Lifetime stressor exposure is related to suicidality in autistic adults: A multinational study / Rachel L MOSELEY in Autism, 29-5 (May 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-5 (May 2025) . - p.1184-1208 Titre : Lifetime stressor exposure is related to suicidality in autistic adults: A multinational study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rachel L MOSELEY, Auteur ; Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Julie M. GAMBLE-TURNER, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIĆ, Auteur ; Simon M. BURY, Auteur ; Grant S. SHIELDS, Auteur ; Julian N TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mark A STOKES, Auteur ; George M SLAVICH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1184-1208 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : gender  life stress  psychopathology  STRAIN  suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite very high rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) in autistic adults, the key psychosocial drivers of this phenomenon remain unknown. To investigate, we examined how lifetime stressor exposure and severity, which have been found to predict STB in non-autistic populations, related to STB in a multinational dataset of 226 autistic adults from the United Kingdom and Australia (67% female; Mage = 41.8, SD = 13.6, range = 19-73 years old). Results revealed that autistic men and women differ with respect to the count, severity, and type of stressors they experienced over the life course. Whereas autistic men were exposed to more numerous legal/crime-related stressors, autistic women experienced more stressors related to social relationships and chronic humiliation and typically experienced stressors as more severe. In addition, whereas chronic interpersonal loss was related to STB for men, acute stressors involving physical danger and lower exposure to chronic entrapment were related to STB in autistic women. These findings indicate that certain lifetime stressors may be differentially experienced, and relevant to STB, in autistic men versus women. They also suggest that screening for lifetime stressor exposure may help identify autistic individuals at greatest risk of suicide.Lay abstract When we encounter life events that we experience as stressful ("stressors"), it sets off a biological stress response that can impact mental health and contribute to suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). Although we know about specific stressors that are associated with STB in the general population, little is known about the kinds of stressors that increase the risk of STB in autistic people and whether these associations differ by gender. To examine this issue, we cataloged the life stressors that autistic men and women experienced over the entire life course and investigated how these stressors were related to STB. Data were derived from a multinational sample of 226 autistic adults from the United Kingdom and Australia who completed the Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adults. We found that autistic men and women differed in terms of both the lifetime stressors they experienced as well as their perceived severity. Whereas men experienced more legal/crime-related stressors, women experienced more stressors related to relationships with other people and more long-lasting stressors associated with humiliation. Autistic women often perceived life stressors as more severe than men, which is important given that it is the perceived severity of stressors that most strongly affects our health. We also found that different stressors may predict STB in autistic men versus women. Whereas loss of loved ones was most strongly associated with STB for men, for women, physically dangerous stressors were most relevant. In addition, women with fewer lifetime stressors involving entrapment had higher lifetime STB. These results suggest that lifetime stressor exposure may be important to assess to understand suicide risk in autistic people. Additional research is needed to confirm these associations and to examine possible mechanisms linking stress and STB. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241299872 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=555 [article] Lifetime stressor exposure is related to suicidality in autistic adults: A multinational study [texte imprimé] / Rachel L MOSELEY, Auteur ; Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Julie M. GAMBLE-TURNER, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIĆ, Auteur ; Simon M. BURY, Auteur ; Grant S. SHIELDS, Auteur ; Julian N TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mark A STOKES, Auteur ; George M SLAVICH, Auteur . - p.1184-1208. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-5 (May 2025) . - p.1184-1208 Mots-clés : gender  life stress  psychopathology  STRAIN  suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite very high rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) in autistic adults, the key psychosocial drivers of this phenomenon remain unknown. To investigate, we examined how lifetime stressor exposure and severity, which have been found to predict STB in non-autistic populations, related to STB in a multinational dataset of 226 autistic adults from the United Kingdom and Australia (67% female; Mage = 41.8, SD = 13.6, range = 19-73 years old). Results revealed that autistic men and women differ with respect to the count, severity, and type of stressors they experienced over the life course. Whereas autistic men were exposed to more numerous legal/crime-related stressors, autistic women experienced more stressors related to social relationships and chronic humiliation and typically experienced stressors as more severe. In addition, whereas chronic interpersonal loss was related to STB for men, acute stressors involving physical danger and lower exposure to chronic entrapment were related to STB in autistic women. These findings indicate that certain lifetime stressors may be differentially experienced, and relevant to STB, in autistic men versus women. They also suggest that screening for lifetime stressor exposure may help identify autistic individuals at greatest risk of suicide.Lay abstract When we encounter life events that we experience as stressful ("stressors"), it sets off a biological stress response that can impact