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Auteur Patrick BOLTON |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (34)
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Response time variability under slow and fast-incentive conditions in children with ASD, ADHD and ASD+ADHD / Charlotte TYE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-12 (December 2016)
[article]
Titre : Response time variability under slow and fast-incentive conditions in children with ASD, ADHD and ASD+ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Charlotte TYE, Auteur ; Katherine A. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Simon P. KELLY, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Karen L. ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Bahare AZADI, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Gráinne MCLOUGHLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1414-1423 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cognition comorbidity reaction time variability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show significant behavioural and genetic overlap. Both ADHD and ASD are characterised by poor performance on a range of cognitive tasks. In particular, increased response time variability (RTV) is a promising indicator of risk for both ADHD and ASD. However, it is not clear whether different indices of RTV and changes to RTV according to task conditions are able to discriminate between the two disorders. Methods Children with ASD (n = 19), ADHD (n = 18), ASD + ADHD (n = 29) and typically developing controls (TDC; n = 26) performed a four-choice RT task with slow-baseline and fast-incentive conditions. Performance was characterised by mean RT (MRT), standard deviation of RT (SD-RT), coefficient of variation (CV) and ex-Gaussian distribution measures of Mu, Sigma and Tau. Results In the slow-baseline condition, categorical diagnoses and trait measures converged to indicate that children with ADHD-only and ASD + ADHD demonstrated increased MRT, SD-RT, CV and Tau compared to TDC and ASD-only. Importantly, greater improvement in MRT, SD-RT and Tau was demonstrated in ADHD and ASD + ADHD from slow-baseline to fast-incentive conditions compared to TDC and ASD-only. Conclusions Slower and more variable RTs are markers of ADHD compared to ASD and typically developing controls during slow and less rewarding conditions. Energetic factors and rewards improve task performance to a greater extent in children with ADHD compared to children with ASD. These findings suggest that RTV can be distinguished in ASD, ADHD and ASD + ADHD based on the indices of variability used and the conditions in which they are elicited. Further work identifying neural processes underlying increased RTV is warranted, in order to elucidate disorder-specific and disorder-convergent aetiological pathways. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12608 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-12 (December 2016) . - p.1414-1423[article] Response time variability under slow and fast-incentive conditions in children with ASD, ADHD and ASD+ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Charlotte TYE, Auteur ; Katherine A. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Simon P. KELLY, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Karen L. ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Bahare AZADI, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Gráinne MCLOUGHLIN, Auteur . - p.1414-1423.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-12 (December 2016) . - p.1414-1423
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cognition comorbidity reaction time variability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show significant behavioural and genetic overlap. Both ADHD and ASD are characterised by poor performance on a range of cognitive tasks. In particular, increased response time variability (RTV) is a promising indicator of risk for both ADHD and ASD. However, it is not clear whether different indices of RTV and changes to RTV according to task conditions are able to discriminate between the two disorders. Methods Children with ASD (n = 19), ADHD (n = 18), ASD + ADHD (n = 29) and typically developing controls (TDC; n = 26) performed a four-choice RT task with slow-baseline and fast-incentive conditions. Performance was characterised by mean RT (MRT), standard deviation of RT (SD-RT), coefficient of variation (CV) and ex-Gaussian distribution measures of Mu, Sigma and Tau. Results In the slow-baseline condition, categorical diagnoses and trait measures converged to indicate that children with ADHD-only and ASD + ADHD demonstrated increased MRT, SD-RT, CV and Tau compared to TDC and ASD-only. Importantly, greater improvement in MRT, SD-RT and Tau was demonstrated in ADHD and ASD + ADHD from slow-baseline to fast-incentive conditions compared to TDC and ASD-only. Conclusions Slower and more variable RTs are markers of ADHD compared to ASD and typically developing controls during slow and less rewarding conditions. Energetic factors and rewards improve task performance to a greater extent in children with ADHD compared to children with ASD. These findings suggest that RTV can be distinguished in ASD, ADHD and ASD + ADHD based on the indices of variability used and the conditions in which they are elicited. Further work identifying neural processes underlying increased RTV is warranted, in order to elucidate disorder-specific and disorder-convergent aetiological pathways. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12608 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297 Resting-State Neurophysiological Activity Patterns in Young People with ASD, ADHD, and ASD + ADHD / E. SHEPHARD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-1 (January 2018)
