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Judgements about Emotional Events in Children and Adolescents with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Controls / Tim DALGLEISH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41-8 (November 2000)
[article]
Titre : Judgements about Emotional Events in Children and Adolescents with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Controls Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; Ali MORADI, Auteur ; Reza TAGHAVI, Auteur ; Hamid NESHAT-DOOST, Auteur ; William YULE, Auteur ; Rachel CANTERBURY, Auteur Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : p.981-988 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : PTSD probability estimates inhibition anxiety judgement cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research with clinically anxious adults has revealed that they estimate future negative events as far more likely to occur, relative to healthy controls. In addition, anxious adults estimate that such events are more likely to happen to themselves than to others. Previous research with anxious children and adolescents, in contrast, has revealed no increased probability estimates for negative events, relative to controls, and the events were rated as more likely to happen to others than to the self. The present study followed up these discrepant findings by investigating probability judgements concerning future negative events generated by children and adolescents who had actually experienced an extreme negative event and who met criteria for a diagnosis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Control groups comprised a group of healthy participants, and a group of healthy participants whose parents had experienced a trauma and who met criteria for PTSD. The results revealed no overall differences between the clinical group and the controls. However, children and adolescents with PTSD estimated all negative events as significantly more likely to happen to others than to themselves, with this other-referent bias being strongest for events matched to their trauma. In contrast, the two control groups exhibited an other-referent bias for physically threatening events but not for socially threatening ones. Developmental analyses indicated that the strength of the relationship between anxiety and elevated judgements about future negative events declined with age in the control participants but that there was no significant relationship in the groups who had been exposed to trauma. The findings are discussed in the context of the literature on information processing biases and PTSD. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-8 (November 2000) . - p.981-988[article] Judgements about Emotional Events in Children and Adolescents with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Controls [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tim DALGLEISH, Auteur ; Ali MORADI, Auteur ; Reza TAGHAVI, Auteur ; Hamid NESHAT-DOOST, Auteur ; William YULE, Auteur ; Rachel CANTERBURY, Auteur . - 2000 . - p.981-988.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-8 (November 2000) . - p.981-988
Mots-clés : PTSD probability estimates inhibition anxiety judgement cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research with clinically anxious adults has revealed that they estimate future negative events as far more likely to occur, relative to healthy controls. In addition, anxious adults estimate that such events are more likely to happen to themselves than to others. Previous research with anxious children and adolescents, in contrast, has revealed no increased probability estimates for negative events, relative to controls, and the events were rated as more likely to happen to others than to the self. The present study followed up these discrepant findings by investigating probability judgements concerning future negative events generated by children and adolescents who had actually experienced an extreme negative event and who met criteria for a diagnosis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Control groups comprised a group of healthy participants, and a group of healthy participants whose parents had experienced a trauma and who met criteria for PTSD. The results revealed no overall differences between the clinical group and the controls. However, children and adolescents with PTSD estimated all negative events as significantly more likely to happen to others than to themselves, with this other-referent bias being strongest for events matched to their trauma. In contrast, the two control groups exhibited an other-referent bias for physically threatening events but not for socially threatening ones. Developmental analyses indicated that the strength of the relationship between anxiety and elevated judgements about future negative events declined with age in the control participants but that there was no significant relationship in the groups who had been exposed to trauma. The findings are discussed in the context of the literature on information processing biases and PTSD. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125 Characteristics of the Subject and Interview Influencing the Test-Retest Reliability of the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised / Rosario GRANERO PÉREZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39-7 (October 1998)
[article]
Titre : Characteristics of the Subject and Interview Influencing the Test-Retest Reliability of the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rosario GRANERO PÉREZ, Auteur ; Lourdes EZPELETA, Auteur ; José M. DOMÉNECH MASSONS, Auteur ; Nuria DE LA OSA CHAPARRO, Auteur Année de publication : 1998 Article en page(s) : p.963-972 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Test-retest reliability content judgement time concepts structured diagnostic interview Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised (DICA-R) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper reviews some of the characteristics of the informants as well as some of the attributes of the DICA-R interview that could influence the test-retest reliability in a sample of 109 psychiatric outpatients aged 7–17 years. Different regression models using reliability coefficients constructed from the kappa statistic were obtained. Of those characteristics evaluated in the children, a high level of psychological impairment proved to be significant when it came to predicting the lowest test-retest reliability of the answers; none of the subject-related characteristics were significant in the adolescent patient model. The attributes of the questions that proved to be significant when explaining the lower reliability obtained for the individual question in the children's model were the length of the questions (longest questions), the content (internalising), the presence of time concepts, comparison with the peer group, and the need to exercise judgement; in the adolescents' model, the significant attributes were found to be the internalising content, the presence of time concepts, evaluation concerning the impairment caused by the disorder, and the need to exercise judgement. In the group of children our results are in accordance with the original paper. Similar results were found with adolescents. These findings have implications for the development and revision of new interview schedules. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=123
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 39-7 (October 1998) . - p.963-972[article] Characteristics of the Subject and Interview Influencing the Test-Retest Reliability of the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rosario GRANERO PÉREZ, Auteur ; Lourdes EZPELETA, Auteur ; José M. DOMÉNECH MASSONS, Auteur ; Nuria DE LA OSA CHAPARRO, Auteur . - 1998 . - p.963-972.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 39-7 (October 1998) . - p.963-972
Mots-clés : Test-retest reliability content judgement time concepts structured diagnostic interview Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised (DICA-R) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper reviews some of the characteristics of the informants as well as some of the attributes of the DICA-R interview that could influence the test-retest reliability in a sample of 109 psychiatric outpatients aged 7–17 years. Different regression models using reliability coefficients constructed from the kappa statistic were obtained. Of those characteristics evaluated in the children, a high level of psychological impairment proved to be significant when it came to predicting the lowest test-retest reliability of the answers; none of the subject-related characteristics were significant in the adolescent patient model. The attributes of the questions that proved to be significant when explaining the lower reliability obtained for the individual question in the children's model were the length of the questions (longest questions), the content (internalising), the presence of time concepts, comparison with the peer group, and the need to exercise judgement; in the adolescents' model, the significant attributes were found to be the internalising content, the presence of time concepts, evaluation concerning the impairment caused by the disorder, and the need to exercise judgement. In the group of children our results are in accordance with the original paper. Similar results were found with adolescents. These findings have implications for the development and revision of new interview schedules. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=123