26 recherche sur le mot-clé 'eye contact'

Eye contact perception in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder / Shota UONO in Autism, 25-1 (January 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 25-1 (January 2021) . - p.137-147 Titre : Eye contact perception in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shota UONO, Auteur ; Sayaka YOSHIMURA, Auteur ; Motomi TOICHI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.137-147 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  emotion  eye contact  gaze direction  ingroup bias  social anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The detection of a self-directed gaze is often the starting point for social interactions and a person who feels as if they are being watched can prepare to respond to others' actions irrespective of the real gaze direction because the other person may likely be motivated to approach. Although many studies demonstrated that individuals with autism spectrum disorder have difficulty discriminating gaze direction, it remains unclear how the perception of self-directed gaze by individuals with autism spectrum disorder differs from that of age-, sex-, and IQ-matched typically developing individuals. Participants observed faces with various gaze directions and answered whether the person in the photograph was looking at them or not. Individuals with and without autism spectrum disorder were just as likely to perceive subtle averted gazes as self-directed gazes. The frequency of perceiving a self-directed gaze decreased as gaze aversion increased in both groups and, in general, individuals with autism spectrum disorder showed a comparable ability to perceive a self-directed gaze as that of typically developing individuals. Interestingly, considering face membership of photographs (ingroup or outgroup faces), typically developing individuals, but not individuals with autism spectrum disorder, were more likely to perceive self-directed gazes from ingroup faces than from outgroup faces. However, individuals with autism spectrum disorder had different affective experiences in response to ingroup and outgroup faces. These results suggest that individuals with autism spectrum disorder did not show an ingroup bias for the perception of a self-directed gaze, and raise a possibility that an atypical emotional experience contributes to the diminished ingroup bias. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320949721 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437 [article] Eye contact perception in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shota UONO, Auteur ; Sayaka YOSHIMURA, Auteur ; Motomi TOICHI, Auteur . - p.137-147. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 25-1 (January 2021) . - p.137-147 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  emotion  eye contact  gaze direction  ingroup bias  social anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The detection of a self-directed gaze is often the starting point for social interactions and a person who feels as if they are being watched can prepare to respond to others' actions irrespective of the real gaze direction because the other person may likely be motivated to approach. Although many studies demonstrated that individuals with autism spectrum disorder have difficulty discriminating gaze direction, it remains unclear how the perception of self-directed gaze by individuals with autism spectrum disorder differs from that of age-, sex-, and IQ-matched typically developing individuals. Participants observed faces with various gaze directions and answered whether the person in the photograph was looking at them or not. Individuals with and without autism spectrum disorder were just as likely to perceive subtle averted gazes as self-directed gazes. The frequency of perceiving a self-directed gaze decreased as gaze aversion increased in both groups and, in general, individuals with autism spectrum disorder showed a comparable ability to perceive a self-directed gaze as that of typically developing individuals. Interestingly, considering face membership of photographs (ingroup or outgroup faces), typically developing individuals, but not individuals with autism spectrum disorder, were more likely to perceive self-directed gazes from ingroup faces than from outgroup faces. However, individuals with autism spectrum disorder had different affective experiences in response to ingroup and outgroup faces. These results suggest that individuals with autism spectrum disorder did not show an ingroup bias for the perception of a self-directed gaze, and raise a possibility that an atypical emotional experience contributes to the diminished ingroup bias. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320949721 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437

Absence of Preferential Unconscious Processing of Eye Contact in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Hironori AKECHI in Autism Research, 7-5 (October 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 7-5 (October 2014) . - p.590-597 Titre : Absence of Preferential Unconscious Processing of Eye Contact in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Timo STEIN, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.590-597 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : eye contact  gaze processing  autism spectrum disorder  unconscious processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye contact plays an essential role in social interaction. Atypical eye contact is a diagnostic and widely reported feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we determined whether altered unconscious visual processing of eye contact might underlie atypical eye contact in ASD. Using continuous flash suppression (CFS), we found that typically developing (TD) adolescents detected faces with a direct gaze faster than faces with an averted gaze, indicating enhanced unconscious processing of eye contact. Critically, adolescents with ASD did not show different durations of perceptual suppression for faces with direct and averted gaze, suggesting that preferential unconscious processing of eye contact is absent in this group. In contrast, in a non-CFS control experiment, both adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents detected faces with a direct gaze faster than those with an averted gaze. Another CFS experiment confirmed that unconscious processing of non-social stimuli is intact for adolescents with ASD. These results suggest that atypical processing of eye contact in individuals with ASD could be related to a weaker initial, unconscious registration of eye contact. Autism Res 2014, 7: 590–597. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1397 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241 [article] Absence of Preferential Unconscious Processing of Eye Contact in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Timo STEIN, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur . - p.590-597. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 7-5 (October 2014) . - p.590-597 Mots-clés : eye contact  gaze processing  autism spectrum disorder  unconscious processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye contact plays an essential role in social interaction. Atypical eye contact is a diagnostic and widely reported feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we determined whether altered unconscious visual processing of eye contact might underlie atypical eye contact in ASD. Using continuous flash suppression (CFS), we found that typically developing (TD) adolescents detected faces with a direct gaze faster than faces with an averted gaze, indicating enhanced unconscious processing of eye contact. Critically, adolescents with ASD did not show different durations of perceptual suppression for faces with direct and averted gaze, suggesting that preferential unconscious processing of eye contact is absent in this group. In contrast, in a non-CFS control experiment, both adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents detected faces with a direct gaze faster than those with an averted gaze. Another CFS experiment confirmed that unconscious processing of non-social stimuli is intact for adolescents with ASD. These results suggest that atypical processing of eye contact in individuals with ASD could be related to a weaker initial, unconscious registration of eye contact. Autism Res 2014, 7: 590–597. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1397 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241

Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Yukiko KIKUCHI in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.702-711 Titre : Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Atsuko SAITO, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.702-711 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Fixation, Ocular  Heart Rate  Humans  Nonverbal Communication  attention  eye contact  live interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have reported diminished attention to the eyes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These studies predominantly used static images of faces as stimuli. Recent studies, however, have shown enhanced response to eye contact in typically developing (TD) individuals when they observe a person in a live interaction. We investigated physiological orienting to perceived eye contact in adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents when they observed a person in live interaction or viewed a photograph of the same person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) deceleration as an index of attentional orienting. Adolescents with ASD, as well as TD adolescents, showed significant HR deceleration for the direct gaze compared to an averted gaze in the live condition, but not in the photographic condition. The results suggest an intact response to perceived eye contact in individuals with ASD during a live face-to-face interaction. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a different eye gaze pattern when observing photographic faces. However, little is known about how individuals with ASD process a real person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) and found that adolescents with ASD showed the typical decline in HR when they made eye contact with a real person, which suggests that both groups of individuals directed their attention to eye contact in a live face-to-face interaction. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yukiko KIKUCHI, Auteur ; Hironori AKECHI, Auteur ; Atsushi SENJU, Auteur ; Yoshikuni TOJO, Auteur ; Hiroo OSANAI, Auteur ; Atsuko SAITO, Auteur ; Toshikazu HASEGAWA, Auteur . - p.702-711. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.702-711 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Fixation, Ocular  Heart Rate  Humans  Nonverbal Communication  attention  eye contact  live interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have reported diminished attention to the eyes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These studies predominantly used static images of faces as stimuli. Recent studies, however, have shown enhanced response to eye contact in typically developing (TD) individuals when they observe a person in a live interaction. We investigated physiological orienting to perceived eye contact in adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents when they observed a person in live interaction or viewed a photograph of the same person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) deceleration as an index of attentional orienting. Adolescents with ASD, as well as TD adolescents, showed significant HR deceleration for the direct gaze compared to an averted gaze in the live condition, but not in the photographic condition. The results suggest an intact response to perceived eye contact in individuals with ASD during a live face-to-face interaction. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a different eye gaze pattern when observing photographic faces. However, little is known about how individuals with ASD process a real person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) and found that adolescents with ASD showed the typical decline in HR when they made eye contact with a real person, which suggests that both groups of individuals directed their attention to eye contact in a live face-to-face interaction. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2676 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Callous-unemotional traits in children and mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love: a treatment target? / Mark R. DADDS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-7 (July 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-7 (July 2014) . - p.771-780 Titre : Callous-unemotional traits in children and mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love: a treatment target? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark R. DADDS, Auteur ; Jennifer L. ALLEN, Auteur ; Kimberley MCGREGOR, Auteur ; Matthew WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Stephen SCOTT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.771-780 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychopathy  callous-unemotional traits  eye contact  empathy  attachment  parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We previously hypothesised that the early development of psychopathy is associated with a failure to attend to the eyes of attachment figures, and we have presented preliminary data from a parent–child ‘love’ scenario in support of this. Here, we confirm the association in a larger sample and test mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love in control and behaviourally disturbed children. Methods Oppositional defiant disorder children, assessed for callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and controls, were observed in a brief interaction task where the mother was asked to show love to her child. Eye contact and affection were measured for each dyad. Results As predicted, there were no group differences in affection and eye contact expressed by mothers; levels of CU traits predicted low levels of eye contact towards their mothers across all groups of children. As expected, low eye contact was correlated with psychopathic fearlessness in their fathers, and maternal reports of negative feelings towards the child. Independent observations showed that child's behaviour largely drives the low eye contact associated with CU traits, and low eye contact was not associated with independent observations of the quality of attachment-related behaviours in mothers. Conclusions Impaired eye contact is a unique characteristic of children with CU traits; these impairments are largely independent of maternal behaviour, but associated with psychopathic traits in the fathers. These impairments should be tested for functional significance and amenability to change in longitudinal and treatment studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12155 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=235 [article] Callous-unemotional traits in children and mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love: a treatment target? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark R. DADDS, Auteur ; Jennifer L. ALLEN, Auteur ; Kimberley MCGREGOR, Auteur ; Matthew WOOLGAR, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Stephen SCOTT, Auteur . - p.771-780. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-7 (July 2014) . - p.771-780 Mots-clés : Psychopathy  callous-unemotional traits  eye contact  empathy  attachment  parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We previously hypothesised that the early development of psychopathy is associated with a failure to attend to the eyes of attachment figures, and we have presented preliminary data from a parent–child ‘love’ scenario in support of this. Here, we confirm the association in a larger sample and test mechanisms of impaired eye contact during expressions of love in control and behaviourally disturbed children. Methods Oppositional defiant disorder children, assessed for callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and controls, were observed in a brief interaction task where the mother was asked to show love to her child. Eye contact and affection were measured for each dyad. Results As predicted, there were no group differences in affection and eye contact expressed by mothers; levels of CU traits predicted low levels of eye contact towards their mothers across all groups of children. As expected, low eye contact was correlated with psychopathic fearlessness in their fathers, and maternal reports of negative feelings towards the child. Independent observations showed that child's behaviour largely drives the low eye contact associated with CU traits, and low eye contact was not associated with independent observations of the quality of attachment-related behaviours in mothers. Conclusions Impaired eye contact is a unique characteristic of children with CU traits; these impairments are largely independent of maternal behaviour, but associated with psychopathic traits in the fathers. These impairments should be tested for functional significance and amenability to change in longitudinal and treatment studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12155 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=235

