Dépouillements

Editorial: Towards causal models – a developmental perspective / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.849–851 Titre : Editorial: Towards causal models – a developmental perspective Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.849–851 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01816.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163 [article] Editorial: Towards causal models – a developmental perspective [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.849–851. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.849–851 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01816.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163

Specificity of facial expression labeling deficits in childhood psychopathology / Amanda E. GUYER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.863–871 Titre : Specificity of facial expression labeling deficits in childhood psychopathology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amanda E. GUYER, Auteur ; Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur ; Monique ERNST, Auteur ; Erin B. MCCLURE, Auteur ; Abby D. ADLER, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Brendan A. RICH, Auteur ; Alane S. KIMES, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.863–871 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Emotion-recognition bipolar-disorder emotion-regulation pediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We examined whether face-emotion labeling deficits are illness-specific or an epiphenomenon of generalized impairment in pediatric psychiatric disorders involving mood and behavioral dysregulation. Method: Two hundred fifty-two youths (7–18 years old) completed child and adult facial expression recognition subtests from the Diagnostic Analysis of Nonverbal Accuracy (DANVA) instrument. Forty-two participants had bipolar disorder (BD), 39 had severe mood dysregulation (SMD; i.e., chronic irritability, hyperarousal without manic episodes), 44 had anxiety and/or major depressive disorders (ANX/MDD), 35 had attention-deficit/hyperactivity and/or conduct disorder (ADHD/CD), and 92 were controls. Dependent measures were number of errors labeling happy, angry, sad, or fearful emotions. Results: BD and SMD patients made more errors than ANX/MDD, ADHD/CD, or controls when labeling adult or child emotional expressions. BD and SMD patients did not differ in their emotion-labeling deficits. Conclusions: Face-emotion labeling deficits differentiate BD and SMD patients from patients with ANX/MDD or ADHD/CD and controls. The extent to which such deficits cause vs. result from emotional dysregulation requires further study. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01758.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163 [article] Specificity of facial expression labeling deficits in childhood psychopathology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amanda E. GUYER, Auteur ; Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur ; Monique ERNST, Auteur ; Erin B. MCCLURE, Auteur ; Abby D. ADLER, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Brendan A. RICH, Auteur ; Alane S. KIMES, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.863–871. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.863–871 Mots-clés : Emotion-recognition bipolar-disorder emotion-regulation pediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We examined whether face-emotion labeling deficits are illness-specific or an epiphenomenon of generalized impairment in pediatric psychiatric disorders involving mood and behavioral dysregulation. Method: Two hundred fifty-two youths (7–18 years old) completed child and adult facial expression recognition subtests from the Diagnostic Analysis of Nonverbal Accuracy (DANVA) instrument. Forty-two participants had bipolar disorder (BD), 39 had severe mood dysregulation (SMD; i.e., chronic irritability, hyperarousal without manic episodes), 44 had anxiety and/or major depressive disorders (ANX/MDD), 35 had attention-deficit/hyperactivity and/or conduct disorder (ADHD/CD), and 92 were controls. Dependent measures were number of errors labeling happy, angry, sad, or fearful emotions. Results: BD and SMD patients made more errors than ANX/MDD, ADHD/CD, or controls when labeling adult or child emotional expressions. BD and SMD patients did not differ in their emotion-labeling deficits. Conclusions: Face-emotion labeling deficits differentiate BD and SMD patients from patients with ANX/MDD or ADHD/CD and controls. The extent to which such deficits cause vs. result from emotional dysregulation requires further study. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01758.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163

Effects of methylphenidate on working memory components: influence of measurement / Anne-Claude BEDARD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.872–880 Titre : Effects of methylphenidate on working memory components: influence of measurement Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne-Claude BEDARD, Auteur ; Rosemary TANNOCK, Auteur ; Umesh JAIN, Auteur ; Sheilah HOGG-JOHNSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.872–880 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder methylphenidate working-memory children adolescents clinical-trial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: To investigate the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on components of working memory (WM) in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and determine the responsiveness of WM measures to MPH. Methods: Participants were a clinical sample of 50 children and adolescents with ADHD, aged 6 to 16 years old, who participated in an acute randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial with single challenges of three MPH doses. Four components of WM were investigated, which varied in processing demands (storage versus manipulation of information) and modality (auditory-verbal; visual-spatial), each of which was indexed by a minimum of two separate measures. Results: MPH improved the ability to store visual-spatial information irrespective of instrument used, but had no effects on the storage of auditory-verbal information. By contrast, MPH enhanced the ability to manipulate both auditory-verbal and visual-spatial information, although effects were instrument specific in both cases. Conclusions: MPH effects on WM are selective: they vary as a function of WM component and measurement. