Is camouflaging unique for autism? A comparison of camouflaging between adults with autism and ADHD / W. J. VAN DER PUTTEN in Autism Research, 17-4 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-4 (April 2024) . - p.812-823 Titre : Is camouflaging unique for autism? A comparison of camouflaging between adults with autism and ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : W. J. VAN DER PUTTEN, Auteur ; A. J. J. MOL, Auteur ; A. P. GROENMAN, Auteur ; T. A. RADHOE, Auteur ; C. TORENVLIET, Auteur ; J. A. Agelink VAN RENTERGEM, Auteur ; H. M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.812-823 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Camouflaging (using (un)conscious strategies to appear as non-autistic) is thought to be an important reason for late autism diagnoses and mental health difficulties. However, it is unclear whether only autistic people camouflage or whether people with other neurodevelopmental or mental health conditions also use similar camouflaging strategies. Therefore, in this preregistered study (AsPredicted: #41811) study, we investigated if adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) also camouflage. Adults aged 30-90?years filled in the Dutch Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q-NL), the ADHD Self-Report (ADHD-SR) and the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). We investigated differences in camouflaging between adults with ADHD, autism, and a comparison group in an age and sex-matched subsample (N = 105 per group). We explored if autism and ADHD traits explained camouflaging levels in adults with an autism and/or ADHD diagnosis (N = 477). Adults with ADHD scored higher on total camouflaging and assimilation subscale compared to the comparison group. However, adults with ADHD scored lower on total camouflaging, and subscales compensation and assimilation than autistic adults. Autism traits, but not ADHD traits, were a significant predictor of camouflaging, independent of diagnosis. Thus, camouflaging does not seem to be unique to autistic adults, since adults with ADHD also show camouflaging behavior, even though not as much as autistic adults. However, as the CAT-Q-NL specifically measures camouflaging of autistic traits it is important to develop more general measures of camouflaging, to compare camouflaging more reliably in people with different mental health conditions. Furthermore, focusing on camouflaging in adults with ADHD, including potential consequences for late diagnoses and mental health seems a promising future research avenue. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3099 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526 [article] Is camouflaging unique for autism? A comparison of camouflaging between adults with autism and ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / W. J. VAN DER PUTTEN, Auteur ; A. J. J. MOL, Auteur ; A. P. GROENMAN, Auteur ; T. A. RADHOE, Auteur ; C. TORENVLIET, Auteur ; J. A. Agelink VAN RENTERGEM, Auteur ; H. M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.812-823. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-4 (April 2024) . - p.812-823 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Camouflaging (using (un)conscious strategies to appear as non-autistic) is thought to be an important reason for late autism diagnoses and mental health difficulties. However, it is unclear whether only autistic people camouflage or whether people with other neurodevelopmental or mental health conditions also use similar camouflaging strategies. Therefore, in this preregistered study (AsPredicted: #41811) study, we investigated if adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) also camouflage. Adults aged 30-90?years filled in the Dutch Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q-NL), the ADHD Self-Report (ADHD-SR) and the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). We investigated differences in camouflaging between adults with ADHD, autism, and a comparison group in an age and sex-matched subsample (N = 105 per group). We explored if autism and ADHD traits explained camouflaging levels in adults with an autism and/or ADHD diagnosis (N = 477). Adults with ADHD scored higher on total camouflaging and assimilation subscale compared to the comparison group. However, adults with ADHD scored lower on total camouflaging, and subscales compensation and assimilation than autistic adults. Autism traits, but not ADHD traits, were a significant predictor of camouflaging, independent of diagnosis. Thus, camouflaging does not seem to be unique to autistic adults, since adults with ADHD also show camouflaging behavior, even though not as much as autistic adults. However, as the CAT-Q-NL specifically measures camouflaging of autistic traits it is important to develop more general measures of camouflaging, to compare camouflaging more reliably in people with different mental health conditions. Furthermore, focusing on camouflaging in adults with ADHD, including potential consequences for late diagnoses and mental health seems a promising future research avenue. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3099 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526

Memory strategies in autistic and older adults / C. TORENVLIET in Autism Research, 17-10 (October 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-10 (October 2024) . - p.2092-2104 Titre : Memory strategies in autistic and older adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. TORENVLIET, Auteur ; A. P. GROENMAN, Auteur ; E. VAN DER BURG, Auteur ; R. C. CHARLTON, Auteur ; C. J. HAMILTON, Auteur ; H. M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2092-2104 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : aging  autism  memory strategies  visual memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Memory strategies in autistic adults seem to mimic strategies at older age, as both younger autistic and older non-autistic individuals use fewer semantic features in visual memory tasks. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate whether early differences in memory strategies lead to altered age-related effects in autism, particularly whether initial difficulties in strategy use become advantageous at older age (i.e., ?protective aging?). A total of 147 participants across four groups (autistic younger/older, non-autistic younger/older) completed an online assessment. This assessment included a recognition version of the Visual Patterns Test (VPT) to evaluate semantic strategy use in visual memory, the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) size task for assessing visual processing, and the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire to evaluate subjective memory functioning and strategy use (MMQ). Unexpectedly, all groups benefited from semantic features on the VPT, although the older groups performed less accurately and slower than the younger groups. The JND Size task showed no group differences. Autistic adults rated their MMQ memory as worse than non-autistic adults, despite reporting greater strategy use. These results indicate that cognitive strategies might be more similar between younger/older and autistic/non-autistic people than previously expected, although notable discrepancies between objective and subjective measures were present. They also substantiate previously reported parallel (i.e., similar) age-related effects between autistic and non-autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3195 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=536 [article] Memory strategies in autistic and older adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. TORENVLIET, Auteur ; A. P. GROENMAN, Auteur ; E. VAN DER BURG, Auteur ; R. C. CHARLTON, Auteur ; C. J. HAMILTON, Auteur ; H. M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.2092-2104. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-10 (October 2024) . - p.2092-2104 Mots-clés : aging  autism  memory strategies  visual memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Memory strategies in autistic adults seem to mimic strategies at older age, as both younger autistic and older non-autistic individuals use fewer semantic features in visual memory tasks. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate whether early differences in memory strategies lead to altered age-related effects in autism, particularly whether initial difficulties in strategy use become advantageous at older age (i.e., ?protective aging?). A total of 147 participants across four groups (autistic younger/older, non-autistic younger/older) completed an online assessment. This assessment included a recognition version of the Visual Patterns Test (VPT) to evaluate semantic strategy use in visual memory, the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) size task for assessing visual processing, and the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire to evaluate subjective memory functioning and strategy use (MMQ). Unexpectedly, all groups benefited from semantic features on the VPT, although the older groups performed less accurately and slower than the younger groups. The JND Size task showed no group differences. Autistic adults rated their MMQ memory as worse than non-autistic adults, despite reporting greater strategy use. These results indicate that cognitive strategies might be more similar between younger/older and autistic/non-autistic people than previously expected, although notable discrepancies between objective and subjective measures were present. They also substantiate previously reported parallel (i.e., similar) age-related effects between autistic and non-autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3195 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=536

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