valued by other people but, because of negative past experiences, they often felt unsure about their ability to do so; (2) used camouflaging to help them to socialise and be valued by others; (3) experienced negative consequences when camouflaging (e.g. fatigue, anxiety and difficulties in friendships); and (4) sometimes socialised in more autistic ways instead of camouflaging. This study shows us how autistic people often change their behaviour because of the way they are treated by nonautistic people and that autistic people may benefit from programmes that help them to socialise in more authentically autistic ways, but only if their autistic social behaviour is met with understanding and acceptance from non-autistic people. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361321992641 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484 [article] Camouflaging in an everyday social context: An interpersonal recall study [texte imprimé] / Julia COOK, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura BOURNE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur . - p.1444-1456. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-5 (July 2022) . - p.1444-1456 Mots-clés : Adult  Anxiety Disorders  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Social Behavior  Universities  adults  autism spectrum disorders  qualitative research  social behaviour  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many autistic people report that, despite personal costs, they use strategies to hide their autistic characteristics or appear non-autistic at work, school or university, when speaking with health professionals, or while socialising with certain friends and family members. These strategies are often referred to as camouflaging. This study explores camouflaging during everyday social interactions. A total of 17 autistic adults were filmed taking part in a common everyday social situation - a conversation with a stranger. They then watched the video of this conversation with a researcher and answered questions about camouflaging. These autistic people told us that they (1) had a strong desire to socialise with and be valued by other people but, because of negative past experiences, they often felt unsure about their ability to do so; (2) used camouflaging to help them to socialise and be valued by others; (3) experienced negative consequences when camouflaging (e.g. fatigue, anxiety and difficulties in friendships); and (4) sometimes socialised in more autistic ways instead of camouflaging. This study shows us how autistic people often change their behaviour because of the way they are treated by nonautistic people and that autistic people may benefit from programmes that help them to socialise in more authentically autistic ways, but only if their autistic social behaviour is met with understanding and acceptance from non-autistic people. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361321992641 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=484

Does camouflaging predict age at autism diagnosis? A comparison of autistic men and women / Victoria MILNER in Autism Research, 17-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-3 (March 2024) . - p.626-636 Titre : Does camouflaging predict age at autism diagnosis? A comparison of autistic men and women Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Victoria MILNER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Julia COOK, Auteur ; Dorota ALI, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.626-636 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract It is frequently reported that females are likely to receive an autism diagnosis at a later age than their male counterparts, despite similar levels of autistic traits. It has been suggested that this delay in diagnosis may in part reflect the propensity of females, more than males, to engage in camouflaging behaviors that reduce the appearance of autism-related traits. This article presents two studies which examined the relationship between gender/sex, camouflaging, and age at diagnosis in two samples of (cis-gender) autistic adults. Study 1 included data from three online samples including 242 autistic men and 570 autistic women aged 18-75 years. Study 2 included data from a longitudinal population-based sample including 24 autistic men and 35 autistic women aged 20-24 years. Camouflaging was measured with the self-report Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q). Overall, the results showed that, on average, females were diagnosed later than males. There was a stronger relationship between camouflaging and age at autism diagnosis (AaD) for females, compared with males. Within sample one, there was a significant camouflaging-by-sex interaction; high-camouflaging females had a later AaD. The role of autistic traits and changes in attitudes towards female autism and camouflaging need further exploration. These findings highlight the need for greater clinician and key stakeholder awareness and understanding of camouflaging behavior, particularly for females, during the diagnostic process. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3059 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=525 [article] Does camouflaging predict age at autism diagnosis? A comparison of autistic men and women [texte imprimé] / Victoria MILNER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Julia COOK, Auteur ; Dorota ALI, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.626-636. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-3 (March 2024) . - p.626-636 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract It is frequently reported that females are likely to receive an autism diagnosis at a later age than their male counterparts, despite similar levels of autistic traits. It has been suggested that this delay in diagnosis may in part reflect the propensity of females, more than males, to engage in camouflaging behaviors that reduce the appearance of autism-related traits. This article presents two studies which examined the relationship between gender/sex, camouflaging, and age at diagnosis in two samples of (cis-gender) autistic adults. Study 1 included data from three online samples including 242 autistic men and 570 autistic women aged 18-75 years. Study 2 included data from a longitudinal population-based sample including 24 autistic men and 35 autistic women aged 20-24 years. Camouflaging was measured with the self-report Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q). Overall, the results showed that, on average, females were diagnosed later than males. There was a stronger relationship between camouflaging and age at autism diagnosis (AaD) for females, compared with males. Within sample one, there was a significant camouflaging-by-sex interaction; high-camouflaging females had a later AaD. The role of autistic traits and changes in attitudes towards female autism and camouflaging need further exploration. These findings highlight the need for greater clinician and key stakeholder awareness and understanding of camouflaging behavior, particularly for females, during the diagnostic process. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3059 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=525

Self-reported camouflaging behaviours used by autistic adults during everyday social interactions / Julia COOK in Autism, 26-2 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-2 (February 2022) . - p.406-421 Titre : Self-reported camouflaging behaviours used by autistic adults during everyday social interactions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Julia COOK, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Laura BOURNE, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.406-421 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  camouflaging  masking  social behaviour  of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this  article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging can be thought of as the process through which autistic people modify their natural social behaviours to adapt to, cope within or influence the largely neurotypical (non-autistic) social world. Many autistic people experience negative reactions to their natural or intuitive social behaviours when interacting with non-autistic people. Over time, in response to these negative reactions, autistic people's social behaviour often changes. We refer to autistic people's changed behaviours as 'camouflaging behaviours'. Research exploring camouflaging behaviours is still at an early stage. This study investigated camouflaging behaviours used by autistic adults in everyday social interactions using a research method that was new to the field of autism. Specifically, 17 autistic adults were filmed taking part in a common everyday social situation - a conversation with a stranger. With the help of the video of this conversation, they then showed and described their camouflaging behaviours to a researcher. These autistic people identified and described a total of 38 different camouflaging behaviours. The detailed and specific information provided by autistic adults about camouflaging behaviours generated important new insights into the ways in which autistic people adapt to, cope within and influence the neurotypical (non-autistic) social world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211026754 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 [article] Self-reported camouflaging behaviours used by autistic adults during everyday social interactions [texte imprimé] / Julia COOK, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Laura BOURNE, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur . - p.406-421. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-2 (February 2022) . - p.406-421 Mots-clés : autism  camouflaging  masking  social behaviour  of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this  article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging can be thought of as the process through which autistic people modify their natural social behaviours to adapt to, cope within or influence the largely neurotypical (non-autistic) social world. Many autistic people experience negative reactions to their natural or intuitive social behaviours when interacting with non-autistic people. Over time, in response to these negative reactions, autistic people's social behaviour often changes. We refer to autistic people's changed behaviours as 'camouflaging behaviours'. Research exploring camouflaging behaviours is still at an early stage. This study investigated camouflaging behaviours used by autistic adults in everyday social interactions using a research method that was new to the field of autism. Specifically, 17 autistic adults were filmed taking part in a common everyday social situation - a conversation with a stranger. With the help of the video of this conversation, they then showed and described their camouflaging behaviours to a researcher. These autistic people identified and described a total of 38 different camouflaging behaviours. The detailed and specific information provided by autistic adults about camouflaging behaviours generated important new insights into the ways in which autistic people adapt to, cope within and influence the neurotypical (non-autistic) social world. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211026754 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452

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