6237 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Autistic-disorder'

Adults with Autism Show Increased Sensitivity to Outcomes at Low Error Rates During Decision-Making / Arpi MINASSIAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-7 (August 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-7 (August 2007) . - p.1279-1288 Titre : Adults with Autism Show Increased Sensitivity to Outcomes at Low Error Rates During Decision-Making Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Arpi MINASSIAN, Auteur ; Alan J. LINCOLN, Auteur ; Martin PAULUS, Auteur ; William PERRY, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1279-1288 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder Decision-making Perseveration Executive-functioning Reinforcement Cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decision-making is an important function that can be quantified using a two-choice prediction task. Individuals with Autistic Disorder (AD) often show highly restricted and repetitive behavior that may interfere with adaptive decision-making. We assessed whether AD adults showed repetitive behavior on the choice task that was unaffected by changing task demands, by examining the influence of experimenter-determined error rates on decision-making. Sixteen AD adults and 14 typically developed subjects were administered a two-choice task using three error rate conditions. Although AD subjects showed occurrences of stereotyped responding, their decision-making behavior was strongly affected by changes in task demands, especially when they experienced frequent success. Thus, behavioral paradigms that provide frequent reinforcement may be helpful in modifying decision-making abilities in AD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0278-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=156 [article] Adults with Autism Show Increased Sensitivity to Outcomes at Low Error Rates During Decision-Making [texte imprimé] / Arpi MINASSIAN, Auteur ; Alan J. LINCOLN, Auteur ; Martin PAULUS, Auteur ; William PERRY, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1279-1288. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-7 (August 2007) . - p.1279-1288 Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder Decision-making Perseveration Executive-functioning Reinforcement Cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decision-making is an important function that can be quantified using a two-choice prediction task. Individuals with Autistic Disorder (AD) often show highly restricted and repetitive behavior that may interfere with adaptive decision-making. We assessed whether AD adults showed repetitive behavior on the choice task that was unaffected by changing task demands, by examining the influence of experimenter-determined error rates on decision-making. Sixteen AD adults and 14 typically developed subjects were administered a two-choice task using three error rate conditions. Although AD subjects showed occurrences of stereotyped responding, their decision-making behavior was strongly affected by changes in task demands, especially when they experienced frequent success. Thus, behavioral paradigms that provide frequent reinforcement may be helpful in modifying decision-making abilities in AD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0278-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=156

Attachment in Toddlers with Autism and Other Developmental Disorders / Fabienne B.A. NABER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-6 (July 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-6 (July 2007) . - p.1123-1138 Titre : Attachment in Toddlers with Autism and Other Developmental Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fabienne B.A. NABER, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Marian J. BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG, Auteur ; Sophie H.N. SWINKELS, Auteur ; Herman VAN ENGELAND, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Claudine DIETZ, Auteur ; Emma VAN DAALEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1123-1138 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder Cortisol Physiology Strange-situation-procedure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attachment was assessed in toddlers with Autistic Disorder (n = 20), Pervasive Developmental Disorder (n = 14), Mental Retardation (n = 12), Language Development Disorder (n = 16), and a non-clinical comparison group (n = 18), using the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP). Children in the clinical groups were more often disorganized and less often securely attached. Severity of autism was associated with more attachment insecurity, and lower developmental level increased the chance for disorganized attachment. Attachment disorganization was related to increased heart rate during the SSP. Controlling for basal cortisol and developmental level, more autistic symptoms predicted lower cortisol responses to the SSP. The findings support the importance of disorganized attachment for children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0255-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=155 [article] Attachment in Toddlers with Autism and Other Developmental Disorders [texte imprimé] / Fabienne B.A. NABER, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Marian J. BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG, Auteur ; Sophie H.N. SWINKELS, Auteur ; Herman VAN ENGELAND, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Claudine DIETZ, Auteur ; Emma VAN DAALEN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1123-1138. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-6 (July 2007) . - p.1123-1138 Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder Cortisol Physiology Strange-situation-procedure Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attachment was assessed in toddlers with Autistic Disorder (n = 20), Pervasive Developmental Disorder (n = 14), Mental Retardation (n = 12), Language Development Disorder (n = 16), and a non-clinical comparison group (n = 18), using the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP). Children in the clinical groups were more often disorganized and less often securely attached. Severity of autism was associated with more attachment insecurity, and lower developmental level increased the chance for disorganized attachment. Attachment disorganization was related to increased heart rate during the SSP. Controlling for basal cortisol and developmental level, more autistic symptoms predicted lower cortisol responses to the SSP. The findings support the importance of disorganized attachment for children with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0255-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=155