[article]
Titre : Resting-State Neurophysiological Activity Patterns in Young People with ASD, ADHD, and ASD + ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; C. TYE, Auteur ; Karen L. ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Bahare AZADI, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; G. MCLOUGHLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.110-122 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd Asd Co-occurring ASD + ADHD Eeg Resting-state Spectral power Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Altered power of resting-state neurophysiological activity has been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which commonly co-occur. We compared resting-state neurophysiological power in children with ASD, ADHD, co-occurring ASD + ADHD, and typically developing controls. Children with ASD (ASD/ASD + ADHD) showed reduced theta and alpha power compared to children without ASD (controls/ADHD). Children with ADHD (ADHD/ASD + ADHD) displayed decreased delta power compared to children without ADHD (ASD/controls). Children with ASD + ADHD largely presented as an additive co-occurrence with deficits of both disorders, although reduced theta compared to ADHD-only and reduced delta compared to controls suggested some unique markers. Identifying specific neurophysiological profiles in ASD and ADHD may assist in characterising more homogeneous subgroups to inform treatment approaches and aetiological investigations. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3300-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-1 (January 2018) . - p.110-122[article] Resting-State Neurophysiological Activity Patterns in Young People with ASD, ADHD, and ASD + ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; C. TYE, Auteur ; Karen L. ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Bahare AZADI, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; G. MCLOUGHLIN, Auteur . - p.110-122.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-1 (January 2018) . - p.110-122
Mots-clés : Adhd Asd Co-occurring ASD + ADHD Eeg Resting-state Spectral power Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Altered power of resting-state neurophysiological activity has been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which commonly co-occur. We compared resting-state neurophysiological power in children with ASD, ADHD, co-occurring ASD + ADHD, and typically developing controls. Children with ASD (ASD/ASD + ADHD) showed reduced theta and alpha power compared to children without ASD (controls/ADHD). Children with ADHD (ADHD/ASD + ADHD) displayed decreased delta power compared to children without ADHD (ASD/controls). Children with ASD + ADHD largely presented as an additive co-occurrence with deficits of both disorders, although reduced theta compared to ADHD-only and reduced delta compared to controls suggested some unique markers. Identifying specific neurophysiological profiles in ASD and ADHD may assist in characterising more homogeneous subgroups to inform treatment approaches and aetiological investigations. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3300-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336 Screening for co-occurring conditions in adults with autism spectrum disorder using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A pilot study / James FINDON in Autism Research, 9-12 (December 2016)
[article]
Titre : Screening for co-occurring conditions in adults with autism spectrum disorder using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A pilot study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James FINDON, Auteur ; Tim CADMAN, Auteur ; Catherine S. STEWART, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Hanna EKLUND, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Daniel DE LE HARPE GOLDEN, Auteur ; Eddie CHAPLIN, Auteur ; Karen GLASER, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Fiona S. MCEWEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1353-1363 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder co-occurring disorder co-morbid disorder hyperactivity attention deficit hyperactivity disorder anxiety depression obsessive–compulsive disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at elevated risk of co-occurring mental health problems. These are often undiagnosed, can cause significant impairment, and place a very high burden on family and carers. Detecting co-occurring disorders is extremely important. However, there is no validated screening tool for this purpose. The aim of this pilot study is to test the utility of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) to screen for co-occurring emotional disorders and hyperactivity in adolescents and adults with ASD. The SDQ was completed by 126 parents and 98 individuals with ASD (in 79 cases both parent and self-report were available from the same families). Inter-rater reliability, test-retest stability, internal consistency, and construct validity were examined. SDQ subscales were also compared to clinically utilized measures of emotional disorders and hyperactivity to establish the ability to predict risk of disorder. Inter-rater reliability (r?=?0.42), test-retest stability (r?=?0.64), internal consistency (??=?0.52–0.81) and construct validity (r?=?0.42–0.57) for the SDQ subscales were comparable to general population samples. Parent- and self-report SDQ subscales were significantly associated with measures of anxiety, depression and hyperactivity (62–74% correctly classified). Parent-report performed significantly better than self-report; adults with ASD under-reported difficulties. The SDQ shows promise as a simple and efficient way to screen for emotional disorders and hyperactivity in adolescents and adults with ASD that could help reduce the impact of these disorders on individuals and their families. However, further more systematic attempts at validation are warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1625 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298