mental health and contribute to suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). Although we know about specific stressors that are associated with STB in the general population, little is known about the kinds of stressors that increase the risk of STB in autistic people and whether these associations differ by gender. To examine this issue, we cataloged the life stressors that autistic men and women experienced over the entire life course and investigated how these stressors were related to STB. Data were derived from a multinational sample of 226 autistic adults from the United Kingdom and Australia who completed the Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adults. We found that autistic men and women differed in terms of both the lifetime stressors they experienced as well as their perceived severity. Whereas men experienced more legal/crime-related stressors, women experienced more stressors related to relationships with other people and more long-lasting stressors associated with humiliation. Autistic women often perceived life stressors as more severe than men, which is important given that it is the perceived severity of stressors that most strongly affects our health. We also found that different stressors may predict STB in autistic men versus women. Whereas loss of loved ones was most strongly associated with STB for men, for women, physically dangerous stressors were most relevant. In addition, women with fewer lifetime stressors involving entrapment had higher lifetime STB. These results suggest that lifetime stressor exposure may be important to assess to understand suicide risk in autistic people. Additional research is needed to confirm these associations and to examine possible mechanisms linking stress and STB. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241299872 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=555

Racial/ethnic disparities in cortisol diurnal patterns and affect in adolescence / LillyBelle K. DEER in Development and Psychopathology, 30-5 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-5 (December 2018) . - p.1977-1993 Titre : Racial/ethnic disparities in cortisol diurnal patterns and affect in adolescence Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : LillyBelle K. DEER, Auteur ; Grant S. SHIELDS, Auteur ; Susannah L. IVORY, Auteur ; Camelia E. HOSTINAR, Auteur ; Eva H. TELZER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1977-1993 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Racial/ethnic minorities are more vulnerable to mental and physical health problems, but we know little about the psychobiological underpinnings of these disparities. In this study, we examined racial/ethnic differences in cortisol diurnal patterns and affect as initial steps toward elucidating long-term health disparities. A racially/ethnically diverse (39.5% White, 60.5% minority) sample of 370 adolescents (57.3% female) between the ages of 11.9 and 18 years (M = 14.65 years, SD = 1.39) participated in this study. These adolescents provided 16 cortisol samples (4 samples per day across 4 days), allowing the computation of diurnal cortisol slopes, the cortisol awakening response, and diurnal cortisol output (area under the curve), as well as daily diary ratings of high-arousal and low-arousal positive and negative affect. Consistent with prior research, we found that racial/ethnic minorities (particularly African American and Latino youth) exhibited flatter diurnal cortisol slopes compared to White youth, F (1, 344.7) = 5.26, p = .02, effect size g = 0.25. Furthermore, African American and Asian American youth reported lower levels of positive affect (both high arousal and low arousal) compared to White youth. Racial/ethnic differences in affect did not explain differences in cortisol patterns, suggesting a need to refine our models of relations between affect and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical activity. We conclude by proposing that a deeper understanding of cultural development may help elucidate the complex associations between affect and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical functioning and how they explain racial/ethnic differences in both affect and stress biology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579418001098 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] Racial/ethnic disparities in cortisol diurnal patterns and affect in adolescence [texte imprimé] / LillyBelle K. DEER, Auteur ; Grant S. SHIELDS, Auteur ; Susannah L. IVORY, Auteur ; Camelia E. HOSTINAR, Auteur ; Eva H. TELZER, Auteur . - p.1977-1993. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-5 (December 2018) . - p.1977-1993 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Racial/ethnic minorities are more vulnerable to mental and physical health problems, but we know little about the psychobiological underpinnings of these disparities. In this study, we examined racial/ethnic differences in cortisol diurnal patterns and affect as initial steps toward elucidating long-term health disparities. A racially/ethnically diverse (39.5% White, 60.5% minority) sample of 370 adolescents (57.3% female) between the ages of 11.9 and 18 years (M = 14.65 years, SD = 1.39) participated in this study. These adolescents provided 16 cortisol samples (4 samples per day across 4 days), allowing the computation of diurnal cortisol slopes, the cortisol awakening response, and diurnal cortisol output (area under the curve), as well as daily diary ratings of high-arousal and low-arousal positive and negative affect. Consistent with prior research, we found that racial/ethnic minorities (particularly African American and Latino youth) exhibited flatter diurnal cortisol slopes compared to White youth, F (1, 344.7) = 5.26, p = .02, effect size g = 0.25. Furthermore, African American and Asian American youth reported lower levels of positive affect (both high arousal and low arousal) compared to White youth. Racial/ethnic differences in affect did not explain differences in cortisol patterns, suggesting a need to refine our models of relations between affect and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical activity. We conclude by proposing that a deeper understanding of cultural development may help elucidate the complex associations between affect and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical functioning and how they explain racial/ethnic differences in both affect and stress biology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579418001098 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371

The Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adolescents (Adolescent STRAIN): associations with mental and physical health, risky behaviors, and psychiatric diagnoses in youth seeking treatment / G. M. SLAVICH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-9 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-9 (September 2019) . - p.998-1009 Titre : The Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adolescents (Adolescent STRAIN): associations with mental and physical health, risky behaviors, and psychiatric diagnoses in youth seeking treatment Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : G. M. SLAVICH, Auteur ; J. G. STEWART, Auteur ; Erika C. ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Grant S. SHIELDS, Auteur ; Randy P. AUERBACH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.998-1009 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Life stress  adolescence  assessment  health  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Numerous theories have posited that stressors occurring over the lifespan may exert a cumulative effect on psychological and biological processes that increase individuals' risk for a variety of mental and physical health problems. Given the difficulty associated with assessing lifetime stress exposure, however, few empirical studies have directly tested these cumulative risk models of psychopathology and human health. METHOD: To address this issue, we examined the usability, acceptability, concurrent validity, and predictive validity of the recently developed Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adolescents (Adolescent STRAIN) in 338 youth (Mage = 15.64; 229 females) seeking mental health treatment. RESULTS: The Adolescent STRAIN achieved high acceptability and was completed in approximately 25 min (interquartile range: 20-32 min). Concurrent associations with other measures of early adversity (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form) and interpersonal stress (Revised Peer Experiences Questionnaire) were very good (rs = .50-.59). In analyses that adjusted for participants' age, sex, and race, the STRAIN was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and anhedonia severity; general mental and physical health complaints; risky behavior engagement; and number of interviewer-based psychiatric diagnoses (betas = .16-.52; risk ratios = 1.006-1.014). Contrary to classic theories of stress which assume that different stressors exert similar effects on health, substantial differences were observed across the two stressor types, twelve life domains, and five core social-psychological characteristics assessed by the Adolescent STRAIN. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm the relevance of lifetime stress exposure for multiple health outcomes in adolescence, which can in turn inform existing theories of lifespan health. Because stress is a common presenting problem in hospitals and clinics, these data also suggest the possibility of using the Adolescent STRAIN to generate stress exposure profiles for case conceptualization and treatment planning purposes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13038 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] The Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adolescents (Adolescent STRAIN): associations with mental and physical health, risky behaviors, and psychiatric diagnoses in youth seeking treatment [texte imprimé] / G. M. SLAVICH, Auteur ; J. G. STEWART, Auteur ; Erika C. ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Grant S. SHIELDS, Auteur ; Randy P. AUERBACH, Auteur . - p.998-1009. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-9 (September 2019) . - p.998-1009 Mots-clés : Life stress  adolescence  assessment  health  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Numerous theories have posited that stressors occurring over the lifespan may exert a cumulative effect on psychological and biological processes that increase individuals' risk for a variety of mental and physical health problems. Given the difficulty associated with assessing lifetime stress exposure, however, few empirical studies have directly tested these cumulative risk models of psychopathology and human health. METHOD: To address this issue, we examined the usability, acceptability, concurrent validity, and predictive validity of the recently developed Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adolescents (Adolescent STRAIN) in 338 youth (Mage = 15.64; 229 females) seeking mental health treatment. RESULTS: The Adolescent STRAIN achieved high acceptability and was completed in approximately 25 min (interquartile range: 20-32 min). Concurrent associations with other measures of early adversity (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form) and interpersonal stress (Revised Peer Experiences Questionnaire) were very good (rs = .50-.59). In analyses that adjusted for participants' age, sex, and race, the STRAIN was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and anhedonia severity; general mental and physical health complaints; risky behavior engagement; and number of interviewer-based psychiatric diagnoses (betas = .16-.52; risk ratios = 1.006-1.014). Contrary to classic theories of stress which assume that different stressors exert similar effects on health, substantial differences were observed across the two stressor types, twelve life domains, and five core social-psychological characteristics assessed by the Adolescent STRAIN. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm the relevance of lifetime stress exposure for multiple health outcomes in adolescence, which can in turn inform existing theories of lifespan health. Because stress is a common presenting problem in hospitals and clinics, these data also suggest the possibility of using the Adolescent STRAIN to generate stress exposure profiles for case conceptualization and treatment planning purposes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13038 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

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