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Auteur Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE |
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The misnomer of 'high functioning autism': Intelligence is an imprecise predictor of functional abilities at diagnosis / Gail A. ALVARES in Autism, 24-1 (January 2020)
[article]
Titre : The misnomer of 'high functioning autism': Intelligence is an imprecise predictor of functional abilities at diagnosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; D. CLEARY, Auteur ; K. EVANS, Auteur ; E. J. GLASSON, Auteur ; M. T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; S. PILLAR, Auteur ; M. ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; J. WRAY, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.221-232 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adaptive behaviour autism spectrum disorders cognitive impairment intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 'High functioning autism' is a term often used for individuals with autism spectrum disorder without an intellectual disability. Over time, this term has become synonymous with expectations of greater functional skills and better long-term outcomes, despite contradictory clinical observations. This study investigated the relationship between adaptive behaviour, cognitive estimates (intelligence quotient) and age at diagnosis in autism spectrum disorder. Participants (n = 2225, 1-18 years of age) were notified at diagnosis to a prospective register and grouped by presence (n = 1041) or absence (n = 1184) of intellectual disability. Functional abilities were reported using the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales. Regression models suggested that intelligence quotient was a weak predictor of Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales after controlling for sex. Whereas the intellectual disability group's adaptive behaviour estimates were close to reported intelligence quotients, Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales scores fell significantly below intelligence quotients for children without intellectual disability. The gap between intelligence quotient and Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales scores remained large with increasing age at diagnosis for all children. These data indicate that estimates from intelligence quotient alone are an imprecise proxy for functional abilities when diagnosing autism spectrum disorder, particularly for those without intellectual disability. We argue that 'high functioning autism' is an inaccurate clinical descriptor when based solely on intelligence quotient demarcations and this term should be abandoned in research and clinical practice. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319852831 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414
in Autism > 24-1 (January 2020) . - p.221-232[article] The misnomer of 'high functioning autism': Intelligence is an imprecise predictor of functional abilities at diagnosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; D. CLEARY, Auteur ; K. EVANS, Auteur ; E. J. GLASSON, Auteur ; M. T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; S. PILLAR, Auteur ; M. ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; J. WRAY, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.221-232.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 24-1 (January 2020) . - p.221-232
Mots-clés : adaptive behaviour autism spectrum disorders cognitive impairment intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 'High functioning autism' is a term often used for individuals with autism spectrum disorder without an intellectual disability. Over time, this term has become synonymous with expectations of greater functional skills and better long-term outcomes, despite contradictory clinical observations. This study investigated the relationship between adaptive behaviour, cognitive estimates (intelligence quotient) and age at diagnosis in autism spectrum disorder. Participants (n = 2225, 1-18 years of age) were notified at diagnosis to a prospective register and grouped by presence (n = 1041) or absence (n = 1184) of intellectual disability. Functional abilities were reported using the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales. Regression models suggested that intelligence quotient was a weak predictor of Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales after controlling for sex. Whereas the intellectual disability group's adaptive behaviour estimates were close to reported intelligence quotients, Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales scores fell significantly below intelligence quotients for children without intellectual disability. The gap between intelligence quotient and Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales scores remained large with increasing age at diagnosis for all children. These data indicate that estimates from intelligence quotient alone are an imprecise proxy for functional abilities when diagnosing autism spectrum disorder, particularly for those without intellectual disability. We argue that 'high functioning autism' is an inaccurate clinical descriptor when based solely on intelligence quotient demarcations and this term should be abandoned in research and clinical practice. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319852831 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=414 The perinatal androgen to estrogen ratio and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study / E. S. JAMNADASS in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)