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01760.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163 [article] Effects of methylphenidate on working memory components: influence of measurement [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne-Claude BEDARD, Auteur ; Rosemary TANNOCK, Auteur ; Umesh JAIN, Auteur ; Sheilah HOGG-JOHNSON, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.872–880. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.872–880 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder methylphenidate working-memory children adolescents clinical-trial Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: To investigate the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on components of working memory (WM) in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and determine the responsiveness of WM measures to MPH. Methods: Participants were a clinical sample of 50 children and adolescents with ADHD, aged 6 to 16 years old, who participated in an acute randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial with single challenges of three MPH doses. Four components of WM were investigated, which varied in processing demands (storage versus manipulation of information) and modality (auditory-verbal; visual-spatial), each of which was indexed by a minimum of two separate measures. Results: MPH improved the ability to store visual-spatial information irrespective of instrument used, but had no effects on the storage of auditory-verbal information. By contrast, MPH enhanced the ability to manipulate both auditory-verbal and visual-spatial information, although effects were instrument specific in both cases. Conclusions: MPH effects on WM are selective: they vary as a function of WM component and measurement. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01760.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163

Neural and behavioral correlates of expectancy violations in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder / Sarah DURSTON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.881–889 Titre : Neural and behavioral correlates of expectancy violations in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah DURSTON, Auteur ; Herman VAN ENGELAND, Auteur ; Anouk SCHERES, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur ; Adriana GALVAN, Auteur ; Julie A. SPICER, Auteur ; Martijn J. MULDER, Auteur ; Matthew C. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.881–889 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD fMRI expectancy fronto-cerebellar Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood with established problems in cognitive control and associated fronto-striatal circuitry. More recently, fronto-cerebellar circuits have been implicated in this disorder. Both of these circuits are important in predicting the occurrence and timing of behaviorally relevant events and in detecting violations of these predictions. Therefore, we hypothesized that the ability to predict the occurrence of frequent events would be compromised in ADHD, as well as the ability to adapt behavior when expectancy was violated. Methods: We used rapid, mixed-trial, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine cognitive and neural processes in two independent samples of children and adolescents with ADHD and matched controls. Subjects performed a variation of a go-no/go task where the predictability of stimulus identity (what) and timing (when) was manipulated. Results: Behaviorally, children and adolescents with ADHD had increased variability in reaction times, and decreased benefit in reaction time when events were predictable. Differences in accuracy between groups were most reliable for temporally unpredictable trials. Functional imaging results from both samples showed that relative to the control children and adolescents, individuals with ADHD had diminished cerebellar activity to violations of stimulus timing and diminished ventral prefrontal and anterior cingulate activity to violations in stimulus timing and identity. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the view that disruptive behaviors in inappropriate contexts, a major criterion in diagnosing ADHD, may be related to an impaired ability to predict temporal and contextual cues in the environment, thus hindering the ability to alter behavior when they change. This ability requires intact fronto-cerebellar, as well as fronto-striatal circuitry. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01754.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163 [article] Neural and behavioral correlates of expectancy violations in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah DURSTON, Auteur ; Herman VAN ENGELAND, Auteur ; Anouk SCHERES, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur ; Adriana GALVAN, Auteur ; Julie A. SPICER, Auteur ; Martijn J. MULDER, Auteur ; Matthew C. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.881–889. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.881–889 Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD fMRI expectancy fronto-cerebellar Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder in childhood with established problems in cognitive control and associated fronto-striatal circuitry. More recently, fronto-cerebellar circuits have been implicated in this disorder. Both of these circuits are important in predicting the occurrence and timing of behaviorally relevant events and in detecting violations of these predictions. Therefore, we hypothesized that the ability to predict the occurrence of frequent events would be compromised in ADHD, as well as the ability to adapt behavior when expectancy was violated. Methods: We used rapid, mixed-trial, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine cognitive and neural processes in two independent samples of children and adolescents with ADHD and matched controls. Subjects performed a variation of a go-no/go task where the predictability of stimulus identity (what) and timing (when) was manipulated. Results: Behaviorally, children and adolescents with ADHD had increased variability in reaction times, and decreased benefit in reaction time when events were predictable. Differences in accuracy between groups were most reliable for temporally unpredictable trials. Functional imaging results from both samples showed that relative to the control children and adolescents, individuals with ADHD had diminished cerebellar activity to violations of stimulus timing and diminished ventral prefrontal and anterior cingulate activity to violations in stimulus timing and identity. