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Intact counterfactual emotion processing in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from eye-tracking / J. BLACK in Autism Research, 12-3 (March 2019)
[article]
Titre : Intact counterfactual emotion processing in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from eye-tracking Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; H. FERGUSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.422-444 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anomaly detection autism spectrum disorder counterfactual emotions eye-tracking reading regret relief Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Counterfactual emotions, such as regret and relief, require an awareness of how things could have been different. We report a preregistered experiment that examines how adults with and without ASD process counterfactual emotions in real-time, based on research showing that the developmental trajectory of counterfactual thinking may be disrupted in people with ASD. Participants were eye-tracked as they read narratives in which a character made an explicit decision then subsequently experienced either a mildly negative or positive outcome. The final sentence in each story included an explicit remark about the character's mood that was either consistent or inconsistent with the character's expected feelings of regret or relief (e.g., "... she feels happy/annoyed about her decision."). Results showed that adults with ASD are unimpaired in processing emotions based on counterfactual reasoning, and in fact showed earlier sensitivity to inconsistencies within relief contexts compared to TD participants. This finding highlights a previously unknown strength in empathy and emotion processing in adults with ASD, which may have been masked in previous research that has typically relied on explicit, response-based measures to record emotional inferences, which are likely to be susceptible to demand characteristics and response biases. Therefore, this study highlights the value of employing implicit measures that provide insights on peoples' immediate responses to emotional content without disrupting ongoing processing. Autism Res 2019, 12: 422-444 (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Despite known difficulties with empathy and perspective-taking, we found that adults with autism are unimpaired at inferring complex emotions (regret and relief) in others. This finding extends existing evidence showing dysfunctional counterfactual thinking in children with autism. We highlight the value of using implicit measures to identify strengths and abilities in ASD that may be masked by explicit tasks that require participants to interact socially or report their own thoughts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387
in Autism Research > 12-3 (March 2019) . - p.422-444[article] Intact counterfactual emotion processing in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from eye-tracking [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. BLACK, Auteur ; Mahsa BARZY, Auteur ; D. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; H. FERGUSON, Auteur . - p.422-444.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 12-3 (March 2019) . - p.422-444
Mots-clés : anomaly detection autism spectrum disorder counterfactual emotions eye-tracking reading regret relief Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Counterfactual emotions, such as regret and relief, require an awareness of how things could have been different. We report a preregistered experiment that examines how adults with and without ASD process counterfactual emotions in real-time, based on research showing that the developmental trajectory of counterfactual thinking may be disrupted in people with ASD. Participants were eye-tracked as they read narratives in which a character made an explicit decision then subsequently experienced either a mildly negative or positive outcome. The final sentence in each story included an explicit remark about the character's mood that was either consistent or inconsistent with the character's expected feelings of regret or relief (e.g., "... she feels happy/annoyed about her decision."). Results showed that adults with ASD are unimpaired in processing emotions based on counterfactual reasoning, and in fact showed earlier sensitivity to inconsistencies within relief contexts compared to TD participants. This finding highlights a previously unknown strength in empathy and emotion processing in adults with ASD, which may have been masked in previous research that has typically relied on explicit, response-based measures to record emotional inferences, which are likely to be susceptible to demand characteristics and response biases. Therefore, this study highlights the value of employing implicit measures that provide insights on peoples' immediate responses to emotional content without disrupting ongoing processing. Autism Res 2019, 12: 422-444 (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Despite known difficulties with empathy and perspective-taking, we found that adults with autism are unimpaired at inferring complex emotions (regret and relief) in others. This finding extends existing evidence showing dysfunctional counterfactual thinking in children with autism. We highlight the value of using implicit measures to identify strengths and abilities in ASD that may be masked by explicit tasks that require participants to interact socially or report their own thoughts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2056 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 Understanding of emotions based on counterfactual reasoning in children with autism spectrum disorders / Sander BEGEER in Autism, 18-3 (April 2014)
[article]
Titre : Understanding of emotions based on counterfactual reasoning in children with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Marc DE ROSNAY, Auteur ; Patty LUNENBURG, Auteur ; Hedy STEGGE, Auteur ; Mark Meerum TERWOGT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.301-310 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism counterfactual downward emotion regret relief upward Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The understanding of emotions based on counterfactual reasoning was studied in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (n = 71) and in typically developing children (n = 71), aged 6–12 years. Children were presented with eight stories about two protagonists who experienced the same positive or negative outcome, either due to their own action or by default. Relative to the comparison group, children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder were poor at explaining emotions based on downward counterfactual reasoning (i.e. contentment and relief). There were no group differences in upward counterfactual reasoning (i.e. disappointment and regret). In the comparison group, second-order false-belief reasoning was related to children’s understanding of second-order counterfactual emotions (i.e. regret and relief), while children in the high-functioning autism spectrum disorder group relied more on their general intellectual skills. Results are discussed in terms of the different functions of counterfactual reasoning about emotion and the cognitive style of children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312468798 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=229
in Autism > 18-3 (April 2014) . - p.301-310[article] Understanding of emotions based on counterfactual reasoning in children with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Marc DE ROSNAY, Auteur ; Patty LUNENBURG, Auteur ; Hedy STEGGE, Auteur ; Mark Meerum TERWOGT, Auteur . - p.301-310.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 18-3 (April 2014) . - p.301-310
Mots-clés : autism counterfactual downward emotion regret relief upward Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The understanding of emotions based on counterfactual reasoning was studied in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (n = 71) and in typically developing children (n = 71), aged 6–12 years. Children were presented with eight stories about two protagonists who experienced the same positive or negative outcome, either due to their own action or by default. Relative to the comparison group, children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder were poor at explaining emotions based on downward counterfactual reasoning (i.e. contentment and relief). There were no group differences in upward counterfactual reasoning (i.e. disappointment and regret). In the comparison group, second-order false-belief reasoning was related to children’s understanding of second-order counterfactual emotions (i.e. regret and relief), while children in the high-functioning autism spectrum disorder group relied more on their general intellectual skills. Results are discussed in terms of the different functions of counterfactual reasoning about emotion and the cognitive style of children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361312468798 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=229