[article]
Titre : The perinatal androgen to estrogen ratio and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. S. JAMNADASS, Auteur ; J. A. KEELAN, Auteur ; L. P. HOLLIER, Auteur ; M. HICKEY, Auteur ; M. T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.17 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Androgens Autism-Spectrum Quotient Autistic-like traits Cord blood Estrogens Perinatal Sex steroids Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal androgen exposure has been hypothesized to be linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While previous studies have found a link between testosterone levels in amniotic fluid and autistic-like traits, a similar relationship has not been found for testosterone in umbilical cord blood. However, it may be the net biological activity of multiple androgens and estrogens that influences postnatal effects of prenatal sex steroids. Accordingly, composite levels of androgens (A) and estrogens (E) were investigated, along with their ratio, in relation to autistic-like traits in young adulthood. METHODS: Sex steroid data in umbilical cord blood were available from 860 individuals at delivery. Samples were analyzed for androgens (testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone) and estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol). Levels of bioavailable testosterone, estradiol, and estrone were measured and used to calculate A and E composites and the A to E ratio. Participants were approached in early adulthood to complete the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ) as a self-report measure of autistic-like traits, with 183 males (M = 20.10 years, SD = 0.65 years) and 189 females (M =19.92 years, SD = 0.68 years) providing data. RESULTS: Males exhibited significantly higher androgen composites and A to E composite ratios than females. Males also scored significantly higher on the details/patterns subscale of the AQ. Subsequent categorical and continuous analyses, which accounted for covariates, revealed no substantial relationships between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio and the AQ total or subscale scores. CONCLUSIONS: The current study found no link between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio in cord blood and autistic-like traits in the population as measured by the AQ. These outcomes do not exclude the possibility that these sex steroid variables may predict other neurodevelopmental traits in early development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9114-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.17[article] The perinatal androgen to estrogen ratio and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. S. JAMNADASS, Auteur ; J. A. KEELAN, Auteur ; L. P. HOLLIER, Auteur ; M. HICKEY, Auteur ; M. T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.17.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.17
Mots-clés : Androgens Autism-Spectrum Quotient Autistic-like traits Cord blood Estrogens Perinatal Sex steroids Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal androgen exposure has been hypothesized to be linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While previous studies have found a link between testosterone levels in amniotic fluid and autistic-like traits, a similar relationship has not been found for testosterone in umbilical cord blood. However, it may be the net biological activity of multiple androgens and estrogens that influences postnatal effects of prenatal sex steroids. Accordingly, composite levels of androgens (A) and estrogens (E) were investigated, along with their ratio, in relation to autistic-like traits in young adulthood. METHODS: Sex steroid data in umbilical cord blood were available from 860 individuals at delivery. Samples were analyzed for androgens (testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone) and estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol). Levels of bioavailable testosterone, estradiol, and estrone were measured and used to calculate A and E composites and the A to E ratio. Participants were approached in early adulthood to complete the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ) as a self-report measure of autistic-like traits, with 183 males (M = 20.10 years, SD = 0.65 years) and 189 females (M =19.92 years, SD = 0.68 years) providing data. RESULTS: Males exhibited significantly higher androgen composites and A to E composite ratios than females. Males also scored significantly higher on the details/patterns subscale of the AQ. Subsequent categorical and continuous analyses, which accounted for covariates, revealed no substantial relationships between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio and the AQ total or subscale scores. CONCLUSIONS: The current study found no link between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio in cord blood and autistic-like traits in the population as measured by the AQ. These outcomes do not exclude the possibility that these sex steroid variables may predict other neurodevelopmental traits in early development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9114-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 The Role of Negative Affectivity in Concurrent Relations Between Caregiver Psychological Distress and Social-Emotional Difficulties in Infants With Early Signs of Autism / Lacey CHETCUTI in Autism Research, 13-8 (August 2020)