Increased Eye Contact During Conversation Compared to Play in Children With Autism / Rebecca M. JONES in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-3 (March 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-3 (March 2017) . - p.607-614 Titre : Increased Eye Contact During Conversation Compared to Play in Children With Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca M. JONES, Auteur ; Audrey SOUTHERLAND, Auteur ; Amarelle HAMO, Auteur ; Caroline CARBERRY, Auteur ; Chanel BRIDGES, Auteur ; Sarah NAY, Auteur ; Elizabeth STUBBS, Auteur ; Emily KOMAROW, Auteur ; Clay WASHINGTON, Auteur ; James M. REHG, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Agata ROZGA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.607-614 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Eye contact  Gaze  Context  Play  Naturalistic interactions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism have atypical gaze behavior but it is unknown whether gaze differs during distinct types of reciprocal interactions. Typically developing children (N?=?20) and children with autism (N?=?20) (4–13 years) made similar amounts of eye contact with an examiner during a conversation. Surprisingly, there was minimal eye contact during interactive play in both groups. Gaze behavior was stable across 8 weeks in children with autism (N?=?15). Lastly, gaze behavior during conversation but not play was associated with autism social affect severity scores (ADOS CSS SA) and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2). Together findings suggests that eye contact in typical and atypical development is influenced by subtle changes in context, which has implications for optimizing assessments of social communication skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2981-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304 [article] Increased Eye Contact During Conversation Compared to Play in Children With Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca M. JONES, Auteur ; Audrey SOUTHERLAND, Auteur ; Amarelle HAMO, Auteur ; Caroline CARBERRY, Auteur ; Chanel BRIDGES, Auteur ; Sarah NAY, Auteur ; Elizabeth STUBBS, Auteur ; Emily KOMAROW, Auteur ; Clay WASHINGTON, Auteur ; James M. REHG, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Agata ROZGA, Auteur . - p.607-614. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-3 (March 2017) . - p.607-614 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Eye contact  Gaze  Context  Play  Naturalistic interactions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism have atypical gaze behavior but it is unknown whether gaze differs during distinct types of reciprocal interactions. Typically developing children (N?=?20) and children with autism (N?=?20) (4–13 years) made similar amounts of eye contact with an examiner during a conversation. Surprisingly, there was minimal eye contact during interactive play in both groups. Gaze behavior was stable across 8 weeks in children with autism (N?=?15). Lastly, gaze behavior during conversation but not play was associated with autism social affect severity scores (ADOS CSS SA) and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2). Together findings suggests that eye contact in typical and atypical development is influenced by subtle changes in context, which has implications for optimizing assessments of social communication skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2981-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304

Neurotypical, but not autistic, adults might experience distress when looking at someone avoiding eye contact: A live face-to-face paradigm / Elise CLIN in Autism, 27-7 (October 2023)  

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The Influences of Face Inversion and Facial Expression on Sensitivity to Eye Contact in High-Functioning Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Mark D. VIDA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-11 (November 2013)  

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The relative effects of social stories and video modeling toward increasing eye contact of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Roderick D. O’HANDLEY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 11 (March 2015)  

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Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of motivating eye gaze in young children on autism spectrum through parent-mediated intervention / M. MUUVILA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 98 (October 2022)  

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Affective–motivational brain responses to direct gaze in children with autism spectrum disorder / Anneli KYLLIAINEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-7 (July 2012)  

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