Annual Research Review: The role of the environment in the developmental psychopathology of autism spectrum condition / William MANDY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-3 (March 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-3 (March 2016) . - p.271-292 Titre : Annual Research Review: The role of the environment in the developmental psychopathology of autism spectrum condition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : William MANDY, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.271-292 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum condition  autism spectrum disorder  autism  Asperger's syndrome  genetics  environment  developmental psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although autism spectrum condition (ASC) is strongly genetic in origin, accumulating evidence points to the critical roles of various environmental influences on its emergence and subsequent developmental course. Methods A developmental psychopathology framework was used to synthesise literature on environmental factors associated with the onset and course of ASC (based on a systematic search of the literature using PubMed, PsychInfo and Google Scholar databases). Particular emphasis was placed on gene–environment interplay, including gene–environment interaction (G × E) and gene–environment correlation (rGE). Results Before conception, advanced paternal and maternal ages may independently enhance offspring risk for ASC. Exogenous prenatal risks are evident (e.g. valproate and toxic chemicals) or possible (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), and processes endogenous to the materno-foeto-placental unit (e.g. maternal diabetes, enhanced steroidogenic activities and maternal immune activation) likely heighten offspring vulnerability to ASC. Folate intake is a prenatal protective factor, with a particular window of action around 4 weeks preconception and during the first trimester. These prenatal risks and protective mechanisms appear to involve G × E and potentially rGE. A variety of perinatal risks are related to offspring ASC risk, possibly reflecting rGE. Postnatal social factors (e.g. caregiver–infant interaction, severe early deprivation) during the first years of life may operate through rGE to influence the likelihood of manifesting a full ASC phenotype from a ‘prodromal’ phase (a proposal distinct to the discredited and harmful ‘refrigerator mother hypothesis’); and later postnatal risks, after the full manifestation of ASC, shape life span development through transactions mediated by rGE. There is no evidence that vaccination is a postnatal risk for ASC. Conclusions Future investigations should consider the specificity of risks for ASC versus other atypical neurodevelopmental trajectories, timing of risk and protective mechanisms, animal model systems to study mechanisms underlying gene–environment interplay, large-sample genome–envirome designs to address G × E and longitudinal studies to elucidate how rGE plays out over time. Clinical and public health implications are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12501 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282 [article] Annual Research Review: The role of the environment in the developmental psychopathology of autism spectrum condition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / William MANDY, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur . - p.271-292. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-3 (March 2016) . - p.271-292 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum condition  autism spectrum disorder  autism  Asperger's syndrome  genetics  environment  developmental psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although autism spectrum condition (ASC) is strongly genetic in origin, accumulating evidence points to the critical roles of various environmental influences on its emergence and subsequent developmental course. Methods A developmental psychopathology framework was used to synthesise literature on environmental factors associated with the onset and course of ASC (based on a systematic search of the literature using PubMed, PsychInfo and Google Scholar databases). Particular emphasis was placed on gene–environment interplay, including gene–environment interaction (G × E) and gene–environment correlation (rGE). Results Before conception, advanced paternal and maternal ages may independently enhance offspring risk for ASC. Exogenous prenatal risks are evident (e.g. valproate and toxic chemicals) or possible (e.g. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), and processes endogenous to the materno-foeto-placental unit (e.g. maternal diabetes, enhanced steroidogenic activities and maternal immune activation) likely heighten offspring vulnerability to ASC. Folate intake is a prenatal protective factor, with a particular window of action around 4 weeks preconception and during the first trimester. These prenatal risks and protective mechanisms appear to involve G × E and potentially rGE. A variety of perinatal risks are related to offspring ASC risk, possibly reflecting rGE. Postnatal social factors (e.g. caregiver–infant interaction, severe early deprivation) during the first years of life may operate through rGE to influence the likelihood of manifesting a full ASC phenotype from a ‘prodromal’ phase (a proposal distinct to the discredited and harmful ‘refrigerator mother hypothesis’); and later postnatal risks, after the full manifestation of ASC, shape life span development through transactions mediated by rGE. There is no evidence that vaccination is a postnatal risk for ASC. Conclusions Future investigations should consider the specificity of risks for ASC versus other atypical neurodevelopmental trajectories, timing of risk and protective mechanisms, animal model systems to study mechanisms underlying gene–environment interplay, large-sample genome–envirome designs to address G × E and longitudinal studies to elucidate how rGE plays out over time. Clinical and public health implications are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12501 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282