[article]
Titre : The Role of Negative Affectivity in Concurrent Relations Between Caregiver Psychological Distress and Social-Emotional Difficulties in Infants With Early Signs of Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lacey CHETCUTI, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; Maryam BOUTRUS, Auteur ; Ming Wai WAN, Auteur ; Vicky SLONIMS, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Leonie SEGAL, Auteur ; Teresa IACONO, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Kristelle HUDRY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1349-1357 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder caregivers infant social-emotional difficulties temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent evidence suggests the link between caregiver psychological distress and offspring social-emotional difficulties may be accounted for by offspring temperament characteristics. However, existing studies have only focused on neurotypical children; thus, the current study sought to provide an initial examination of this process among children with varying levels of early autism features. Participants included 103 infants aged 9-16?months (M = 12.39, SD = 1.97; 68% male) and their primary caregiver (96% mothers) referred to a larger study by community healthcare professionals. We utilized caregiver-reported measures of psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales), infant temperament (Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised) and internalizing and externalizing symptoms (Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment) and administered the Autism Observation Schedule for Infants (AOSI) at an assessment visit to quantify autism features. Infant negative affectivity was found to mediate positive concurrent relations between caregiver psychological distress and infant internalizing and externalizing symptoms, irrespective of the infants' AOSI score. While preliminary and cross-sectional, these results replicate and extend previous findings suggesting that the pathway from caregiver psychological distress to negative affectivity to social-emotional difficulties might also be apparent among infants with varying levels of autism features. More rigorous tests of causal effects await future longitudinal investigation. LAY SUMMARY: Offspring of caregivers experiencing psychological distress (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or stress) may themselves be at increased risk of poor mental health outcomes. Several previous studies conducted with neurotypical children suggest that this link from caregiver-to-child may be facilitated by children's temperament qualities. This study was a preliminary cross-sectional exploration of these relationships in infants with features of autism. We found that infants' elevated negative emotions were involved in the relation between caregiver heightened psychological distress and children's mental health difficulties, consistent with neurotypical development. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1349-1357. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2296 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430
in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1349-1357[article] The Role of Negative Affectivity in Concurrent Relations Between Caregiver Psychological Distress and Social-Emotional Difficulties in Infants With Early Signs of Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lacey CHETCUTI, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; Maryam BOUTRUS, Auteur ; Ming Wai WAN, Auteur ; Vicky SLONIMS, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Leonie SEGAL, Auteur ; Teresa IACONO, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Kristelle HUDRY, Auteur . - p.1349-1357.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 13-8 (August 2020) . - p.1349-1357
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder caregivers infant social-emotional difficulties temperament Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent evidence suggests the link between caregiver psychological distress and offspring social-emotional difficulties may be accounted for by offspring temperament characteristics. However, existing studies have only focused on neurotypical children; thus, the current study sought to provide an initial examination of this process among children with varying levels of early autism features. Participants included 103 infants aged 9-16?months (M = 12.39, SD = 1.97; 68% male) and their primary caregiver (96% mothers) referred to a larger study by community healthcare professionals. We utilized caregiver-reported measures of psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales), infant temperament (Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised) and internalizing and externalizing symptoms (Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment) and administered the Autism Observation Schedule for Infants (AOSI) at an assessment visit to quantify autism features. Infant negative affectivity was found to mediate positive concurrent relations between caregiver psychological