Barriers to an autistic identity: How RRBs may contribute to the underdiagnosis of females / Aparajita RAO ; Erin MATSUBA ; Natalie RUSSO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 109 (November 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 109 (November 2023) . - 102275 Titre : Barriers to an autistic identity: How RRBs may contribute to the underdiagnosis of females Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Aparajita RAO, Auteur ; Erin MATSUBA, Auteur ; Natalie RUSSO, Auteur Article en page(s) : 102275 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic identity, females, RRBs  Sensory  Diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autistic females are frequently underdiagnosed, misdiagnosed, and/or diagnosed later in life. Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors (RRBs) are increasingly critical for diagnosis and yet are commonly rated lower in females. Whether this reflects genuinely lower levels of these traits, or if female-typical RRBs have a different phenotypic presentation that may not register on current quantitative measurement tools is unclear. Methods Twenty-one autistic females and 21 autistic males matched on chronological age and FSIQ completed the AQ, ADOS-2, and ADI-R. Items from the ADOS-2 and ADI-R were selected that were relevant to the four area s of restricted and repetitive behavior in the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria of autism. Using a mixed-methods analytical approach, scores and comments on these measures were compared between sexes to better characterize RRBs in autistic females. Results There were no sex differences on the AQ, which broadly assesses autistic traits. When analyzed by the four DSM-5 RRB criteria, there were no sex differences on the ADI-R when using traditional algorithm scoring that narrows questions down to those that are more sensitive and specific in capturing autism in research samples with a high proportion of males. When incorporating additional items relevant to the DSM-5 to identify sex differences in a broader pool of items, females scored higher on stereotyped movements and speech. Females also engaged in more sensory behaviors during the ADOS-2. Qualitative analyses indicated that females were more likely to engage in stereotyped body rocking and spinning, stereotyped behaviors when anxious, to show major reactions to changes, repetitive language including listing and counting, and sensory behaviors, especially in the tactile domain. Conclusion Exploratory findings highlight sex differences in RRBs that may help enhance diagnostic clarity for females. Higher tactile sensory behaviors in females suggests there may be increased diagnostic sensitivity for females with the updated DSM-5 that now includes sensory components as part of the diagnostic criteria. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102275 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=517 [article] Barriers to an autistic identity: How RRBs may contribute to the underdiagnosis of females [texte imprimé] / Aparajita RAO, Auteur ; Erin MATSUBA, Auteur ; Natalie RUSSO, Auteur . - 102275. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 109 (November 2023) . - 102275 Mots-clés : Autistic identity, females, RRBs  Sensory  Diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autistic females are frequently underdiagnosed, misdiagnosed, and/or diagnosed later in life. Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors (RRBs) are increasingly critical for diagnosis and yet are commonly rated lower in females. Whether this reflects genuinely lower levels of these traits, or if female-typical RRBs have a different phenotypic presentation that may not register on current quantitative measurement tools is unclear. Methods Twenty-one autistic females and 21 autistic males matched on chronological age and FSIQ completed the AQ, ADOS-2, and ADI-R. Items from the ADOS-2 and ADI-R were selected that were relevant to the four area s of restricted and repetitive behavior in the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria of autism. Using a mixed-methods analytical approach, scores and comments on these measures were compared between sexes to better characterize RRBs in autistic females. Results There were no sex differences on the AQ, which broadly assesses autistic traits. When analyzed by the four DSM-5 RRB criteria, there were no sex differences on the ADI-R when using traditional algorithm scoring that narrows questions down to those that are more sensitive and specific in capturing autism in research samples with a high proportion of males. When incorporating additional items relevant to the DSM-5 to identify sex differences in a broader pool of items, females scored higher on stereotyped movements and speech. Females also engaged in more sensory behaviors during the ADOS-2. Qualitative analyses indicated that females were more likely to engage in stereotyped body rocking and spinning, stereotyped behaviors when anxious, to show major reactions to changes, repetitive language including listing and counting, and sensory behaviors, especially in the tactile domain. Conclusion Exploratory findings highlight sex differences in RRBs that may help enhance diagnostic clarity for females. Higher tactile sensory behaviors in females suggests there may be increased diagnostic sensitivity for females with the updated DSM-5 that now includes sensory components as part of the diagnostic criteria. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102275 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=517