Autistic symptomatology and language ability in autism spectrum disorder and specific language impairment / Tom LOUCAS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-11 (November 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-11 (November 2008) . - p.1184-1192 Titre : Autistic symptomatology and language ability in autism spectrum disorder and specific language impairment Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tom LOUCAS, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Susie CHANDLER, Auteur ; David MELDRUM, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.1184-1192 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder specific-language-impairment SNAP-cohort Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and specific language impairment (SLI) are common developmental disorders characterised by deficits in language and communication. The nature of the relationship between them continues to be a matter of debate. This study investigates whether the co-occurrence of ASD and language impairment is associated with differences in severity or pattern of autistic symptomatology or language profile. Methods: Participants (N = 97) were drawn from a total population cohort of 56,946 screened as part of study to ascertain the prevalence of ASD, aged 9 to 14 years. All children received an ICD-10 clinical diagnosis of ASD or No ASD. Children with nonverbal IQ ≥80 were divided into those with a language impairment (language score of 77 or less) and those without, creating three groups: children with ASD and a language impairment (ALI; N = 41), those with ASD and but no language impairment (ANL; N = 31) and those with language impairment but no ASD (SLI; N = 25). Results: Children with ALI did not show more current autistic symptoms than those with ANL. Children with SLI were well below the threshold for ASD. Their social adaptation was higher than the ASD groups, but still nearly 2 SD below average. In ALI the combination of ASD and language impairment was associated with weaker functional communication and more severe receptive language difficulties than those found in SLI. Receptive and expressive language were equally impaired in ALI, whereas in SLI receptive language was stronger than expressive. Conclusions: Co-occurrence of ASD and language impairment is not associated with increased current autistic symptomatology but appears to be associated with greater impairment in receptive language and functional communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01951.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=633 [article] Autistic symptomatology and language ability in autism spectrum disorder and specific language impairment [texte imprimé] / Tom LOUCAS, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Susie CHANDLER, Auteur ; David MELDRUM, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.1184-1192. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-11 (November 2008) . - p.1184-1192 Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder specific-language-impairment SNAP-cohort Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and specific language impairment (SLI) are common developmental disorders characterised by deficits in language and communication. The nature of the relationship between them continues to be a matter of debate. This study investigates whether the co-occurrence of ASD and language impairment is associated with differences in severity or pattern of autistic symptomatology or language profile. Methods: Participants (N = 97) were drawn from a total population cohort of 56,946 screened as part of study to ascertain the prevalence of ASD, aged 9 to 14 years. All children received an ICD-10 clinical diagnosis of ASD or No ASD. Children with nonverbal IQ ≥80 were divided into those with a language impairment (language score of 77 or less) and those without, creating three groups: children with ASD and a language impairment (ALI; N = 41), those with ASD and but no language impairment (ANL; N = 31) and those with language impairment but no ASD (SLI; N = 25). Results: Children with ALI did not show more current autistic symptoms than those with ANL. Children with SLI were well below the threshold for ASD. Their social adaptation was higher than the ASD groups, but still nearly 2 SD below average. In ALI the combination of ASD and language impairment was associated with weaker functional communication and more severe receptive language difficulties than those found in SLI. Receptive and expressive language were equally impaired in ALI, whereas in SLI receptive language was stronger than expressive. Conclusions: Co-occurrence of ASD and language impairment is not associated with increased current autistic symptomatology but appears to be associated with greater impairment in receptive language and functional communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01951.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=633