Assessing gender differences in autism spectrum disorder using the Gendered Autism Behavioral Scale (GABS): An exploratory study / Elaine B. CLARKE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 88 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 88 (October 2021) . - 101844 Titre : Assessing gender differences in autism spectrum disorder using the Gendered Autism Behavioral Scale (GABS): An exploratory study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elaine B. CLARKE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Rachel LOOMES, Auteur ; Carolyn E. B. MCCORMICK, Auteur ; Stephen J. SHEINKOPF, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101844 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gender  Sex  Diagnosis  ADOS  Autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction Gendered differences in autism spectrum disorder (hereafter, ‘autism’) symptomatology, may contribute to delayed diagnoses for autistic females. The aim of this study was to develop a coding system, the Gendered Autism Behavioral Scale (GABS), to identify and measure hypothesized components of non-traditional autism phenotypes. Methods Two independent cohorts of autistic individuals completed modules 3 and 4 of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS, 2nd edition). Video-recorded ADOS administrations were coded using the GABS, and separate coding teams analyzed each cohort. Cohort 1 from the United Kingdom consisted of 22 males and 22 females, aged 9–15 years. Cohort 2 from the United States consisted of 40 males and 20 females, aged 4–59 years. Results The coders achieved acceptable inter-rater reliability both within and across coding teams. In exploratory analyses, gender differences between codes were assessed within cohorts. Within Cohort 1, there were significant gender differences, of a moderate size, on several individual items as well as the Managing Emotions subscale and the Total GABS score. Within Cohort 2, significant gender differences were found for two individual items. Conclusions This study demonstrated the feasibility of the GABS across different sites. Validity tests resulted in partial replication of gender differences on the GABS. Preliminary evidence from the GABS suggests that valuable data on hypothesized non-traditional autism phenotypes could be extracted from widely employed assessments such as the ADOS. Future work could capitalize on the GABS’ utility for secondary data analysis to study gender differences in ASD in larger, adequately powered samples. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101844 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458 [article] Assessing gender differences in autism spectrum disorder using the Gendered Autism Behavioral Scale (GABS): An exploratory study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elaine B. CLARKE, Auteur ; Laura HULL, Auteur ; Rachel LOOMES, Auteur ; Carolyn E. B. MCCORMICK, Auteur ; Stephen J. SHEINKOPF, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur . - 101844. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 88 (October 2021) . - 101844 Mots-clés : Gender  Sex  Diagnosis  ADOS  Autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction Gendered differences in autism spectrum disorder (hereafter, ‘autism’) symptomatology, may contribute to delayed diagnoses for autistic females. The aim of this study was to develop a coding system, the Gendered Autism Behavioral Scale (GABS), to identify and measure hypothesized components of non-traditional autism phenotypes. Methods Two independent cohorts of autistic individuals completed modules 3 and 4 of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS, 2nd edition). Video-recorded ADOS administrations were coded using the GABS, and separate coding teams analyzed each cohort. Cohort 1 from the United Kingdom consisted of 22 males and 22 females, aged 9–15 years. Cohort 2 from the United States consisted of 40 males and 20 females, aged 4–59 years. Results The coders achieved acceptable inter-rater reliability both within and across coding teams. In exploratory analyses, gender differences between codes were assessed within cohorts. Within Cohort 1, there were significant gender differences, of a moderate size, on several individual items as well as the Managing Emotions subscale and the Total GABS score. Within Cohort 2, significant gender differences were found for two individual items. Conclusions This study demonstrated the feasibility of the GABS across different sites. Validity tests resulted in partial replication of gender differences on the GABS. Preliminary evidence from the GABS suggests that valuable data on hypothesized non-traditional autism phenotypes could be extracted from widely employed assessments such as the ADOS. Future work could capitalize on the GABS’ utility for secondary data analysis to study gender differences in ASD in larger, adequately powered samples. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101844 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458

