Associations between emotion and behavior codes and ADOS-2 scores in a sample of children referred for autism evaluation / Rebecca W LIEB in Autism, 29-11 (November 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2846-2857 Titre : Associations between emotion and behavior codes and ADOS-2 scores in a sample of children referred for autism evaluation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rebecca W LIEB, Auteur ; Luther G KALB, Auteur ; Rachel REETZKE, Auteur ; Natasha N LUDWIG, Auteur ; Christina E LOVE, Auteur ; Rowena NG, Auteur ; Danielle WEXLER, Auteur ; Allison E GORNIK, Auteur ; Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Ji Su HONG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2846-2857 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADOS-2  assessment  autism  autism spectrum disorder  clinician ratings  E codes  emotional and behavioral problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) is considered a “reference standard” measure to observe symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little is known about the utility of its Other Abnormal Behaviors or “E codes.” This study investigated the unique influence of each E code (overactivity, disruptive behavior, anxiety) on ADOS-2 scoring. Data from ADOS-2 administrations (Modules 1, 2, 3) were collected from 3364 children (mean age = 6.73 years) at an outpatient ASD clinic. For those with ASD, ADOS-2 Calibrated Severity Scores (CSS) were descriptively higher for those with overactivity and disruptive behavior, but lower for those with anxiety. For those without ASD, no patterns emerged when comparing means. After controlling for age, sex, and language level, multivariable linear models indicated the presence of overactivity was significantly associated with increased CSS for children with ASD compared to those without. No significant interaction was present for disruptive behavior. The presence of anxiety was significantly associated with increased Social Affect CSS only for those without ASD. All effect sizes were small. This is one of the first studies to evaluate the effect of each individual E code on ADOS-2 CSS. Unique differences emerged across diagnostic groups, suggesting implications for ADOS-2 interpretation.Lay Summary The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) is a common assessment tool used during an autism evaluation. As part of the ADOS-2, the examiner rates “E codes,” which are levels of hyperactivity, disruptive behavior, and anxiety during testing. These codes are not part of the final ADOS-2 score. While there is a lot of research on the ADOS-2, less is known about these E codes. This study looked at how the E codes might affect the final ADOS-2 scoring. Information came from 3364 in-person autism assessments (average age = 6.73 years) who were evaluated at an autism specialty clinic. For autistic children, ADOS-2 scores were higher (i.e. more autism-related behaviors) for those with overactivity and disruptive behavior, but lower for those with anxiety. For those without autism, there was no pattern. After accounting for the child’s age, sex, and language level, there were unique results for each E code, depending on whether the child received an autism diagnosis. This study is important as it is one of the first to evaluate the effects of each E code on ADOS-2 scores and could impact how scores are interpreted when considering an autism diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251355231 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570 [article] Associations between emotion and behavior codes and ADOS-2 scores in a sample of children referred for autism evaluation [texte imprimé] / Rebecca W LIEB, Auteur ; Luther G KALB, Auteur ; Rachel REETZKE, Auteur ; Natasha N LUDWIG, Auteur ; Christina E LOVE, Auteur ; Rowena NG, Auteur ; Danielle WEXLER, Auteur ; Allison E GORNIK, Auteur ; Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Ji Su HONG, Auteur . - p.2846-2857. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2846-2857 Mots-clés : ADOS-2  assessment  autism  autism spectrum disorder  clinician ratings  E codes  emotional and behavioral problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) is considered a “reference standard” measure to observe symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little is known about the utility of its Other Abnormal Behaviors or “E codes.” This study investigated the unique influence of each E code (overactivity, disruptive behavior, anxiety) on ADOS-2 scoring. Data from ADOS-2 administrations (Modules 1, 2, 3) were collected from 3364 children (mean age = 6.73 years) at an outpatient ASD clinic. For those with ASD, ADOS-2 Calibrated Severity Scores (CSS) were descriptively higher for those with overactivity and disruptive behavior, but lower for those with anxiety. For those without ASD, no patterns emerged when comparing means. After controlling for age, sex, and language level, multivariable linear models indicated the presence of overactivity was significantly associated with increased CSS for children with ASD compared to those without. No significant interaction was present for disruptive behavior. The presence of anxiety was significantly associated with increased Social Affect CSS only for those without ASD. All effect sizes were small. This is one of the first studies to evaluate the effect of each individual E code on ADOS-2 CSS. Unique differences emerged across diagnostic groups, suggesting implications for ADOS-2 interpretation.Lay Summary The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) is a common assessment tool used during an autism evaluation. As part of the ADOS-2, the examiner rates “E codes,” which are levels of hyperactivity, disruptive behavior, and anxiety during testing. These codes are not part of the final ADOS-2 score. While there is a lot of research on the ADOS-2, less is known about these E codes. This study looked at how the E codes might affect the final ADOS-2 scoring. Information came from 3364 in-person autism assessments (average age = 6.73 years) who were evaluated at an autism specialty clinic. For autistic children, ADOS-2 scores were higher (i.e. more autism-related behaviors) for those with overactivity and disruptive behavior, but lower for those with anxiety. For those without autism, there was no pattern. After accounting for the child’s age, sex, and language level, there were unique results for each E code, depending on whether the child received an autism diagnosis. This study is important as it is one of the first to evaluate the effects of each E code on ADOS-2 scores and could impact how scores are interpreted when considering an autism diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251355231 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570