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the view that disruptive behaviors in inappropriate contexts, a major criterion in diagnosing ADHD, may be related to an impaired ability to predict temporal and contextual cues in the environment, thus hindering the ability to alter behavior when they change. This ability requires intact fronto-cerebellar, as well as fronto-striatal circuitry. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01754.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163

Heart rate and reinforcement sensitivity in ADHD / Marjolein LUMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.890–898 Titre : Heart rate and reinforcement sensitivity in ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marjolein LUMAN, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Christopher HYDE, Auteur ; Catharina S. VAN MEEL, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.890–898 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD reinforcement feedback motivation task-engagement heart-rate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Both theoretical and clinical accounts of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) implicate a dysfunctional reinforcement system. This study investigated heart rate parameters in response to feedback associated with reward and response cost in ADHD children and controls aged 8 to 12. Methods: Heart rate responses (HRRs) following feedback and heart rate variability (HRV) in the low frequency band (.04–.08 Hz), a measure of mental effort, were calculated during a time production paradigm. Performance was coupled to monetary gain, loss or feedback-only in a cross-over design. Results: Children with ADHD exhibited smaller HRRs to feedback compared to controls. HRV of children with ADHD decreased when performance was coupled to reward or response cost compared to feedback-only. HRV of controls was similar across conditions. Conclusions: Children with ADHD were characterised by (a) possible abnormalities in feedback monitoring and (b) motivational deficits, when no external reinforcement is present. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01769.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163 [article] Heart rate and reinforcement sensitivity in ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marjolein LUMAN, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Christopher HYDE, Auteur ; Catharina S. VAN MEEL, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.890–898. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.890–898 Mots-clés : ADHD reinforcement feedback motivation task-engagement heart-rate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Both theoretical and clinical accounts of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) implicate a dysfunctional reinforcement system. This study investigated heart rate parameters in response to feedback associated with reward and response cost in ADHD children and controls aged 8 to 12. Methods: Heart rate responses (HRRs) following feedback and heart rate variability (HRV) in the low frequency band (.04–.08 Hz), a measure of mental effort, were calculated during a time production paradigm. Performance was coupled to monetary gain, loss or feedback-only in a cross-over design. Results: Children with ADHD exhibited smaller HRRs to feedback compared to controls. HRV of children with ADHD decreased when performance was coupled to reward or response cost compared to feedback-only. HRV of controls was similar across conditions. Conclusions: Children with ADHD were characterised by (a) possible abnormalities in feedback monitoring and (b) motivational deficits, when no external reinforcement is present. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01769.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163

ADHD- and medication-related brain activation effects in concordantly affected parent–child dyads with ADHD / Jeffery N. EPSTEIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.899–913 Titre : ADHD- and medication-related brain activation effects in concordantly affected parent–child dyads with ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jeffery N. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Lisa A. KOTLER, Auteur ; Alan VITOLO, Auteur ; Keith M. SHAFRITZ, Auteur ; Gary GLOVER, Auteur ; Amy GARRETT, Auteur ; Julie A. SPICER, Auteur ; Matthew C. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur ; Stephen P. HINSHAW, Auteur ; Laurence L. GREENHILL, Auteur ; Simon T. TONEV, Auteur ; Matthew A. JARRETT, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.899–913 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD adolescence adulthood brain-imaging development fMRI methylphenidate neuropsychology children parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Several studies have documented fronto-striatal dysfunction in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using response inhibition tasks. Our objective was to examine functional brain abnormalities among youths and adults with ADHD and to examine the relations between these neurobiological abnormalities and response to stimulant medication. Method: A group of concordantly diagnosed ADHD parent–child dyads was compared to a matched sample of normal parent–child dyads. In addition, ADHD dyads were administered double-blind methylphenidate and placebo in a counterbalanced fashion over two consecutive days of testing. Frontostriatal function was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during performance of a go/no-go task. Results: Youths and adults with ADHD showed attenuated activity in fronto-striatal regions. In addition, adults with ADHD appeared to activate non-fronto-striatal regions more than normals. A stimulant medication trial showed that among youths, stimulant medication increased activation in fronto-striatal and cerebellar regions. In adults with ADHD, increases in activation were observed in the striatum and cerebellum, but not in prefrontal regions. Conclusions: This study extends findings of fronto-striatal dysfunction to adults with ADHD and highlights the importance of frontostriatal and frontocerebellar circuitry in this disorder, providing evidence of an endophenotype for examining the genetics of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01761.