Augmentation de la prévalence de l’autisme : quelle est son origine et sa signification? / William MANDY in Bulletin Scientifique de l'arapi (Le), 40 (Hiver 2017)

Public ISBD [article]  inBulletin Scientifique de l'arapi (Le) > 40 (Hiver 2017) . - p.12-18 Titre : Augmentation de la prévalence de l’autisme : quelle est son origine et sa signification? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : William MANDY, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p.12-18 Langues : Français (fre) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=373 [article] Augmentation de la prévalence de l’autisme : quelle est son origine et sa signification? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / William MANDY, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur . - 2017 . - p.12-18. Langues : Français (fre) in Bulletin Scientifique de l'arapi (Le) > 40 (Hiver 2017) . - p.12-18 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=373

Behavioural and cognitive sex/gender differences in autism spectrum condition and typically developing males and females / Laura HULL in Autism, 21-6 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 21-6 (August 2017) . - p.706-727 Titre : Behavioural and cognitive sex/gender differences in autism spectrum condition and typically developing males and females Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; K. V. PETRIDES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.706-727 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies assessing sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions often fail to include typically developing control groups. It is, therefore, unclear whether observed sex/gender differences reflect those found in the general population or are particular to autism spectrum conditions. A systematic search identified articles comparing behavioural and cognitive characteristics in males and females with and without an autism spectrum condition diagnosis. A total of 13 studies were included in meta-analyses of sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition symptoms (social/communication impairments and restricted/repetitive behaviours and interests) and intelligence quotient. A total of 20 studies were included in a qualitative review of sex/gender differences in additional autism spectrum condition symptoms. For core traits and intelligence quotient, sex/gender differences were comparable in autism spectrum conditions and typical samples. Some additional autism spectrum condition symptoms displayed different patterns of sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions and typically developing groups, including measures of executive function, empathising and systemising traits, internalising and externalising problems and play behaviours. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions display typical sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition traits, suggesting that diagnostic criteria based on these symptoms should take into account typical sex/gender differences. However, awareness of associated autism spectrum condition symptoms should include the possibility of different male and female phenotypes, to ensure those who do not fit the ?typical? autism spectrum condition presentation are not missed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316669087 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311 [article] Behavioural and cognitive sex/gender differences in autism spectrum condition and typically developing males and females [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; K. V. PETRIDES, Auteur . - p.706-727. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 21-6 (August 2017) . - p.706-727 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies assessing sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions often fail to include typically developing control groups. It is, therefore, unclear whether observed sex/gender differences reflect those found in the general population or are particular to autism spectrum conditions. A systematic search identified articles comparing behavioural and cognitive characteristics in males and females with and without an autism spectrum condition diagnosis. A total of 13 studies were included in meta-analyses of sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition symptoms (social/communication impairments and restricted/repetitive behaviours and interests) and intelligence quotient. A total of 20 studies were included in a qualitative review of sex/gender differences in additional autism spectrum condition symptoms. For core traits and intelligence quotient, sex/gender differences were comparable in autism spectrum conditions and typical samples. Some additional autism spectrum condition symptoms displayed different patterns of sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions and typically developing groups, including measures of executive function, empathising and systemising traits, internalising and externalising problems and play behaviours. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions display typical sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition traits, suggesting that diagnostic criteria based on these symptoms should take into account typical sex/gender differences. However, awareness of associated autism spectrum condition symptoms should include the possibility of different male and female phenotypes, to ensure those who do not fit the ?typical? autism spectrum condition presentation are not missed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316669087 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311

