Increased prefrontal GABA concentrations in adults with autism spectrum disorders / Simon MAIER in Autism Research, 15-7 (July 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-7 (July 2022) . - p.1222-1236 Titre : Increased prefrontal GABA concentrations in adults with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Simon MAIER, Auteur ; Ansgard Lena DÃœPPERS, Auteur ; Kimon RUNGE, Auteur ; Michael DACKO, Auteur ; Thomas LANGE, Auteur ; Thomas FANGMEIER, Auteur ; Andreas RIEDEL, Auteur ; Dieter EBERT, Auteur ; Dominique ENDRES, Auteur ; Katharina DOMSCHKE, Auteur ; Evgeniy PERLOV, Auteur ; Kathrin NICKEL, Auteur ; Ludger TEBARTZ VAN ELST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1222-1236 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gaba  anterior cingulate cortex  autism spectrum disorder  dorsolateral prefrontal cortex  gamma-aminobutyric acid  glutamate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The excitatory-inhibitory imbalance hypothesis postulates dysregulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) neurotransmitter systems as a common underlying deficit in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Previous studies suggest an important role of these systems in the pathophysiology of ASD, including a study of our group reporting decreased glutamate concentrations in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of adults with ASD. The aim of this study was to replicate our previous findings of impaired glutamate metabolism in ASD in a new sample and to additionally quantify GABA in the ACC and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Concentrations of GABA and glutamate-glutamine (Glx; combined glutamate and glutamine signal) were quantified in the ACC and dlPFC of 43 adults with ASD and 43 neurotypical controls (NTC) by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The ASD group showed increased absolute GABA concentrations and elevated GABA/creatine ratios in the left dlPFC compared to NTC, while no group differences were detected in the pregenual and dorsal ACC. Previous findings of altered Glx concentration in the pregenual ACC of the ASD group could not be replicated. Regarding Glx concentrations and Glx/creatine ratios, there were no significant differences in the dlPFC and ACC either. The study supports the hypothesis of an altered GABA and glutamate equilibrium, indicating an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory metabolism in ASD patients. However, inconsistent results across studies and brain regions suggest a complex underlying phenomenon. LAY SUMMARY: Adults of the autism spectrum exhibit elevated levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This finding supports the hypothesis of an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory equilibrium in patients with autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Increased prefrontal GABA concentrations in adults with autism spectrum disorders [texte imprimé] / Simon MAIER, Auteur ; Ansgard Lena DÃœPPERS, Auteur ; Kimon RUNGE, Auteur ; Michael DACKO, Auteur ; Thomas LANGE, Auteur ; Thomas FANGMEIER, Auteur ; Andreas RIEDEL, Auteur ; Dieter EBERT, Auteur ; Dominique ENDRES, Auteur ; Katharina DOMSCHKE, Auteur ; Evgeniy PERLOV, Auteur ; Kathrin NICKEL, Auteur ; Ludger TEBARTZ VAN ELST, Auteur . - p.1222-1236. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-7 (July 2022) . - p.1222-1236 Mots-clés : Gaba  anterior cingulate cortex  autism spectrum disorder  dorsolateral prefrontal cortex  gamma-aminobutyric acid  glutamate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The excitatory-inhibitory imbalance hypothesis postulates dysregulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) neurotransmitter systems as a common underlying deficit in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Previous studies suggest an important role of these systems in the pathophysiology of ASD, including a study of our group reporting decreased glutamate concentrations in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of adults with ASD. The aim of this study was to replicate our previous findings of impaired glutamate metabolism in ASD in a new sample and to additionally quantify GABA in the ACC and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Concentrations of GABA and glutamate-glutamine (Glx; combined glutamate and glutamine signal) were quantified in the ACC and dlPFC of 43 adults with ASD and 43 neurotypical controls (NTC) by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The ASD group showed increased absolute GABA concentrations and elevated GABA/creatine ratios in the left dlPFC compared to NTC, while no group differences were detected in the pregenual and dorsal ACC. Previous findings of altered Glx concentration in the pregenual ACC of the ASD group could not be replicated. Regarding Glx concentrations and Glx/creatine ratios, there were no significant differences in the dlPFC and ACC either. The study supports the hypothesis of an altered GABA and glutamate equilibrium, indicating an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory metabolism in ASD patients. However, inconsistent results across studies and brain regions suggest a complex underlying phenomenon. LAY SUMMARY: Adults of the autism spectrum exhibit elevated levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This finding supports the hypothesis of an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory equilibrium in patients with autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Intuitive Moral Reasoning in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Matter of Social Schemas? / Ulrich Max SCHALLER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-5 (May 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-5 (May 2019) . - p.1807-1824 Titre : Intuitive Moral Reasoning in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Matter of Social Schemas? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ulrich Max SCHALLER, Auteur ; Monica BISCALDI, Auteur ; Thomas FANGMEIER, Auteur ; Ludger TEBARTZ VAN ELST, Auteur ; Reinhold RAUH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1807-1824 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Dual-process theory  Empathy  Moral  Moral cognition  Moral dilemma  Moral reasoning  Schema theory  Social schema  Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Using a schema-theoretical perspective in the field of moral cognition, we assessed response behavior of adolescent (n = 15) and adult (n = 22) individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in comparison with adolescent (n = 22) and adult (n = 22) neurotypically developed controls. We conceptualized the Intuitive Moral Reasoning Test-in five moral dilemmas, participants had to choose between two alternative actions and assess their decision with respect to emotional valence, arousal, moral acceptability and permissibility from both the perspective of the acting person and then of the victim. Patients with ASD displayed a different decision and response behavior, particularly when the dilemmas were based on extreme life situations in combination with a social schema involving close social relationships. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-03869-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=393 [article] Intuitive Moral Reasoning in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Matter of Social Schemas? [texte imprimé] / Ulrich Max SCHALLER, Auteur ; Monica BISCALDI, Auteur ; Thomas FANGMEIER, Auteur ; Ludger TEBARTZ VAN ELST, Auteur ; Reinhold RAUH, Auteur . - p.1807-1824. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-5 (May 2019) . - p.1807-1824 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Dual-process theory  Empathy  Moral  Moral cognition  Moral dilemma  Moral reasoning  Schema theory  Social schema  Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Using a schema-theoretical perspective in the field of moral cognition, we assessed response behavior of adolescent (n = 15) and adult (n = 22) individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in comparison with adolescent (n = 22) and adult (n = 22) neurotypically developed controls. We conceptualized the Intuitive Moral Reasoning Test-in five moral dilemmas, participants had to choose between two alternative actions and assess their decision with respect to emotional valence, arousal, moral acceptability and permissibility from both the perspective of the acting person and then of the victim. Patients with ASD displayed a different decision and response behavior, particularly when the dilemmas were based on extreme life situations in combination with a social schema involving close social relationships. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-03869-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=393

Reduced task adaptation and contextual awareness in autistic adults during facial emotion recognition: evidence from mixed-effects modeling and automated facial analysis / Simon KIRSCH in Molecular Autism, 17 (2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 17 (2026) Titre : Reduced task adaptation and contextual awareness in autistic adults during facial emotion recognition: evidence from mixed-effects modeling and automated facial analysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Simon KIRSCH, Auteur ; Hanna DRIMALLA, Auteur ; William SAAKYAN, Auteur ; Bastian Elmar Alexander SAJONZ, Auteur ; Justus GRITZMANN, Auteur ; Simon MAIER, Auteur ; Thomas FANGMEIER, Auteur ; Muyu LIN, Auteur ; Simón GUENDELMAN, Auteur ; Christian KAUFMANN, Auteur ; Isabel DZIOBEK, Auteur ; Ludger Tebartz VAN ELST, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite significant advances in understanding facial emotion recognition (FER) in autistic adults in recent decades, the mechanisms underlying FER difficulties in individuals with autism remain unclear, with inconsistent findings across studies. A key limitation may be the reliance on aggregate accuracy scores, which overlook item- and subject-level variability. Here, we investigated the effects of task adaptation and stimulus properties on FER performance in autistic and non-autistic adults using mixed-effects modelling. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-026-00711-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=584 [article] Reduced task adaptation and contextual awareness in autistic adults during facial emotion recognition: evidence from mixed-effects modeling and automated facial analysis [texte imprimé] / Simon KIRSCH, Auteur ; Hanna DRIMALLA, Auteur ; William SAAKYAN, Auteur ; Bastian Elmar Alexander SAJONZ, Auteur ; Justus GRITZMANN, Auteur ; Simon MAIER, Auteur ; Thomas FANGMEIER, Auteur ; Muyu LIN, Auteur ; Simón GUENDELMAN, Auteur ; Christian KAUFMANN, Auteur ; Isabel DZIOBEK, Auteur ; Ludger Tebartz VAN ELST, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 17 (2026) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite significant advances in understanding facial emotion recognition (FER) in autistic adults in recent decades, the mechanisms underlying FER difficulties in individuals with autism remain unclear, with inconsistent findings across studies. A key limitation may be the reliance on aggregate accuracy scores, which overlook item- and subject-level variability. Here, we investigated the effects of task adaptation and stimulus properties on FER performance in autistic and non-autistic adults using mixed-effects modelling. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-026-00711-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=584

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