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163 [article] ADHD- and medication-related brain activation effects in concordantly affected parent–child dyads with ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jeffery N. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Lisa A. KOTLER, Auteur ; Alan VITOLO, Auteur ; Keith M. SHAFRITZ, Auteur ; Gary GLOVER, Auteur ; Amy GARRETT, Auteur ; Julie A. SPICER, Auteur ; Matthew C. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; B.J. CASEY, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur ; Stephen P. HINSHAW, Auteur ; Laurence L. GREENHILL, Auteur ; Simon T. TONEV, Auteur ; Matthew A. JARRETT, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.899–913. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.899–913 Mots-clés : ADHD adolescence adulthood brain-imaging development fMRI methylphenidate neuropsychology children parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Several studies have documented fronto-striatal dysfunction in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using response inhibition tasks. Our objective was to examine functional brain abnormalities among youths and adults with ADHD and to examine the relations between these neurobiological abnormalities and response to stimulant medication. Method: A group of concordantly diagnosed ADHD parent–child dyads was compared to a matched sample of normal parent–child dyads. In addition, ADHD dyads were administered double-blind methylphenidate and placebo in a counterbalanced fashion over two consecutive days of testing. Frontostriatal function was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during performance of a go/no-go task. Results: Youths and adults with ADHD showed attenuated activity in fronto-striatal regions. In addition, adults with ADHD appeared to activate non-fronto-striatal regions more than normals. A stimulant medication trial showed that among youths, stimulant medication increased activation in fronto-striatal and cerebellar regions. In adults with ADHD, increases in activation were observed in the striatum and cerebellum, but not in prefrontal regions. Conclusions: This study extends findings of fronto-striatal dysfunction to adults with ADHD and highlights the importance of frontostriatal and frontocerebellar circuitry in this disorder, providing evidence of an endophenotype for examining the genetics of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01761.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163

Overlap and specificity of genetic and environmental influences on mathematics and reading disability in 10-year-old twins / Yulia KOVAS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.914–922 Titre : Overlap and specificity of genetic and environmental influences on mathematics and reading disability in 10-year-old twins Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yulia KOVAS, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Philip S. DALE, Auteur ; Nicole HARLAAR, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur ; Claire Margaret Alison HAWORTH, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.914–922 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mathematical-disability reading-disability twin-method genetic-correlation etiology behavioral-genetics child-development comorbidity learning-difficulties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: To what extent do genetic and environmental influences on reading disability overlap with those on mathematics disability? Multivariate genetic research on the normal range of variation in unselected samples has led to a Generalist Genes Hypothesis which posits that the same genes largely affect individual differences in these abilities in the normal range. However, little is known about the etiology of co-morbidity for the disability extremes of reading and mathematics. Method: From 2596 pairs of 10-year-old monozygotic and dizygotic twins assessed on a web-based battery of reading and mathematics tests, we selected the lowest 15% on reading and on mathematics. We conducted bivariate DeFries–Fulker (DF) extremes analyses to assess overlap and specificity of genetic and environmental influences on reading and mathematics disability defined by a 15% cut-off. Results: Both reading and mathematics disability are moderately heritable (47% and 43%, respectively) and show only modest shared environmental influence (16% and 20%). There is substantial phenotypic co-morbidity between reading and mathematics disability. Bivariate DF extremes analyses yielded a genetic correlation of .67 between reading disability and mathematics disability, suggesting that they are affected largely by the same genetic factors. The shared environmental correlation is .96 and the non-shared environmental correlation is .08. Conclusions: In line with the Generalist Genes Hypothesis, the same set of generalist genes largely affects mathematical and reading disabilities. The dissociation between the disabilities occurs largely due to independent non-shared environmental influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01748..x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163 [article] Overlap and specificity of genetic and environmental influences on mathematics and reading disability in 10-year-old twins [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yulia KOVAS, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Philip S. DALE, Auteur ; Nicole HARLAAR, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur ; Claire Margaret Alison HAWORTH, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.914–922. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.914–922 Mots-clés : Mathematical-disability reading-disability twin-method genetic-correlation etiology behavioral-genetics child-development comorbidity learning-difficulties Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: To what extent do genetic and environmental influences on reading disability overlap with those on mathematics disability? Multivariate genetic research on the normal range of variation in unselected samples has led to a Generalist Genes Hypothesis which posits that the same genes largely affect individual differences in these abilities in the normal range. However, little is known about the etiology of co-morbidity for the disability extremes of reading and mathematics. Method: From 2596 pairs of 10-year-old monozygotic and dizygotic twins assessed on a web-based battery of reading and mathematics tests, we selected the lowest 15% on reading and on mathematics. We conducted bivariate DeFries–Fulker (DF) extremes analyses to assess overlap and specificity of genetic and environmental influences on reading and mathematics disability defined by a 15% cut-off. Results: Both reading and mathematics disability are moderately heritable (47% and 43%, respectively) and show only modest shared environmental influence (16% and 20%). There is substantial phenotypic co-morbidity between reading and mathematics disability. Bivariate DF extremes analyses yielded a genetic correlation of .67 between reading disability and mathematics disability, suggesting that they are affected largely by the same genetic factors. The shared environmental correlation is .96 and the non-shared environmental correlation is .08. Conclusions: In line with the Generalist Genes Hypothesis, the same set of generalist genes largely affects mathematical and reading disabilities. The dissociation between the disabilities occurs largely due to independent non-shared environmental influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01748..x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=163

Very early phonological and language skills: estimating individual risk of reading disability / Anne PUOLAKANAHO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.923–931 Titre : Very early phonological and language skills: estimating individual risk of reading disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne PUOLAKANAHO, Auteur ; Timo AHONEN, Auteur ; Mikko ARO, Auteur ; Kenneth EKLUND, Auteur ; Paavo H. T. LEPPÄNEN, Auteur ; Anna-Maija POIKKEUS, Auteur ; Asko TOLVANEN, Auteur ; Minna TORPPA, Auteur ; Heikki LYYTINEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.923–931 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Longitudinal-study dyslexia reading-disability phonological-awareness letter-knowledge rapid-naming prediction estimation childhood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Analyses from the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia project show that the key childhood predictors (phonological awareness, short-term memory, rapid naming, expressive vocabulary, pseudoword repetition, and letter naming) of dyslexia differentiate the group with reading disability (n = 46) and the group without reading problems (n = 152) at the end of the 2nd grade. These measures were employed at the ages of 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 years and information regarding the familial risk of dyslexia was used to find the most sensitive indices of an individual child's risk for reading disability. Methods: Age-specific and across-age logistic regression models were constructed to produce the risk indices. The predictive ability of the risk indices was explored using the ROC (receiver operating curve) plot. Information from the logistic models was further utilised in illustrating the risk with probability curve presentations. Results: The logistic regression models with familial risk,letter knowledge, phonological awareness and RAN provided a prediction probability above .80 (area under ROC). Conclusions: The models including familial risk status and the three above-mentioned measures offer a rough screening procedure for estimating an individual child's risk for reading disability at the age of 3.5 years. Probability curves are presented as a method of illustrating the risk. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01763.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164 [article] Very early phonological and language skills: estimating individual risk of reading disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne PUOLAKANAHO, Auteur ; Timo AHONEN, Auteur ; Mikko ARO, Auteur ; Kenneth EKLUND, Auteur ; Paavo H. T. LEPPÄNEN, Auteur ; Anna-Maija POIKKEUS, Auteur ; Asko TOLVANEN, Auteur ; Minna TORPPA, Auteur ; Heikki LYYTINEN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.923–931. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.923–931 Mots-clés : Longitudinal-study dyslexia reading-disability phonological-awareness letter-knowledge rapid-naming prediction estimation childhood Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Analyses from the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia project show that the key childhood predictors (phonological awareness, short-term memory, rapid naming, expressive vocabulary, pseudoword repetition, and letter naming) of dyslexia differentiate the group with reading disability (n = 46) and the group without reading problems (n = 152) at the end of the 2nd grade. These measures were employed at the ages of 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 years and information regarding the familial risk of dyslexia was used to find the most sensitive indices of an individual child's risk for reading disability. Methods: Age-specific and across-age logistic regression models were constructed to produce the risk indices. The predictive ability of the risk indices was explored using the ROC (receiver operating curve) plot. Information from the logistic models was further utilised in illustrating the risk with probability curve presentations. Results: The logistic regression models with familial risk,letter knowledge, phonological awareness and RAN provided a prediction probability above .80 (area under ROC). Conclusions: The models including familial risk status and the three above-mentioned measures offer a rough screening procedure for estimating an individual child's risk for reading disability at the age of 3.5 years. Probability curves are presented as a method of illustrating the risk. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01763.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164

