A longitudinal study of cognitive predictors of (complex) post-traumatic stress in young people in out-of-home care / Rachel M. HILLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-1 (January 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-1 (January 2021) . - p.48-57 Titre : A longitudinal study of cognitive predictors of (complex) post-traumatic stress in young people in out-of-home care Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel M. HILLER, Auteur ; Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Rosie BANTING, Auteur ; Sarah L. HALLIGAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.48-57 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child maltreatment  Ptsd  complex PTSD  complex trauma  developmental trauma  foster care  looked-after children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Young people in out-of-home care are substantially more likely to meet criteria for PTSD than their peers, while their early maltreatment exposure may also place them at greater risk of developing the newly proposed complex PTSD. Yet, there remains limited empirical evidence for the mechanisms that might drive either PTSD or complex features in this group, and ongoing debate about the suitability of existing cognitive behavioural models and their related NICE-recommended treatments. In a prospective study of young people in out-of-home care, we sought to identify demographic and cognitive processes that may contribute to the maintenance of both PTSD symptom and complex features. METHODS: We assessed 120 10- to 18-year-olds in out-of-home care and their primary carer at two assessments: an initial assessment and 12-month follow-up. Participants completed questionnaires on trauma history, PTSD symptoms and complex features, while young people only also self-reported on trauma-related (a) maladaptive appraisals, (b) memory quality and (c) coping. Social workers reported on maltreatment severity. RESULTS: Young people's maltreatment severity was not a robust predictor of either PTSD symptoms or complex features. All three cognitive processes were moderately-to-strongly correlated with baseline and 12-month PTSD symptoms and complex features, with maladaptive appraisals the most robust unique driver of both, even when controlling for initial PTSD symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS: Existing cognitive models of PTSD are applicable in this more complex sample of young people. The model was also found to be applicable to the additional features of complex PTSD, with the same processes driving both outcomes at both time points. Clinical implications are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13232 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=435 [article] A longitudinal study of cognitive predictors of (complex) post-traumatic stress in young people in out-of-home care [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel M. HILLER, Auteur ; Richard MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Rosie BANTING, Auteur ; Sarah L. HALLIGAN, Auteur . - p.48-57. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-1 (January 2021) . - p.48-57 Mots-clés : Child maltreatment  Ptsd  complex PTSD  complex trauma  developmental trauma  foster care  looked-after children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Young people in out-of-home care are substantially more likely to meet criteria for PTSD than their peers, while their early maltreatment exposure may also place them at greater risk of developing the newly proposed complex PTSD. Yet, there remains limited empirical evidence for the mechanisms that might drive either PTSD or complex features in this group, and ongoing debate about the suitability of existing cognitive behavioural models and their related NICE-recommended treatments. In a prospective study of young people in out-of-home care, we sought to identify demographic and cognitive processes that may contribute to the maintenance of both PTSD symptom and complex features. METHODS: We assessed 120 10- to 18-year-olds in out-of-home care and their primary carer at two assessments: an initial assessment and 12-month follow-up. Participants completed questionnaires on trauma history, PTSD symptoms and complex features, while young people only also self-reported on trauma-related (a) maladaptive appraisals, (b) memory quality and (c) coping. Social workers reported on maltreatment severity. RESULTS: Young people's maltreatment severity was not a robust predictor of either PTSD symptoms or complex features. All three cognitive processes were moderately-to-strongly correlated with baseline and 12-month PTSD symptoms and complex features, with maladaptive appraisals the most robust unique driver of both, even when controlling for initial PTSD symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS: Existing cognitive models of PTSD are applicable in this more complex sample of young people. The model was also found to be applicable to the additional features of complex PTSD, with the same processes driving both outcomes at both time points. Clinical implications are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13232 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=435

The influence of early familial adversity on adolescent risk behaviors and mental health: Stability and transition in family adversity profiles in a cohort sample / Ruth WADMAN in Development and Psychopathology, 32-2 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 32-2 (May 2020) . - p.437-454 Titre : The influence of early familial adversity on adolescent risk behaviors and mental health: Stability and transition in family adversity profiles in a cohort sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ruth WADMAN, Auteur ; Rachel M. HILLER, Auteur ; Michelle C. ST CLAIR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.437-454 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence  early adversity  longitudinal cohort  mental health  victimization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although familial adversity is associated with poorer outcomes in childhood and adulthood, little research has looked at the influence of stability or transition between distinct familial adversity subgroups or the impact in adolescence. Using data from the 9-month, 3-, 5-, and 14-year time waves of the Millennium Cohort Study (n > 18,000), we used latent class analysis to identify distinct classes of early familial adversity (marital instability/conflict, "suboptimal" parenting, economic disadvantage, and parental mental health problems) and the impact of these adversity classes on adolescent (a) mental health (including self-harm), (b) risk taking, (c) criminality, and (d) victimization. Four profiles were identified largely differing on economic hardship, family composition, and parental conflict. Across the first three time points, 72% of the sample remained stable, with the remainder transitioning between classes. Adolescents in the higher risk groups (particularly categorized by economic hardship or high parental conflict) had poorer outcomes in adolescence. Transitioning to a higher adversity group at any time in the first 5 years was associated with poorer outcomes but was particularly pronounced when the transition occurred when the child was under 3 years. These findings demonstrate the broad consequences of early familial adversity and the need for targeted early support for at-risk families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419000191 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426 [article] The influence of early familial adversity on adolescent risk behaviors and mental health: Stability and transition in family adversity profiles in a cohort sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ruth WADMAN, Auteur ; Rachel M. HILLER, Auteur ; Michelle C. ST CLAIR, Auteur . - p.437-454. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 32-2 (May 2020) . - p.437-454 Mots-clés : adolescence  early adversity  longitudinal cohort  mental health  victimization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although familial adversity is associated with poorer outcomes in childhood and adulthood, little research has looked at the influence of stability or transition between distinct familial adversity subgroups or the impact in adolescence. Using data from the 9-month, 3-, 5-, and 14-year time waves of the Millennium Cohort Study (n > 18,000), we used latent class analysis to identify distinct classes of early familial adversity (marital instability/conflict, "suboptimal" parenting, economic disadvantage, and parental mental health problems) and the impact of these adversity classes on adolescent (a) mental health (including self-harm), (b) risk taking, (c) criminality, and (d) victimization. Four profiles were identified largely differing on economic hardship, family composition, and parental conflict. Across the first three time points, 72% of the sample remained stable, with the remainder transitioning between classes. Adolescents in the higher risk groups (particularly categorized by economic hardship or high parental conflict) had poorer outcomes in adolescence. Transitioning to a higher adversity group at any time in the first 5 years was associated with poorer outcomes but was particularly pronounced when the transition occurred when the child was under 3 years. These findings demonstrate the broad consequences of early familial adversity and the need for targeted early support for at-risk families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419000191 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426

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