Brain Signatures of Early and Late Neural Measures of Auditory Habituation and Discrimination in Autism and Their Relationship to Autistic Traits and Sensory Overresponsivity / Emily CARY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-4 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-4 (April 2024) . - p.1344-1360 Titre : Brain Signatures of Early and Late Neural Measures of Auditory Habituation and Discrimination in Autism and Their Relationship to Autistic Traits and Sensory Overresponsivity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Emily CARY, Auteur ; Devon PACHECO, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. KAPLAN-KAHN, Auteur ; Elizabeth P. MCKERNAN, Auteur ; Erin MATSUBA, Auteur ; Beth PRIEVE, Auteur ; Natalie RUSSO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1344-1360 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sensory differences are included in the DSM-5 criteria of autism for the first time, yet it is unclear how they relate to neural indicators of perception. We studied early brain signatures of perception and examined their relationship to sensory behaviors and autistic traits. Thirteen autistic children and 13 Typically Developing (TD) children matched on age and nonverbal IQ participated in a passive oddball task, during which P1 habituation and P1 and MMN discrimination were evoked by pure tones. Autistic children had less neural habituation than the TD comparison group, and the MMN, but not P1, mapped on to sensory overresponsivity. Findings highlight the significance of temporal and contextual factors in neural information processing as it relates to autistic traits and sensory behaviors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05866-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526 [article] Brain Signatures of Early and Late Neural Measures of Auditory Habituation and Discrimination in Autism and Their Relationship to Autistic Traits and Sensory Overresponsivity [texte imprimé] / Emily CARY, Auteur ; Devon PACHECO, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. KAPLAN-KAHN, Auteur ; Elizabeth P. MCKERNAN, Auteur ; Erin MATSUBA, Auteur ; Beth PRIEVE, Auteur ; Natalie RUSSO, Auteur . - p.1344-1360. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-4 (April 2024) . - p.1344-1360 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sensory differences are included in the DSM-5 criteria of autism for the first time, yet it is unclear how they relate to neural indicators of perception. We studied early brain signatures of perception and examined their relationship to sensory behaviors and autistic traits. Thirteen autistic children and 13 Typically Developing (TD) children matched on age and nonverbal IQ participated in a passive oddball task, during which P1 habituation and P1 and MMN discrimination were evoked by pure tones. Autistic children had less neural habituation than the TD comparison group, and the MMN, but not P1, mapped on to sensory overresponsivity. Findings highlight the significance of temporal and contextual factors in neural information processing as it relates to autistic traits and sensory behaviors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05866-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526

Case series of autistic people diagnosed in adulthood: Factors leading to late diagnoses / Alex PORTHUKARAN in Research in Autism, 132 (April 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism > 132 (April 2026) . - 202868 Titre : Case series of autistic people diagnosed in adulthood: Factors leading to late diagnoses Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alex PORTHUKARAN, Auteur ; Louisa MAN, Auteur ; Natasha FERNANDES, Auteur ; Erin MATSUBA, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : 202868 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult diagnosis  Autism in adulthood  Late diagnosis  Case series Résumé : An evolving understanding of autism spectrum disorder has led to an increase in the number of adults receiving their diagnosis in adulthood. A diagnosis that was missed in childhood can lead to adverse mental health outcomes. Additionally, when autism presents with co-occurring conditions, it creates a complicated clinical picture. This case series reports on the clinical history and circumstances leading to an adult autism diagnosis in six adults. Each of these people had complex diagnostic pictures that led to barriers in diagnosis. Following these six vignettes, reasons for the late diagnoses are synthesized. These reasons include gender, race and culture, access to trained diagnosticians, other co-occurring conditions, and an evolving understanding of autism. Finally, we offer specific recommendations for healthcare professionals identifying autism in adulthood. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2026.202868 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=583 [article] Case series of autistic people diagnosed in adulthood: Factors leading to late diagnoses [texte imprimé] / Alex PORTHUKARAN, Auteur ; Louisa MAN, Auteur ; Natasha FERNANDES, Auteur ; Erin MATSUBA, Auteur ; Yona LUNSKY, Auteur . - 202868. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism > 132 (April 2026) . - 202868 Mots-clés : Adult diagnosis  Autism in adulthood  Late diagnosis  Case series Résumé : An evolving understanding of autism spectrum disorder has led to an increase in the number of adults receiving their diagnosis in adulthood. A diagnosis that was missed in childhood can lead to adverse mental health outcomes. Additionally, when autism presents with co-occurring conditions, it creates a complicated clinical picture. This case series reports on the clinical history and circumstances leading to an adult autism diagnosis in six adults. Each of these people had complex diagnostic pictures that led to barriers in diagnosis. Following these six vignettes, reasons for the late diagnoses are synthesized. These reasons include gender, race and culture, access to trained diagnosticians, other co-occurring conditions, and an evolving understanding of autism. Finally, we offer specific recommendations for healthcare professionals identifying autism in adulthood. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2026.202868 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=583

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