Benefits and harms of interventions to improve anxiety, depression, and other mental health outcomes for autistic people: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials / Audrey LINDEN in Autism, 27-1 (January 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-1 (January 2023) . - p.7-30 Titre : Benefits and harms of interventions to improve anxiety, depression, and other mental health outcomes for autistic people: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Audrey LINDEN, Auteur ; Lawrence BEST, Auteur ; Freya ELISE, Auteur ; Danielle ROBERTS, Auteur ; Aoife BRANAGAN, Auteur ; Yong Boon Ernest TAY, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; James CUSACK, Auteur ; Brian DAVIDSON, Auteur ; Ian DAVIDSON, Auteur ; Caroline HEARST, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Dheeraj RAI, Auteur ; Edward SMITH, Auteur ; Kurinchi GURUSAMY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.7-30 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescents  adults  anxiety  autism spectrum disorders  depression  interventions - pharmacologic  interventions - psychosocial/behavioural  school-age children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mental health difficulties are prevalent in autistic people with ~14%-50% having experienced depression and ~40%-80% having experienced anxiety disorders. Identifying interventions that improve autistic people’s mental health is a top priority. However, at present, there is no high-quality network meta-analysis of benefits and harms of different interventions. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, other databases, and trial registers until 17 October 2020. We included randomised controlled trials reporting anxiety or depression in a suitable format. We calculated effect estimates and 95% credible intervals using Bayesian network meta-analysis. Our search identified 13,794 reports, of which 71 randomised controlled trials (3630 participants) were eligible for inclusion. All trials had high risk of bias. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 24 months. Evidence indicates uncertainty about the effects of different interventions, with more high-quality evidence needed. Available evidence suggests that some forms of cognitive behavioural therapy may decrease anxiety and depression scores in autistic children and adults; mindfulness therapy may decrease anxiety and depression scores in autistic adults with previous mental health conditions; and behavioural interventions may provide some benefit for depression in autistic children. We recommend that autistic people are given access to mental health interventions available to non-autistic people, following principles of person-centred care. PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42019136093 Lay Abstract Nearly three out of four autistic people experience mental health problems such as stress, anxiety or depression. The research already done does not guide us on how best to prevent or treat mental health problems for autistic people. Our aim was to look at the benefits and harms of different interventions on mental health outcomes in autistic people. We searched all the published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) about interventions for mental health conditions in autistic people until 17 October 2020. We also searched for RCTs that were not published in peer-reviewed journals. These were obtained from registers of clinical trials online. We then combined the information from all these trials using advanced statistical methods to analyse how good the interventions are. Seventy-one studies (3630 participants) provided information for this research. The studies reported how participants were responding to the intervention for only a short period of time. The trials did not report which interventions worked for people with intellectual disability. In people without intellectual disability, some forms of cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness therapy may be helpful. However, further research is necessary. Many trials used medications to target core features of autism rather than targeting mental health conditions, but these medications did not help autistic people. Until we have more evidence, treatment of mental health conditions in autistic people should follow the evidence available for non-autistic people. We plan to widely disseminate the findings to healthcare professionals through medical journals and conferences and contact other groups representing autistic people. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221117931 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Benefits and harms of interventions to improve anxiety, depression, and other mental health outcomes for autistic people: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Audrey LINDEN, Auteur ; Lawrence BEST, Auteur ; Freya ELISE, Auteur ; Danielle ROBERTS, Auteur ; Aoife BRANAGAN, Auteur ; Yong Boon Ernest TAY, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; James CUSACK, Auteur ; Brian DAVIDSON, Auteur ; Ian DAVIDSON, Auteur ; Caroline HEARST, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Dheeraj RAI, Auteur ; Edward SMITH, Auteur ; Kurinchi GURUSAMY, Auteur . - p.7-30. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-1 (January 2023) . - p.7-30 Mots-clés : adolescents  adults  anxiety  autism spectrum disorders  depression  interventions - pharmacologic  interventions - psychosocial/behavioural  school-age children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mental health difficulties are prevalent in autistic people with ~14%-50% having experienced depression and ~40%-80% having experienced anxiety disorders. Identifying interventions that improve autistic people’s mental health is a top priority. However, at present, there is no high-quality network meta-analysis of benefits and harms of different interventions. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, other databases, and trial registers until 17 October 2020. We included randomised controlled trials reporting anxiety or depression in a suitable format. We calculated effect estimates and 95% credible intervals using Bayesian network meta-analysis. Our search identified 13,794 reports, of which 71 randomised controlled trials (3630 participants) were eligible for inclusion. All trials had high risk of bias. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 24 months. Evidence indicates uncertainty about the effects of different interventions, with more high-quality evidence needed. Available evidence suggests that some forms of cognitive behavioural therapy may decrease anxiety and depression scores in autistic children and adults; mindfulness therapy may decrease anxiety and depression scores in autistic adults with previous mental health conditions; and behavioural interventions may provide some benefit for depression in autistic children. We recommend that autistic people are given access to mental health interventions available to non-autistic people, following principles of person-centred care. PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42019136093 Lay Abstract Nearly three out of four autistic people experience mental health problems such as stress, anxiety or depression. The research already done does not guide us on how best to prevent or treat mental health problems for autistic people. Our aim was to look at the benefits and harms of different interventions on mental health outcomes in autistic people. We searched all the published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) about interventions for mental health conditions in autistic people until 17 October 2020. We also searched for RCTs that were not published in peer-reviewed journals. These were obtained from registers of clinical trials online. We then combined the information from all these trials using advanced statistical methods to analyse how good the interventions are. Seventy-one studies (3630 participants) provided information for this research. The studies reported how participants were responding to the intervention for only a short period of time. The trials did not report which interventions worked for people with intellectual disability. In people without intellectual disability, some forms of cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness therapy may be helpful. However, further research is necessary. Many trials used medications to target core features of autism rather than targeting mental health conditions, but these medications did not help autistic people. Until we have more evidence, treatment of mental health conditions in autistic people should follow the evidence available for non-autistic people. We plan to widely disseminate the findings to healthcare professionals through medical journals and conferences and contact other groups representing autistic people. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221117931 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