distress and infant internalizing and externalizing symptoms, irrespective of the infants' AOSI score. While preliminary and cross-sectional, these results replicate and extend previous findings suggesting that the pathway from caregiver psychological distress to negative affectivity to social-emotional difficulties might also be apparent among infants with varying levels of autism features. More rigorous tests of causal effects await future longitudinal investigation. LAY SUMMARY: Offspring of caregivers experiencing psychological distress (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or stress) may themselves be at increased risk of poor mental health outcomes. Several previous studies conducted with neurotypical children suggest that this link from caregiver-to-child may be facilitated by children's temperament qualities. This study was a preliminary cross-sectional exploration of these relationships in infants with features of autism. We found that infants' elevated negative emotions were involved in the relation between caregiver heightened psychological distress and children's mental health difficulties, consistent with neurotypical development. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1349-1357. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2296 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 Umbilical cord blood androgen levels and ASD-related phenotypes at 12 and 36 months in an enriched risk cohort study / B. Y. PARK in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)
[article]
Titre : Umbilical cord blood androgen levels and ASD-related phenotypes at 12 and 36 months in an enriched risk cohort study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : B. Y. PARK, Auteur ; Brian K. LEE, Auteur ; Igor BURSTYN, Auteur ; Loni P. TABB, Auteur ; J. A. KEELAN, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; M. D. FALLIN, Auteur ; I. HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; O. MONTGOMERY, Auteur ; C. J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 3p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Androstenedione/*metabolism Autism Spectrum Disorder/metabolism/*psychology Chromatography, Liquid Cohort Studies Dehydroepiandrosterone/*metabolism Female Fetal Blood/*metabolism Humans Infant Linear Models Longitudinal Studies Male Pregnancy Prospective Studies Risk Assessment Severity of Illness Index Siblings/*psychology Tandem Mass Spectrometry Testosterone/*metabolism *Autism *Sex difference *Sibling *Testosterone *Umbilical cord blood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects more than 1% of children in the USA. The male-to-female prevalence ratio of roughly 4:1 in ASD is a well-recognized but poorly understood phenomenon. An explicit focus on potential etiologic pathways consistent with this sex difference, such as those involving prenatal androgen exposure, may help elucidate causes of ASD. Furthermore, the multi-threshold liability model suggests that the genetic mechanisms in females with ASD may be distinct and may modulate ASD risk in families with female ASD in the pedigree. METHODS: We examined umbilical cord blood from 137 children in the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI) cohort. EARLI is an ASD-enriched risk cohort with all children having an older sibling already diagnosed with ASD. Fetal testosterone (T), androstenedione (A4), and dehyroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels were measured in cord blood using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Robust linear regression models were used to determine associations between cord blood androgen levels and 12-month Autism Observation Scales for Infants (AOSI) scores and 36-month Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Increasing androgens were not associated with increasing 12-month AOSI score or 36-month total SRS score in either boys or girls. However, the association between T and autistic traits among subjects with a female older affected sibling was greater at 12 months (test of interaction, P = 0.008) and deficits in reciprocal social behavior at 36 months were also greater (test of interaction, P = 0.006) than in subjects whose older affected sibling was male. CONCLUSIONS: While increased prenatal testosterone levels were not associated with autistic traits at 12 or 36 months, our findings of a positive association in infants whose older ASD-affected siblings were female suggests an androgen-related mechanism that may be dependent on, or related to, genetic liability factors present more often in families containing female ASD cases. However, this initial finding, based on a small subgroup of our sample, should be interpreted with considerable caution. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0118-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 3p.[article] Umbilical cord blood androgen levels and ASD-related phenotypes at 12 and 36 months in an enriched risk cohort study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / B. Y. PARK, Auteur ; Brian K. LEE, Auteur ; Igor BURSTYN, Auteur ; Loni P. TABB, Auteur ; J. A. KEELAN, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; M. D. FALLIN, Auteur ; I. HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; O. MONTGOMERY, Auteur ; C. J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur . - 3p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 3p.
