Absence of Preferential Unconscious Processing of Eye Contact in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Hironori AKECHI in Autism Research, 7-5 (October 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 7-5 (October 2014) . - p.590-597 Titre : Absence of Preferential Unconscious Processing of Eye Contact in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Timo STEIN, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.590-597 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : eye contact  gaze processing  autism spectrum disorder  unconscious processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye contact plays an essential role in social interaction. Atypical eye contact is a diagnostic and widely reported feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we determined whether altered unconscious visual processing of eye contact might underlie atypical eye contact in ASD. Using continuous flash suppression (CFS), we found that typically developing (TD) adolescents detected faces with a direct gaze faster than faces with an averted gaze, indicating enhanced unconscious processing of eye contact. Critically, adolescents with ASD did not show different durations of perceptual suppression for faces with direct and averted gaze, suggesting that preferential unconscious processing of eye contact is absent in this group. In contrast, in a non-CFS control experiment, both adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents detected faces with a direct gaze faster than those with an averted gaze. Another CFS experiment confirmed that unconscious processing of non-social stimuli is intact for adolescents with ASD. These results suggest that atypical processing of eye contact in individuals with ASD could be related to a weaker initial, unconscious registration of eye contact. Autism Res 2014, 7: 590–597. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1397 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241 [article] Absence of Preferential Unconscious Processing of Eye Contact in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Timo STEIN, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur . - p.590-597. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 7-5 (October 2014) . - p.590-597 Mots-clés : eye contact  gaze processing  autism spectrum disorder  unconscious processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye contact plays an essential role in social interaction. Atypical eye contact is a diagnostic and widely reported feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we determined whether altered unconscious visual processing of eye contact might underlie atypical eye contact in ASD. Using continuous flash suppression (CFS), we found that typically developing (TD) adolescents detected faces with a direct gaze faster than faces with an averted gaze, indicating enhanced unconscious processing of eye contact. Critically, adolescents with ASD did not show different durations of perceptual suppression for faces with direct and averted gaze, suggesting that preferential unconscious processing of eye contact is absent in this group. In contrast, in a non-CFS control experiment, both adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents detected faces with a direct gaze faster than those with an averted gaze. Another CFS experiment confirmed that unconscious processing of non-social stimuli is intact for adolescents with ASD. These results suggest that atypical processing of eye contact in individuals with ASD could be related to a weaker initial, unconscious registration of eye contact. Autism Res 2014, 7: 590–597. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1397 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241

Absence of spontaneous action anticipation by false belief attribution in children with autism spectrum disorder / Atsushi SENJU in Development and Psychopathology, 22-2 (May 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 22-2 (May 2010) . - p.353-360 Titre : Absence of spontaneous action anticipation by false belief attribution in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Gergely CSIBRA, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Victoria SOUTHGATE, Auteur ; Yui MIURA, Auteur ; Tomoko MATSUI, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.353-360 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, a series of studies demonstrated false belief understanding in young children through completely nonverbal measures. These studies have revealed that children younger than 3 years of age, who consistently fail the standard verbal false belief test, can anticipate others' actions based on their attributed false beliefs. The current study examined whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who are known to have difficulties in the verbal false belief test, may also show such action anticipation in a nonverbal false belief test. We presented video stimuli of an actor watching an object being hidden in a box. The object was then displaced while the actor was looking away. We recorded children's eye movements and coded whether they spontaneously anticipated the actor's subsequent behavior, which could only have been predicted if they had attributed a false belief to her. Although typically developing children correctly anticipated the action, children with ASD failed to show such action anticipation. The results suggest that children with ASD have an impairment in false belief attribution, which is independent of their verbal ability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579410000106 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102 [article] Absence of spontaneous action anticipation by false belief attribution in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Gergely CSIBRA, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Victoria SOUTHGATE, Auteur ; Yui MIURA, Auteur ; Tomoko MATSUI, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.353-360. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 22-2 (May 2010) . - p.353-360 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, a series of studies demonstrated false belief understanding in young children through completely nonverbal measures. These studies have revealed that children younger than 3 years of age, who consistently fail the standard verbal false belief test, can anticipate others' actions based on their attributed false beliefs. The current study examined whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who are known to have difficulties in the verbal false belief test, may also show such action anticipation in a nonverbal false belief test. We presented video stimuli of an actor watching an object being hidden in a box. The object was then displaced while the actor was looking away. We recorded children's eye movements and coded whether they spontaneously anticipated the actor's subsequent behavior, which could only have been predicted if they had attributed a false belief to her. Although typically developing children correctly anticipated the action, children with ASD failed to show such action anticipation. The results suggest that children with ASD have an impairment in false belief attribution, which is independent of their verbal ability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579410000106 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102

Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Yukiko KIKUCHI in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.702-711 Titre : Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Atsuko SAITO, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.702-711 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Fixation, Ocular  Heart Rate  Humans  Nonverbal Communication  attention  eye contact  live interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have reported diminished attention to the eyes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These studies predominantly used static images of faces as stimuli. Recent studies, however, have shown enhanced response to eye contact in typically developing (TD) individuals when they observe a person in a live interaction. We investigated physiological orienting to perceived eye contact in adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents when they observed a person in live interaction or viewed a photograph of the same person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) deceleration as an index of attentional orienting. Adolescents with ASD, as well as TD adolescents, showed significant HR deceleration for the direct gaze compared to an averted gaze in the live condition, but not in the photographic condition. The results suggest an intact response to perceived eye contact in individuals with ASD during a live face-to-face interaction. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a different eye gaze pattern when observing photographic faces. However, little is known about how individuals with ASD process a real person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) and found that adolescents with ASD showed the typical decline in HR when they made eye contact with a real person, which suggests that both groups of individuals directed their attention to eye contact in a live face-to-face interaction. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Atsuko SAITO, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur . - p.702-711. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.702-711 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Fixation, Ocular  Heart Rate  Humans  Nonverbal Communication  attention  eye contact  live interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have reported diminished attention to the eyes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These studies predominantly used static images of faces as stimuli. Recent studies, however, have shown enhanced response to eye contact in typically developing (TD) individuals when they observe a person in a live interaction. We investigated physiological orienting to perceived eye contact in adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents when they observed a person in live interaction or viewed a photograph of the same person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) deceleration as an index of attentional orienting. Adolescents with ASD, as well as TD adolescents, showed significant HR deceleration for the direct gaze compared to an averted gaze in the live condition, but not in the photographic condition. The results suggest an intact response to perceived eye contact in individuals with ASD during a live face-to-face interaction. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a different eye gaze pattern when observing photographic faces. However, little is known about how individuals with ASD process a real person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) and found that adolescents with ASD showed the typical decline in HR when they made eye contact with a real person, which suggests that both groups of individuals directed their attention to eye contact in a live face-to-face interaction. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Atypical Disengagement from Faces and Its Modulation by the Control of Eye Fixation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Yukiko KIKUCHI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-5 (May 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-5 (May 2011) . - p.629-645 Titre : Atypical Disengagement from Faces and Its Modulation by the Control of Eye Fixation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.629-645 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Face  Disengagement  Saccade-related ERPs  Gap overlap task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : By using the gap overlap task, we investigated disengagement from faces and objects in children (9–17 years old) with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its neurophysiological correlates. In typically developing (TD) children, faces elicited larger gap effect, an index of attentional engagement, and larger saccade-related event-related potentials (ERPs), compared to objects. In children with ASD, by contrast, neither gap effect nor ERPs differ between faces and objects. Follow-up experiments demonstrated that instructed fixation on the eyes induces larger gap effect for faces in children with ASD, whereas instructed fixation on the mouth can disrupt larger gap effect in TD children. These results suggest a critical role of eye fixation on attentional engagement to faces in both groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1082-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121 [article] Atypical Disengagement from Faces and Its Modulation by the Control of Eye Fixation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.629-645. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-5 (May 2011) . - p.629-645 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Face  Disengagement  Saccade-related ERPs  Gap overlap task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : By using the gap overlap task, we investigated disengagement from faces and objects in children (9–17 years old) with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its neurophysiological correlates. In typically developing (TD) children, faces elicited larger gap effect, an index of attentional engagement, and larger saccade-related event-related potentials (ERPs), compared to objects. In children with ASD, by contrast, neither gap effect nor ERPs differ between faces and objects. Follow-up experiments demonstrated that instructed fixation on the eyes induces larger gap effect for faces in children with ASD, whereas instructed fixation on the mouth can disrupt larger gap effect in TD children. These results suggest a critical role of eye fixation on attentional engagement to faces in both groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1082-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121

Atypical modulation of face-elicited saccades in autism spectrum disorder in a double-step saccade paradigm / Atsushi SENJU in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5-3 (July-September 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 5-3 (July-September 2011) . - p.1264-1269 Titre : Atypical modulation of face-elicited saccades in autism spectrum disorder in a double-step saccade paradigm Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1264-1269 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Face processing  Subcortical route  Superior colliculus  Double saccade  Eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical development of face processing is a major characteristic in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which could be due to atypical interactions between subcortical and cortical face processing. The current study investigated the saccade planning towards faces in ASD. Seventeen children with ASD and 17 typically developing (TD) children observed a pair of upright or inverted face configurations flashed sequentially in two different spatial positions. The reactive saccades of participants were recorded by eye-tracking. The results did not provide evidence of overall impairment of subcortical route in ASD, However, the upright, but not the inverted, face configuration modulated the frequency of vector sum saccades (an index of subcortical control) in TD, but not in ASD. The current results suggest that children with ASD do not have overall impairment of the subcortical route, but the subcortical route may not be specialized to face processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.01.021 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=119 [article] Atypical modulation of face-elicited saccades in autism spectrum disorder in a double-step saccade paradigm [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1264-1269. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 5-3 (July-September 2011) . - p.1264-1269 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Face processing  Subcortical route  Superior colliculus  Double saccade  Eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical development of face processing is a major characteristic in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which could be due to atypical interactions between subcortical and cortical face processing. The current study investigated the saccade planning towards faces in ASD. Seventeen children with ASD and 17 typically developing (TD) children observed a pair of upright or inverted face configurations flashed sequentially in two different spatial positions. The reactive saccades of participants were recorded by eye-tracking. The results did not provide evidence of overall impairment of subcortical route in ASD, However, the upright, but not the inverted, face configuration modulated the frequency of vector sum saccades (an index of subcortical control) in TD, but not in ASD. The current results suggest that children with ASD do not have overall impairment of the subcortical route, but the subcortical route may not be specialized to face processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.01.021 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=119

Brief Report: Does Eye Contact Induce Contagious Yawning in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder? / Atsushi SENJU in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-11 (November 2009)  

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Brief Report: Pointing Cues Facilitate Word Learning in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Hironori AKECHI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-1 (January 2013)  

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Do children with ASD use referential gaze to learn the name of an object? An eye-tracking study / Hironori AKECHI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5-3 (July-September 2011)  

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Presence of Contagious Yawning in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Saori USUI in Autism Research and Treatment, (July 2013)  

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The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) Children’s Version in Japan: A Cross-Cultural Comparison / Akio WAKABAYASHI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-3 (March 2007)  

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