Centre d'Information et de documentation du CRA Rhône-Alpes
CRA
Informations pratiques
-
Adresse
Centre d'information et de documentation
du CRA Rhône-Alpes
Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier
bât 211
95, Bd Pinel
69678 Bron CedexHoraires
Lundi au Vendredi
9h00-12h00 13h30-16h00Contact
Tél: +33(0)4 37 91 54 65
Mail
Fax: +33(0)4 37 91 54 37
-
Détail de l'auteur
Auteur Pauline MAES |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (2)
Faire une suggestion Affiner la recherche
Describing (pre)linguistic oral productions in 3- to 5-year-old autistic children: A cluster analysis / Pauline MAES in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)
[article]
Titre : Describing (pre)linguistic oral productions in 3- to 5-year-old autistic children: A cluster analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Pauline MAES, Auteur ; Marielle WEYLAND, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.967-982 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder,cluster analysis,expressive language,minimally speaking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In many autistic children, speech onset is delayed and expressive language emerges after 3 years of age. We qualitatively and quantitatively describe oral productions of autistic preschoolers, including many non- or minimally speaking, recorded during interactions with a caregiver and with an experimenter. Data clustering on manually coded oral production samples indicates five validated linguistic profiles of oral production in this diverse and inclusive sample (n=59) of 3- to 5-year-old autistic children with highly variable expressive language abilities. These profiles are then compared on a series of demographic (age, socioeconomic status) and psychometric (autism severity, nonverbal and verbal IQ) measures, as well as on additional measures of language (expressive vocabulary, phonetic inventories). Two clusters are composed of speaking autistic children, while the three others comprise non- or minimally speaking children with qualitatively different patterns of vocal productions. The five-profile division suggests that traditional binary division of speaking vs nonspeaking children does not do justice to the complexity of early expressive language in autism.Lay abstractFor most autistic children, spoken language emergence and development happen after the age of 3. Once they start developing and using spoken language, some eventually manage to reach typical levels of language abilities, while others remain minimally speaking into adulthood. It is therefore difficult to consider young autistic preschoolers as a homogeneous group in terms of spoken language levels. In our study, we breakdown a representative and inclusive group of children on the spectrum aged from 3 to 5 into five subgroups that correspond to different linguistic profiles. To do so, we qualitatively described children?s (pre)verbal productions elicited during interactions with a parent and with an experimenter. We then used a type of statistical analysis called cluster analysis to group together the children that had a similar expressive (pre)linguistic behavior. Using this analysis, we were able to delineate five linguistic profiles with qualitatively different patterns of vocal production. Two of these profiles are composed of speaking children; the three others are composed of non- or minimally speaking children. Our findings show that traditional binary division of speaking versus nonspeaking autistic children is not precise enough to describe the heterogeneity of early spoken language in young autistic children. They also support the use of qualitative descriptions of vocal productions and speech to accurately document children?s level of language, which could, in turn, help design very finely tailored language intervention specific to each child. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221122663 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499
in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.967-982[article] Describing (pre)linguistic oral productions in 3- to 5-year-old autistic children: A cluster analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Pauline MAES, Auteur ; Marielle WEYLAND, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur . - p.967-982.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.967-982
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder,cluster analysis,expressive language,minimally speaking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In many autistic children, speech onset is delayed and expressive language emerges after 3 years of age. We qualitatively and quantitatively describe oral productions of autistic preschoolers, including many non- or minimally speaking, recorded during interactions with a caregiver and with an experimenter. Data clustering on manually coded oral production samples indicates five validated linguistic profiles of oral production in this diverse and inclusive sample (n=59) of 3- to 5-year-old autistic children with highly variable expressive language abilities. These profiles are then compared on a series of demographic (age, socioeconomic status) and psychometric (autism severity, nonverbal and verbal IQ) measures, as well as on additional measures of language (expressive vocabulary, phonetic inventories). Two clusters are composed of speaking autistic children, while the three others comprise non- or minimally speaking children with qualitatively different patterns of vocal productions. The five-profile division suggests that traditional binary division of speaking vs nonspeaking children does not do justice to the complexity of early expressive language in autism.Lay abstractFor most autistic children, spoken language emergence and development happen after the age of 3. Once they start developing and using spoken language, some eventually manage to reach typical levels of language abilities, while others remain minimally speaking into adulthood. It is therefore difficult to consider young autistic preschoolers as a homogeneous group in terms of spoken language levels. In our study, we breakdown a representative and inclusive group of children on the spectrum aged from 3 to 5 into five subgroups that correspond to different linguistic profiles. To do so, we qualitatively described children?s (pre)verbal productions elicited during interactions with a parent and with an experimenter. We then used a type of statistical analysis called cluster analysis to group together the children that had a similar expressive (pre)linguistic behavior. Using this analysis, we were able to delineate five linguistic profiles with qualitatively different patterns of vocal production. Two of these profiles are composed of speaking children; the three others are composed of non- or minimally speaking children. Our findings show that traditional binary division of speaking versus nonspeaking autistic children is not precise enough to describe the heterogeneity of early spoken language in young autistic children. They also support the use of qualitative descriptions of vocal productions and speech to accurately document children?s level of language, which could, in turn, help design very finely tailored language intervention specific to each child. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221122663 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 No preference for direct versus averted gaze in autistic adults: a reinforced preferential looking paradigm / Elise CLIN in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)
[article]
Titre : No preference for direct versus averted gaze in autistic adults: a reinforced preferential looking paradigm Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elise CLIN, Auteur ; Pauline MAES, Auteur ; Fanny STERCQ, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults Alexithymia Autism Eye gaze direction Eye-tracking Gender Reinforced preferential looking paradigm Social anxiety Social attention or publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: With the overarching objective to gain better insights into social attention in autistic adults, the present study addresses three outstanding issues about face processing in autism. First, do autistic adults display a preference for mouths over eyes; second, do they avoid direct gaze; third, is atypical visual exploration of faces in autism mediated by gender, social anxiety or alexithymia? METHODS: We used a novel reinforced preferential looking paradigm with a group of autistic adults (n?=?43, 23 women) pairwise matched on age with neurotypical participants (n?=?43, 21 women). Participants watched 28 different pairs of 5 s video recordings of a speaking person: the two videos, simultaneously displayed on the screen, were identical except that gaze was directed at the camera in one video and averted in the other. After a 680 ms transition phase, a short reinforcement animation appeared on the side that had displayed the direct gaze. RESULTS: None of the groups showed a preference for mouths over eyes. However, neurotypical participants fixated significantly more the stimuli with direct gaze, while no such preference emerged in autistic participants. As the experiment progressed, neurotypical participants also increasingly anticipated the appearance of the reinforcement, based on the location of the stimulus with the direct gaze, while no such anticipation emerged in autistic participants. LIMITATIONS: Our autistic participants scored higher on the social anxiety and alexithymia questionnaires than neurotypicals. Future studies should match neurotypical and autistic participants on social anxiety and alexithymia and complement questionnaires with physiological measures of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of preference for direct versus averted gaze in the autistic group is probably due to difficulties in distinguishing eye gaze direction, potentially linked to a reduced spontaneous exploration or avoidance of the eye region. Social attention and preference for direct versus averted gaze correlated with alexithymia and social anxiety scores, but not gender. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00398-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=438
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020)[article] No preference for direct versus averted gaze in autistic adults: a reinforced preferential looking paradigm [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elise CLIN, Auteur ; Pauline MAES, Auteur ; Fanny STERCQ, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020)
Mots-clés : Adults Alexithymia Autism Eye gaze direction Eye-tracking Gender Reinforced preferential looking paradigm Social anxiety Social attention or publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: With the overarching objective to gain better insights into social attention in autistic adults, the present study addresses three outstanding issues about face processing in autism. First, do autistic adults display a preference for mouths over eyes; second, do they avoid direct gaze; third, is atypical visual exploration of faces in autism mediated by gender, social anxiety or alexithymia? METHODS: We used a novel reinforced preferential looking paradigm with a group of autistic adults (n?=?43, 23 women) pairwise matched on age with neurotypical participants (n?=?43, 21 women). Participants watched 28 different pairs of 5 s video recordings of a speaking person: the two videos, simultaneously displayed on the screen, were identical except that gaze was directed at the camera in one video and averted in the other. After a 680 ms transition phase, a short reinforcement animation appeared on the side that had displayed the direct gaze. RESULTS: None of the groups showed a preference for mouths over eyes. However, neurotypical participants fixated significantly more the stimuli with direct gaze, while no such preference emerged in autistic participants. As the experiment progressed, neurotypical participants also increasingly anticipated the appearance of the reinforcement, based on the location of the stimulus with the direct gaze, while no such anticipation emerged in autistic participants. LIMITATIONS: Our autistic participants scored higher on the social anxiety and alexithymia questionnaires than neurotypicals. Future studies should match neurotypical and autistic participants on social anxiety and alexithymia and complement questionnaires with physiological measures of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of preference for direct versus averted gaze in the autistic group is probably due to difficulties in distinguishing eye gaze direction, potentially linked to a reduced spontaneous exploration or avoidance of the eye region. Social attention and preference for direct versus averted gaze correlated with alexithymia and social anxiety scores, but not gender. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00398-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=438