Between a ROC and a hard place: decision making and making decisions about using the SCQ / Christina M. CORSELLO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.932–940 Titre : Between a ROC and a hard place: decision making and making decisions about using the SCQ Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christina M. CORSELLO, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Susan RISI, Auteur ; Vanessa HUS, Auteur ; Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur ; Bennett L. LEVENTHAL, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.932–940 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder diagnosis screening Social-Communication-Questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), formerly the Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ), is based on a well-validated parent interview, the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI). It has shown promise as a screening measure for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in a research-referred older sample, though recent studies with younger children reported lower sensitivities when using the suggested cutoff of ≥15 to differentiate ASDs from children with nonspectrum disorders (NS). Methods: Diagnostic discrimination of the SCQ was evaluated alone and in combination with the ADOS (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) in a clinical and research-referred sample of 590 children and adolescents (2 to 16 years), with best estimate consensus diagnoses of autism, pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and non-ASD disorders. The SCQ was completed before the evaluation in most cases. Performance of the SCQ was also compared with the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R). Results: Absolute scores and sensitivity in the younger children and specificity for all groups were lower than reported in the original study. Using receiver operating curves (ROC) to examine the area under the curve (AUC), the SCQ was more similar to the ADI-R total score in differentiating ASD from NS disorders in the older (8–10, >11) than younger age groups (<5, 5–7). Lowering the cutoff score in the 2 younger groups improved sensitivity, with specificity remaining relatively low in all groups. Using the SCQ in combination with the ADOS resulted in improved specificity. Diagnostic discrimination was best using the ADI-R and ADOS in combination. Conclusions: Those interested in using the SCQ should consider adjusting cutoff scores according to age and purpose, and using it in combination with another measure. Sensitivity or specificity may be prioritized for research or screening depending on goals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01762.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164 [article] Between a ROC and a hard place: decision making and making decisions about using the SCQ [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christina M. CORSELLO, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Susan RISI, Auteur ; Vanessa HUS, Auteur ; Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur ; Bennett L. LEVENTHAL, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.932–940. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.932–940 Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder diagnosis screening Social-Communication-Questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), formerly the Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ), is based on a well-validated parent interview, the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI). It has shown promise as a screening measure for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in a research-referred older sample, though recent studies with younger children reported lower sensitivities when using the suggested cutoff of ≥15 to differentiate ASDs from children with nonspectrum disorders (NS). Methods: Diagnostic discrimination of the SCQ was evaluated alone and in combination with the ADOS (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) in a clinical and research-referred sample of 590 children and adolescents (2 to 16 years), with best estimate consensus diagnoses of autism, pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and non-ASD disorders. The SCQ was completed before the evaluation in most cases. Performance of the SCQ was also compared with the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R). Results: Absolute scores and sensitivity in the younger children and specificity for all groups were lower than reported in the original study. Using receiver operating curves (ROC) to examine the area under the curve (AUC), the SCQ was more similar to the ADI-R total score in differentiating ASD from NS disorders in the older (8–10, >11) than younger age groups (<5, 5–7). Lowering the cutoff score in the 2 younger groups improved sensitivity, with specificity remaining relatively low in all groups. Using the SCQ in combination with the ADOS resulted in improved specificity. Diagnostic discrimination was best using the ADI-R and ADOS in combination. Conclusions: Those interested in using the SCQ should consider adjusting cutoff scores according to age and purpose, and using it in combination with another measure. Sensitivity or specificity may be prioritized for research or screening depending on goals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01762.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164

