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Effects of oxytocin administration on salivary sex hormone levels in autistic and neurotypical women / Tanya L. PROCYSHYN in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)
[article]
Titre : Effects of oxytocin administration on salivary sex hormone levels in autistic and neurotypical women Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tanya L. PROCYSHYN, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Sarah K. CROCKFORD, Auteur ; J. DEAKIN, Auteur ; S. SOUBRAMANIAN, Auteur ; A. SULE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Richard A. I. BETHLEHEM, Auteur Article en page(s) : 20 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Autistic women Oestradiol Oxytocin Salivary hormone levels Sex steroids Testosterone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Oxytocin administration, which may be of therapeutic value for individuals with social difficulties, is likely to affect endogenous levels of other socially relevant hormones. However, to date, the effects of oxytocin administration on endogenous hormones have only been examined in neurotypical individuals. The need to consider multi-hormone interactions is particularly warranted in oxytocin trials for autism due to evidence of irregularities in both oxytocin and sex steroid systems. METHODS: In this double-blind cross-over study, saliva samples were collected from 16 autistic and 29 neurotypical women before and after intranasal administration of 24?IU oxytocin or placebo. Oestradiol, testosterone, and oxytocin levels were quantified in saliva samples. Participants also completed the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and Empathy Quotient (EQ) questionnaires. RESULTS: Distinct patterns of change in testosterone and oestradiol levels pre- to-post-administration were observed in autistic relative to neurotypical women (ANCOVA, p < 0.05 main effect of Group), controlling for sample collection time. The mean percent change oestradiol was + 8.8% for the autism group and - 13.0% for the neurotypical group (t = 1.81, p = 0.08), while the mean percent change testosterone was + 1.1% in the autism group and - 12.6% in the neurotypical group (t = 1.26, p = 0.22). In the oxytocin condition, the mean percent change oestradiol was + 12.6% in the autism group and - 6.9% in the neurotypical group (t = 1.78, p = 0.08), while the mean percent change testosterone was + 14.4% in the autism group and - 15.2% in the neurotypical group (t = 3.00, p = 0.006). Robust regression confirmed that group differences in percent change hormone levels were not driven by a small number of influential individuals. Baseline hormone levels did not differ between groups when considered individually. However, baseline testosterone relative to oestradiol (T:E2 ratio) was higher in autistic women (p = 0.023, Cohen's d = 0.63), and this ratio correlated positively and negatively with AQ and EQ scores, respectively, in the combined sample. LIMITATIONS: Further studies with larger and more diverse autistic sample are warranted to confirm these effects. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first evidence that oxytocin influences endogenous testosterone levels in autistic individuals, with autistic women showing increases similar to previous reports of neurotypical men. These findings highlight the need to consider sex steroid hormones as a variable in future oxytocin trials. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00326-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 20 p.[article] Effects of oxytocin administration on salivary sex hormone levels in autistic and neurotypical women [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tanya L. PROCYSHYN, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Bonnie AUYEUNG, Auteur ; Sarah K. CROCKFORD, Auteur ; J. DEAKIN, Auteur ; S. SOUBRAMANIAN, Auteur ; A. SULE, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Richard A. I. BETHLEHEM, Auteur . - 20 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 20 p.
Mots-clés : Autism Autistic women Oestradiol Oxytocin Salivary hormone levels Sex steroids Testosterone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Oxytocin administration, which may be of therapeutic value for individuals with social difficulties, is likely to affect endogenous levels of other socially relevant hormones. However, to date, the effects of oxytocin administration on endogenous hormones have only been examined in neurotypical individuals. The need to consider multi-hormone interactions is particularly warranted in oxytocin trials for autism due to evidence of irregularities in both oxytocin and sex steroid systems. METHODS: In this double-blind cross-over study, saliva samples were collected from 16 autistic and 29 neurotypical women before and after intranasal administration of 24?IU oxytocin or placebo. Oestradiol, testosterone, and oxytocin levels were quantified in saliva samples. Participants also completed the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and Empathy Quotient (EQ) questionnaires. RESULTS: Distinct patterns of change in testosterone and oestradiol levels pre- to-post-administration were observed in autistic relative to neurotypical women (ANCOVA, p < 0.05 main effect of Group), controlling for sample collection time. The mean percent change oestradiol was + 8.8% for the autism group and - 13.0% for the neurotypical group (t = 1.81, p = 0.08), while the mean percent change testosterone was + 1.1% in the autism group and - 12.6% in the neurotypical group (t = 1.26, p = 0.22). In the oxytocin condition, the mean percent change oestradiol was + 12.6% in the autism group and - 6.9% in the neurotypical group (t = 1.78, p = 0.08), while the mean percent change testosterone was + 14.4% in the autism group and - 15.2% in the neurotypical group (t = 3.00, p = 0.006). Robust regression confirmed that group differences in percent change hormone levels were not driven by a small number of influential individuals. Baseline hormone levels did not differ between groups when considered individually. However, baseline testosterone relative to oestradiol (T:E2 ratio) was higher in autistic women (p = 0.023, Cohen's d = 0.63), and this ratio correlated positively and negatively with AQ and EQ scores, respectively, in the combined sample. LIMITATIONS: Further studies with larger and more diverse autistic sample are warranted to confirm these effects. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first evidence that oxytocin influences endogenous testosterone levels in autistic individuals, with autistic women showing increases similar to previous reports of neurotypical men. These findings highlight the need to consider sex steroid hormones as a variable in future oxytocin trials. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00326-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 The perinatal androgen to estrogen ratio and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study / E. S. JAMNADASS in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)
[article]
Titre : The perinatal androgen to estrogen ratio and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. S. JAMNADASS, Auteur ; J. A. KEELAN, Auteur ; L. P. HOLLIER, Auteur ; M. HICKEY, Auteur ; M. T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.17 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Androgens Autism-Spectrum Quotient Autistic-like traits Cord blood Estrogens Perinatal Sex steroids Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal androgen exposure has been hypothesized to be linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While previous studies have found a link between testosterone levels in amniotic fluid and autistic-like traits, a similar relationship has not been found for testosterone in umbilical cord blood. However, it may be the net biological activity of multiple androgens and estrogens that influences postnatal effects of prenatal sex steroids. Accordingly, composite levels of androgens (A) and estrogens (E) were investigated, along with their ratio, in relation to autistic-like traits in young adulthood. METHODS: Sex steroid data in umbilical cord blood were available from 860 individuals at delivery. Samples were analyzed for androgens (testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone) and estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol). Levels of bioavailable testosterone, estradiol, and estrone were measured and used to calculate A and E composites and the A to E ratio. Participants were approached in early adulthood to complete the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ) as a self-report measure of autistic-like traits, with 183 males (M = 20.10 years, SD = 0.65 years) and 189 females (M =19.92 years, SD = 0.68 years) providing data. RESULTS: Males exhibited significantly higher androgen composites and A to E composite ratios than females. Males also scored significantly higher on the details/patterns subscale of the AQ. Subsequent categorical and continuous analyses, which accounted for covariates, revealed no substantial relationships between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio and the AQ total or subscale scores. CONCLUSIONS: The current study found no link between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio in cord blood and autistic-like traits in the population as measured by the AQ. These outcomes do not exclude the possibility that these sex steroid variables may predict other neurodevelopmental traits in early development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9114-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.17[article] The perinatal androgen to estrogen ratio and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. S. JAMNADASS, Auteur ; J. A. KEELAN, Auteur ; L. P. HOLLIER, Auteur ; M. HICKEY, Auteur ; M. T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.17.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.17
Mots-clés : Androgens Autism-Spectrum Quotient Autistic-like traits Cord blood Estrogens Perinatal Sex steroids Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal androgen exposure has been hypothesized to be linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While previous studies have found a link between testosterone levels in amniotic fluid and autistic-like traits, a similar relationship has not been found for testosterone in umbilical cord blood. However, it may be the net biological activity of multiple androgens and estrogens that influences postnatal effects of prenatal sex steroids. Accordingly, composite levels of androgens (A) and estrogens (E) were investigated, along with their ratio, in relation to autistic-like traits in young adulthood. METHODS: Sex steroid data in umbilical cord blood were available from 860 individuals at delivery. Samples were analyzed for androgens (testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone) and estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol). Levels of bioavailable testosterone, estradiol, and estrone were measured and used to calculate A and E composites and the A to E ratio. Participants were approached in early adulthood to complete the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ) as a self-report measure of autistic-like traits, with 183 males (M = 20.10 years, SD = 0.65 years) and 189 females (M =19.92 years, SD = 0.68 years) providing data. RESULTS: Males exhibited significantly higher androgen composites and A to E composite ratios than females. Males also scored significantly higher on the details/patterns subscale of the AQ. Subsequent categorical and continuous analyses, which accounted for covariates, revealed no substantial relationships between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio and the AQ total or subscale scores. CONCLUSIONS: The current study found no link between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio in cord blood and autistic-like traits in the population as measured by the AQ. These outcomes do not exclude the possibility that these sex steroid variables may predict other neurodevelopmental traits in early development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9114-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347