in Autism Research > 9-12 (December 2016) . - p.1353-1363[article] Screening for co-occurring conditions in adults with autism spectrum disorder using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A pilot study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James FINDON, Auteur ; Tim CADMAN, Auteur ; Catherine S. STEWART, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Hanna EKLUND, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Daniel DE LE HARPE GOLDEN, Auteur ; Eddie CHAPLIN, Auteur ; Karen GLASER, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Fiona S. MCEWEN, Auteur . - p.1353-1363.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 9-12 (December 2016) . - p.1353-1363
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder co-occurring disorder co-morbid disorder hyperactivity attention deficit hyperactivity disorder anxiety depression obsessive–compulsive disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at elevated risk of co-occurring mental health problems. These are often undiagnosed, can cause significant impairment, and place a very high burden on family and carers. Detecting co-occurring disorders is extremely important. However, there is no validated screening tool for this purpose. The aim of this pilot study is to test the utility of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) to screen for co-occurring emotional disorders and hyperactivity in adolescents and adults with ASD. The SDQ was completed by 126 parents and 98 individuals with ASD (in 79 cases both parent and self-report were available from the same families). Inter-rater reliability, test-retest stability, internal consistency, and construct validity were examined. SDQ subscales were also compared to clinically utilized measures of emotional disorders and hyperactivity to establish the ability to predict risk of disorder. Inter-rater reliability (r?=?0.42), test-retest stability (r?=?0.64), internal consistency (??=?0.52–0.81) and construct validity (r?=?0.42–0.57) for the SDQ subscales were comparable to general population samples. Parent- and self-report SDQ subscales were significantly associated with measures of anxiety, depression and hyperactivity (62–74% correctly classified). Parent-report performed significantly better than self-report; adults with ASD under-reported difficulties. The SDQ shows promise as a simple and efficient way to screen for emotional disorders and hyperactivity in adolescents and adults with ASD that could help reduce the impact of these disorders on individuals and their families. However, further more systematic attempts at validation are warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1625 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 Self and informant reports of mental health difficulties among adults with autism findings from a long-term follow-up study / Philippa MOSS in Autism, 19-7 (October 2015)
[article]
Titre : Self and informant reports of mental health difficulties among adults with autism findings from a long-term follow-up study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Philippa MOSS, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Sarah SAVAGE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.832-841 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults autism spectrum disorders mental health psychiatric comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Data on psychiatric problems in adults with autism are inconsistent, with estimated rates ranging from around 25% to over 75%. We assessed difficulties related to mental health in 58 adults with autism (10 females, 48 males; mean age 44?years) whom we have followed over four decades. All were of average non-verbal intelligence quotient when diagnosed as children. Overall ratings of mental health problems were based on data from the Family History Schedule (Bolton et al., 1994). Informant reports indicated that many of the cohort (44%) had experienced no mental health problems in adulthood; 28% had experienced mild to moderate difficulties, 23% had severe and 5% very severe problems. Depression was the most commonly reported problem. Among those adults (n?=?22) able to report on their own mental state, again many (45%) reported no mental health problems, although 27% reported very severe mental health problems related to anxiety, depression and/or obsessive–compulsive symptoms. Informant ratings of poor mental health were not associated with gender, severity of autism in childhood, or child or adult intelligence quotient, but there were small correlations with overall social functioning (rho?=?0.34) and current autism severity (rho?=?0.37). The findings highlight the difficulties of assessing mental health problems in adults with autism and the need for appropriately validated measures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315585916 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269