Family context and young children's responses to earthquake / Laura J. PROCTOR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.941–949 Titre : Family context and young children's responses to earthquake Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura J. PROCTOR, Auteur ; Gayla MARGOLIN, Auteur ; Angèle FAUCHIER, Auteur ; Pamella H. OLIVER, Auteur ; Michelle C. RAMOS, Auteur ; Martha A. RIOS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.941–949 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Disaster distress parent–child-interaction protective-factors risk-factors stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Family context can affect children's vulnerability to various stresses, but little is known regarding the role of family variables on children's reactions to natural disaster. This prospective study examined the influence of predisaster observed parenting behaviors and postdisaster parental stress on young children's distress following an earthquake. Methods: Participants were 117 two-parent families with a child age 4–5 at the initial assessment. The families experienced different degrees of impact from the earthquake. Pre-earthquake family context comprised observations of parents’ positive and negative behaviors during a parent–child play task. Eight months after the earthquake, mothers reported symptoms of parental stress and children's distress. Results: Earthquake impact and children's distress symptoms were moderately correlated (r = .44), but certain pre-earthquake parental behaviors moderated the relationship. The dose–response association between earthquake impact and children's symptoms did not hold for families in which fathers showed high levels of negative behaviors with daughters, or mothers showed low levels of positive behaviors with sons. In addition, results consistent with full mediation for boys (and partial mediation for girls) indicated that 86% of the total effect of earthquake impact on boys’ distress (and 29% on girls’ distress) occurred through the mediator of reported parental stress. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that young children's responses to an abrupt, negative environmental event, such as an earthquake, are influenced in part by the nature of the parent–child relationship prior to the event as well as by the responses parents exhibit following the event. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01771.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164 [article] Family context and young children's responses to earthquake [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura J. PROCTOR, Auteur ; Gayla MARGOLIN, Auteur ; Angèle FAUCHIER, Auteur ; Pamella H. OLIVER, Auteur ; Michelle C. RAMOS, Auteur ; Martha A. RIOS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.941–949. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.941–949 Mots-clés : Disaster distress parent–child-interaction protective-factors risk-factors stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Family context can affect children's vulnerability to various stresses, but little is known regarding the role of family variables on children's reactions to natural disaster. This prospective study examined the influence of predisaster observed parenting behaviors and postdisaster parental stress on young children's distress following an earthquake. Methods: Participants were 117 two-parent families with a child age 4–5 at the initial assessment. The families experienced different degrees of impact from the earthquake. Pre-earthquake family context comprised observations of parents’ positive and negative behaviors during a parent–child play task. Eight months after the earthquake, mothers reported symptoms of parental stress and children's distress. Results: Earthquake impact and children's distress symptoms were moderately correlated (r = .44), but certain pre-earthquake parental behaviors moderated the relationship. The dose–response association between earthquake impact and children's symptoms did not hold for families in which fathers showed high levels of negative behaviors with daughters, or mothers showed low levels of positive behaviors with sons. In addition, results consistent with full mediation for boys (and partial mediation for girls) indicated that 86% of the total effect of earthquake impact on boys’ distress (and 29% on girls’ distress) occurred through the mediator of reported parental stress. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that young children's responses to an abrupt, negative environmental event, such as an earthquake, are influenced in part by the nature of the parent–child relationship prior to the event as well as by the responses parents exhibit following the event. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01771.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164

Prevalence and correlates of psychopathology in a sample of deaf adolescents / Tiejo VAN GENT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.950–958 Titre : Prevalence and correlates of psychopathology in a sample of deaf adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tiejo VAN GENT, Auteur ; Arnold W. GOEDHART, Auteur ; Peter A. HINDLEY, Auteur ; Philip D.A. TREFFERS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.950–958 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychopathology deaf adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Aims: To examine prevalence and correlates of psychopathology in deaf adolescents using a multi-method multi-informant approach. Methods: Data for the study came from checklist assessments by parents (Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)) and teachers (Teacher's Report Form (TRF)) of 70 deaf adolescents aged 13 to 21 years, from semi-structured clinical interviews of the adolescents (Semi-structured Clinical Interview for Children and Adolescents (SCICA)), and from expert ratings of dossier data. Results: The percentages of Total Problems scores in the borderline clinical range in this population as found with the CBCL, TRF and SCICA are 28%, 32% and 49–63% respectively. Expert dossier ratings identified psychiatric caseness in 49% and DSM-classifications in 46% of the adolescents (primary classifications: emotional disorder 27%, behavioral disorder 11%, other disorder 7%). Cross-informant agreement between single ratings and expert dossier ratings was better than agreement between single ratings. Logistic regression analyses revealed that low IQ, a signing mode of communication and a history of three or more physical disorders were associated with psychiatric caseness. Conclusions: Findings suggest a high prevalence of psychopathology in the population studied and argue for a special focus on the early detection of significant emotional and behavioral problems as well as a multi-informant approach to the assessment of disorder in deaf children and adolescents. The correlational findings support the view that it is not deafness per se that contributes to psychiatric problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01775.