Between a ROC and a hard place: decision making and making decisions about using the SCQ / Christina M. CORSELLO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.932–940 Titre : Between a ROC and a hard place: decision making and making decisions about using the SCQ Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Christina M. CORSELLO, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Susan RISI, Auteur ; Vanessa HUS, Auteur ; Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur ; Bennett L. LEVENTHAL, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.932–940 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder diagnosis screening Social-Communication-Questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), formerly the Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ), is based on a well-validated parent interview, the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI). It has shown promise as a screening measure for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in a research-referred older sample, though recent studies with younger children reported lower sensitivities when using the suggested cutoff of ≥15 to differentiate ASDs from children with nonspectrum disorders (NS). Methods: Diagnostic discrimination of the SCQ was evaluated alone and in combination with the ADOS (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) in a clinical and research-referred sample of 590 children and adolescents (2 to 16 years), with best estimate consensus diagnoses of autism, pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and non-ASD disorders. The SCQ was completed before the evaluation in most cases. Performance of the SCQ was also compared with the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R). Results: Absolute scores and sensitivity in the younger children and specificity for all groups were lower than reported in the original study. Using receiver operating curves (ROC) to examine the area under the curve (AUC), the SCQ was more similar to the ADI-R total score in differentiating ASD from NS disorders in the older (8–10, >11) than younger age groups (<5, 5–7). Lowering the cutoff score in the 2 younger groups improved sensitivity, with specificity remaining relatively low in all groups. Using the SCQ in combination with the ADOS resulted in improved specificity. Diagnostic discrimination was best using the ADI-R and ADOS in combination. Conclusions: Those interested in using the SCQ should consider adjusting cutoff scores according to age and purpose, and using it in combination with another measure. Sensitivity or specificity may be prioritized for research or screening depending on goals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01762.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164 [article] Between a ROC and a hard place: decision making and making decisions about using the SCQ [texte imprimé] / Christina M. CORSELLO, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Susan RISI, Auteur ; Vanessa HUS, Auteur ; Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur ; Bennett L. LEVENTHAL, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.932–940. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.932–940 Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder diagnosis screening Social-Communication-Questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), formerly the Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ), is based on a well-validated parent interview, the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI). It has shown promise as a screening measure for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in a research-referred older sample, though recent studies with younger children reported lower sensitivities when using the suggested cutoff of ≥15 to differentiate ASDs from children with nonspectrum disorders (NS). Methods: Diagnostic discrimination of the SCQ was evaluated alone and in combination with the ADOS (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) in a clinical and research-referred sample of 590 children and adolescents (2 to 16 years), with best estimate consensus diagnoses of autism, pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and non-ASD disorders. The SCQ was completed before the evaluation in most cases. Performance of the SCQ was also compared with the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R). Results: Absolute scores and sensitivity in the younger children and specificity for all groups were lower than reported in the original study. Using receiver operating curves (ROC) to examine the area under the curve (AUC), the SCQ was more similar to the ADI-R total score in differentiating ASD from NS disorders in the older (8–10, >11) than younger age groups (<5, 5–7). Lowering the cutoff score in the 2 younger groups improved sensitivity, with specificity remaining relatively low in all groups. Using the SCQ in combination with the ADOS resulted in improved specificity. Diagnostic discrimination was best using the ADI-R and ADOS in combination. Conclusions: Those interested in using the SCQ should consider adjusting cutoff scores according to age and purpose, and using it in combination with another measure. Sensitivity or specificity may be prioritized for research or screening depending on goals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01762.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164

Brief Report: Pilot Investigation of Service Receipt by Young Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders / John D. MCLENNAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-6 (July 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-6 (July 2008) Titre : Brief Report: Pilot Investigation of Service Receipt by Young Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John D. MCLENNAN, Auteur ; Susan HUCULAK, Auteur ; Debbie SHEEHAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder Practice-guidelines Quality-of-health-care Service-utilization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Whether children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and their families are receiving recommended assessments and services is poorly known. This pilot study examined service receipt as reported by parents of young children with ASD (n = 64) from four specialty centers in Canada. While almost all children had a speech and language assessment (94%), less than half had psychological (42%), or genetic (31%) testing. Speech and language (88%) and occupational (78%) therapies were the most frequently received treatments. Overall, certain findings did not correspond to recent recommended practice guidelines. Future studies should obtain more detailed information on assessments and treatments received from larger and more representative samples to better determine the quality of care received by families with children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0535-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475 [article] Brief Report: Pilot Investigation of Service Receipt by Young Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders [texte imprimé] / John D. MCLENNAN, Auteur ; Susan HUCULAK, Auteur ; Debbie SHEEHAN, Auteur . - 2008. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-6 (July 2008) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder Practice-guidelines Quality-of-health-care Service-utilization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Whether children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and their families are receiving recommended assessments and services is poorly known. This pilot study examined service receipt as reported by parents of young children with ASD (n = 64) from four specialty centers in Canada. While almost all children had a speech and language assessment (94%), less than half had psychological (42%), or genetic (31%) testing. Speech and language (88%) and occupational (78%) therapies were the most frequently received treatments. Overall, certain findings did not correspond to recent recommended practice guidelines. Future studies should obtain more detailed information on assessments and treatments received from larger and more representative samples to better determine the quality of care received by families with children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0535-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475

Can family affectedness inform infant sibling outcomes of autism spectrum disorders? / A.J. SCHWICHTENBERG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-9 (September 2010)  

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Characterization of an Autism-Associated Segmental Maternal Heterodisomy of the Chromosome 15q11–13 Region / Dorota A. KWASNICKA-CRAWFORD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-4 (April 2007)  

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Cognitive and Verbal Abilities of 24- to 36-month-old Siblings of Children with Autism / Nurit YIRMIYA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-2 (February 2007)  

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Deferred and immediate imitation in regressive and early onset autism / Sally J. ROGERS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-4 (April 2008)  

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Disparities in Diagnoses Received Prior to a Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder / David S. MANDELL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-9 (October 2007)  

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