Camouflaging in an everyday social context: An interpersonal recall study / Julia COOK in Autism, 25-5 (July 2021)  

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Camouflaging in an everyday social context: An interpersonal recall study / Julia COOK in Autism, 26-5 (July 2022)  

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Child and Adult Factors Related to Quality of Life in Adults with Autism / Philippa MOSS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-6 (June 2017)  

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Cognitive Predictors of Self-Reported Camouflaging in Autistic Adolescents / Laura HULL in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

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A comparison of methods for measuring camouflaging in autism / William MANDY ; Laura HULL in Autism Research, 16-1 (January 2023)  

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A comparison of self-report and discrepancy measures of camouflaging: Exploring sex differences in diagnosed autistic versus high autistic trait young adults / Victoria MILNER in Autism Research, 16-3 (March 2023)  

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Demographic and psychological predictors of alcohol use and misuse in autistic adults / Maya BOWRI in Autism, 25-5 (July 2021)  

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Demographic and psychological predictors of alcohol use and misuse in autistic adults / Maya BOWRI in Autism, 26-5 (July 2022)  

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Determinants of an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in childhood and adolescence: Evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study / Mariko HOSOZAWA in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

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Does camouflaging predict age at autism diagnosis? A comparison of autistic men and women / Victoria MILNER in Autism Research, 17-3 (March 2024)  

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