in Autism > 19-7 (October 2015) . - p.832-841[article] Self and informant reports of mental health difficulties among adults with autism findings from a long-term follow-up study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Philippa MOSS, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Sarah SAVAGE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.832-841.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 19-7 (October 2015) . - p.832-841
Mots-clés : adults autism spectrum disorders mental health psychiatric comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Data on psychiatric problems in adults with autism are inconsistent, with estimated rates ranging from around 25% to over 75%. We assessed difficulties related to mental health in 58 adults with autism (10 females, 48 males; mean age 44?years) whom we have followed over four decades. All were of average non-verbal intelligence quotient when diagnosed as children. Overall ratings of mental health problems were based on data from the Family History Schedule (Bolton et al., 1994). Informant reports indicated that many of the cohort (44%) had experienced no mental health problems in adulthood; 28% had experienced mild to moderate difficulties, 23% had severe and 5% very severe problems. Depression was the most commonly reported problem. Among those adults (n?=?22) able to report on their own mental state, again many (45%) reported no mental health problems, although 27% reported very severe mental health problems related to anxiety, depression and/or obsessive–compulsive symptoms. Informant ratings of poor mental health were not associated with gender, severity of autism in childhood, or child or adult intelligence quotient, but there were small correlations with overall social functioning (rho?=?0.34) and current autism severity (rho?=?0.37). The findings highlight the difficulties of assessing mental health problems in adults with autism and the need for appropriately validated measures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315585916 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269 The CAST (Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test): Preliminary Development of a UK Screen for Mainstream Primary-School-Age Children / Fiona J. SCOTT in Autism, 6-1 (March 2002)
[article]
Titre : The CAST (Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test): Preliminary Development of a UK Screen for Mainstream Primary-School-Age Children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Fiona J. SCOTT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Carol BRAYNE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.9-31 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The article describes a pilot and follow-up study of the preliminary development of a new tool to screen for Asperger syndrome (AS) and related social and communication conditions (the Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test, CAST) in children aged 4-11 years, in a non-clinical setting. In the pilot study, parents of 13 children with AS and of 37 typically developing children completed the CAST. There were significant differences between the AS and typical sample means. The pilot was used to establish preliminary cut-off scores for the CAST. In the main study, parents of 1150 primary-school-age children were sent the CAST, and 174 took part in the full data analysis. Results suggest that compared with other tools currently available, the CAST may be useful for identifying children at risk for AS and related conditions, in a mainstream non-clinical sample. Further research is ongoing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361302006001003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=209
in Autism > 6-1 (March 2002) . - p.9-31[article] The CAST (Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test): Preliminary Development of a UK Screen for Mainstream Primary-School-Age Children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Fiona J. SCOTT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Carol BRAYNE, Auteur . - p.9-31.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 6-1 (March 2002) . - p.9-31
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The article describes a pilot and follow-up study of the preliminary development of a new tool to screen for Asperger syndrome (AS) and related social and communication conditions (the Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test, CAST) in children aged 4-11 years, in a non-clinical setting. In the pilot study, parents of 13 children with AS and of 37 typically developing children completed the CAST. There were significant differences between the AS and typical sample means. The pilot was used to establish preliminary cut-off scores for the CAST. In the main study, parents of 1150 primary-school-age children were sent the CAST, and 174 took part in the full data analysis. Results suggest that compared with other tools currently available, the CAST may be useful for identifying children at risk for AS and related conditions, in a mainstream non-clinical sample. Further research is ongoing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361302006001003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=209 The Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test (CAST): Test–retest reliability in a high scoring sample / Carrie ALLISON in Autism, 11-2 (March 2007)
PermalinkThe Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST): Sex Differences / Joanna G. WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-9 (October 2008)
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PermalinkVisual orienting in the early broader autism phenotype: disengagement and facilitation / Mayada ELSABBAGH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-5 (May 2009)
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