Sex differences in early autism screening using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F) / Sherief Y ELDEEB in Autism, 27-7 (October 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-7 (October 2023) . - p.2112-2123 Titre : Sex differences in early autism screening using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sherief Y ELDEEB, Auteur ; Natasha N LUDWIG, Auteur ; Andrea Trubanova WIECKOWSKI, Auteur ; Mary F. S. DIECKHAUS, Auteur ; Yasemin Algur, Auteur ; Victoria RYAN, Auteur ; Sarah DUFEK, Auteur ; Aubyn STAHMER, Auteur ; Diana L ROBINS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2112-2123 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  screening  sex differences  toddler Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Males are more likely to be diagnosed with autism than females, and at earlier ages, yet few studies examine sex differences in screening. This study explored sex differences in psychometric properties, recommended cutoff scores, and overall scores of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up. Participants were 28,088 toddlers enrolled in four early detection of autism studies. Children (N=731) at high likelihood for autism attended evaluations after screening and/or primary care clinician concern. Females were less likely to screen at high likelihood for autism at each stage of screening and therefore less likely to be invited for evaluations. Positive predictive value was significantly lower among females than males, but sensitivity was similar. False positive females were likely to have another developmental delay. Cutoff scores for males and females matched recommended guidelines. Final scores on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up did not differ between males and females diagnosed with autism, but did for the overall sample identified at high likelihood for autism. Our findings suggest that females are less likely to be referred for evaluations, but the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up accurately identifies both males and females with autism at established cutoffs. Future research should examine methods to reduce false positive in females.Lay abstractThis study examined a widely used autism screening tool, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up to identify differences in screening for autism between toddler males and females. Examining sex differences in screening for autism in toddlerhood is important as it determines who will be referred for evaluations and receive diagnoses, which is critical for access to autism-specific early intervention. This study found that females were less likely to screen positive and be invited for evaluations compared with males. Females at high likelihood for autism were less likely to be diagnosed with autism, which decreases confidence in the screener?s results. Importantly, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up accurately identified both males and females with autism. Future research should examine ways to improve accuracy in screening results for females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231154728 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510 [article] Sex differences in early autism screening using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F) [texte imprimé] / Sherief Y ELDEEB, Auteur ; Natasha N LUDWIG, Auteur ; Andrea Trubanova WIECKOWSKI, Auteur ; Mary F. S. DIECKHAUS, Auteur ; Yasemin Algur, Auteur ; Victoria RYAN, Auteur ; Sarah DUFEK, Auteur ; Aubyn STAHMER, Auteur ; Diana L ROBINS, Auteur . - p.2112-2123. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-7 (October 2023) . - p.2112-2123 Mots-clés : autism  screening  sex differences  toddler Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Males are more likely to be diagnosed with autism than females, and at earlier ages, yet few studies examine sex differences in screening. This study explored sex differences in psychometric properties, recommended cutoff scores, and overall scores of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up. Participants were 28,088 toddlers enrolled in four early detection of autism studies. Children (N=731) at high likelihood for autism attended evaluations after screening and/or primary care clinician concern. Females were less likely to screen at high likelihood for autism at each stage of screening and therefore less likely to be invited for evaluations. Positive predictive value was significantly lower among females than males, but sensitivity was similar. False positive females were likely to have another developmental delay. Cutoff scores for males and females matched recommended guidelines. Final scores on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up did not differ between males and females diagnosed with autism, but did for the overall sample identified at high likelihood for autism. Our findings suggest that females are less likely to be referred for evaluations, but the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up accurately identifies both males and females with autism at established cutoffs. Future research should examine methods to reduce false positive in females.Lay abstractThis study examined a widely used autism screening tool, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up to identify differences in screening for autism between toddler males and females. Examining sex differences in screening for autism in toddlerhood is important as it determines who will be referred for evaluations and receive diagnoses, which is critical for access to autism-specific early intervention. This study found that females were less likely to screen positive and be invited for evaluations compared with males. Females at high likelihood for autism were less likely to be diagnosed with autism, which decreases confidence in the screener?s results. Importantly, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up accurately identified both males and females with autism. Future research should examine ways to improve accuracy in screening results for females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231154728 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510

---

1 (1 - 2 / 2) Par page : 25 50 100 200