Mots-clés : Adult Androstenedione/*metabolism Autism Spectrum Disorder/metabolism/*psychology Chromatography, Liquid Cohort Studies Dehydroepiandrosterone/*metabolism Female Fetal Blood/*metabolism Humans Infant Linear Models Longitudinal Studies Male Pregnancy Prospective Studies Risk Assessment Severity of Illness Index Siblings/*psychology Tandem Mass Spectrometry Testosterone/*metabolism *Autism *Sex difference *Sibling *Testosterone *Umbilical cord blood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects more than 1% of children in the USA. The male-to-female prevalence ratio of roughly 4:1 in ASD is a well-recognized but poorly understood phenomenon. An explicit focus on potential etiologic pathways consistent with this sex difference, such as those involving prenatal androgen exposure, may help elucidate causes of ASD. Furthermore, the multi-threshold liability model suggests that the genetic mechanisms in females with ASD may be distinct and may modulate ASD risk in families with female ASD in the pedigree. METHODS: We examined umbilical cord blood from 137 children in the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI) cohort. EARLI is an ASD-enriched risk cohort with all children having an older sibling already diagnosed with ASD. Fetal testosterone (T), androstenedione (A4), and dehyroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels were measured in cord blood using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Robust linear regression models were used to determine associations between cord blood androgen levels and 12-month Autism Observation Scales for Infants (AOSI) scores and 36-month Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Increasing androgens were not associated with increasing 12-month AOSI score or 36-month total SRS score in either boys or girls. However, the association between T and autistic traits among subjects with a female older affected sibling was greater at 12 months (test of interaction, P = 0.008) and deficits in reciprocal social behavior at 36 months were also greater (test of interaction, P = 0.006) than in subjects whose older affected sibling was male. CONCLUSIONS: While increased prenatal testosterone levels were not associated with autistic traits at 12 or 36 months, our findings of a positive association in infants whose older ASD-affected siblings were female suggests an androgen-related mechanism that may be dependent on, or related to, genetic liability factors present more often in families containing female ASD cases. However, this initial finding, based on a small subgroup of our sample, should be interpreted with considerable caution. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0118-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330 Unpacking the complex nature of the autism epidemic / Helen LEONARD in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 4-4 (October-December 2010)
[article]
Titre : Unpacking the complex nature of the autism epidemic Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Helen LEONARD, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Glenys DIXON, Auteur ; Jenny BOURKE, Auteur ; Karina AIBERTI, Auteur ; Natasha NASSAR, Auteur ; Carol BOWER, Auteur ; Emma J. GLASSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.548-554 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder Autism Autism-spectrum-disorder Diagnosis Intellectual-disability Autism-epidemic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The etiology of autism spectrum disorders is unknown but there are claims of increasing prevalence in many countries. Despite more than a decade of epidemiological investigation, it is still unclear whether the rising trend in prevalence reflects a true increase or changes in diagnostic trends and improvements in case ascertainment. This paper discusses changes in diagnostic criteria, decreasing age at diagnosis, improved case ascertainment, diagnostic substitution, and social and cultural influences on the overall effects on prevalence, including the role of an ASD diagnosis as a gateway to funding. The evidence suggests that the increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorder can be partly supported by each of these factors, but remains largely unquantified due to a variety of other global and local factors. The question of how much of a real increase in prevalence has occurred remains crucially important to understand the classification, epidemiology and etiology of autism spectrum disorders but can only be answered if controlling these other factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2010.01.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 4-4 (October-December 2010) . - p.548-554[article] Unpacking the complex nature of the autism epidemic [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Helen LEONARD, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Glenys DIXON, Auteur ; Jenny BOURKE, Auteur ; Karina AIBERTI, Auteur ; Natasha NASSAR, Auteur ; Carol BOWER, Auteur ; Emma J. GLASSON, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.548-554.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 4-4 (October-December 2010) . - p.548-554
Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder Autism Autism-spectrum-disorder Diagnosis Intellectual-disability Autism-epidemic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The etiology of autism spectrum disorders is unknown but there are claims of increasing prevalence in many countries. Despite more than a decade of epidemiological investigation, it is still unclear whether the rising trend in prevalence reflects a true increase or changes in diagnostic trends and improvements in case ascertainment. This paper discusses changes in diagnostic criteria, decreasing age at diagnosis, improved case ascertainment, diagnostic substitution, and social and cultural influences on the overall effects on prevalence, including the role of an ASD diagnosis as a gateway to funding. The evidence suggests that the increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorder can be partly supported by each of these factors, but remains largely unquantified due to a variety of other global and local factors. The question of how much of a real increase in prevalence has occurred remains crucially important to understand the classification, epidemiology and etiology of autism spectrum disorders but can only be answered if controlling these other factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2010.01.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102 Young Adults with High Autistic-Like Traits Displayed Lower Food Variety and Diet Quality in Childhood / Catherine PANOSSIAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-2 (February 2021)
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