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164 [article] Prevalence and correlates of psychopathology in a sample of deaf adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tiejo VAN GENT, Auteur ; Arnold W. GOEDHART, Auteur ; Peter A. HINDLEY, Auteur ; Philip D.A. TREFFERS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.950–958. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.950–958 Mots-clés : Psychopathology deaf adolescents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Aims: To examine prevalence and correlates of psychopathology in deaf adolescents using a multi-method multi-informant approach. Methods: Data for the study came from checklist assessments by parents (Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)) and teachers (Teacher's Report Form (TRF)) of 70 deaf adolescents aged 13 to 21 years, from semi-structured clinical interviews of the adolescents (Semi-structured Clinical Interview for Children and Adolescents (SCICA)), and from expert ratings of dossier data. Results: The percentages of Total Problems scores in the borderline clinical range in this population as found with the CBCL, TRF and SCICA are 28%, 32% and 49–63% respectively. Expert dossier ratings identified psychiatric caseness in 49% and DSM-classifications in 46% of the adolescents (primary classifications: emotional disorder 27%, behavioral disorder 11%, other disorder 7%). Cross-informant agreement between single ratings and expert dossier ratings was better than agreement between single ratings. Logistic regression analyses revealed that low IQ, a signing mode of communication and a history of three or more physical disorders were associated with psychiatric caseness. Conclusions: Findings suggest a high prevalence of psychopathology in the population studied and argue for a special focus on the early detection of significant emotional and behavioral problems as well as a multi-informant approach to the assessment of disorder in deaf children and adolescents. The correlational findings support the view that it is not deafness per se that contributes to psychiatric problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01775.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=164

Dynamic mapping of cortical development before and after the onset of pediatric bipolar illness / Nitin GOGTAY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-9 (September 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.852–862 Titre : Dynamic mapping of cortical development before and after the onset of pediatric bipolar illness Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nitin GOGTAY, Auteur ; Liv S. CLASEN, Auteur ; Paul M. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Arthur W. TOGA, Auteur ; Tom F. III NUGENT, Auteur ; David JUNG, Auteur ; Wendy SHARP, Auteur ; Marge LENANE, Auteur ; Kiralee M. HAYASHI, Auteur ; David H. HERMAN, Auteur ; Anna ORDONEZ, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Judith RAPOPORT, Auteur ; Deanna GREENSTEIN, Auteur ; Jay N. GIEDD, Auteur ; Catherine VAITUZIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.852–862 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pediatric bipolar MRI mapping gray matter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There are, to date, no pre-post onset longitudinal imaging studies of bipolar disorder at any age. We report the first prospective study of cortical brain development in pediatric bipolar illness for 9 male children, visualized before and after illness onset. Method: We contrast this pattern with that observed in a matched group of healthy children as well as in a matched group of 8 children with ‘atypical psychosis’ who had similar initial presentation marked by mood dysregulation and transient psychosis (labeled as ‘multi-dimensionally impaired’ (MDI)) as in the bipolar group, but have not, to date, developed bipolar illness. Results: Dynamic maps, reconstructed by applying novel cortical pattern matching algorithms, for the children who became bipolar I showed subtle, regionally specific, bilaterally asymmetrical cortical changes. Cortical GM increased over the left temporal cortex and decreased bilaterally in the anterior (and sub genual) cingulate cortex. This was seen most strikingly after the illness onset, and showed a pattern distinct from that seen in childhood onset schizophrenia. The bipolar neurodevelopmental trajectory was generally shared by the children who remained with MDI diagnosis without converting to bipolar I, suggesting that this pattern of cortical development may reflect affective dysregulation (lability) in general. Conclusions: These dynamic trajectories of cortical development may explain age-related disparate findings from cross-sectional studies of bipolar illness, and suggest the importance of mood disordered non-bipolar control group in future studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01747.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Dynamic mapping of cortical development before and after the onset of pediatric bipolar illness [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nitin GOGTAY, Auteur ; Liv S. CLASEN, Auteur ; Paul M. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Arthur W. TOGA, Auteur ; Tom F. III NUGENT, Auteur ; David JUNG, Auteur ; Wendy SHARP, Auteur ; Marge LENANE, Auteur ; Kiralee M. HAYASHI, Auteur ; David H. HERMAN, Auteur ; Anna ORDONEZ, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Judith RAPOPORT, Auteur ; Deanna GREENSTEIN, Auteur ; Jay N. GIEDD, Auteur ; Catherine VAITUZIS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.852–862. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-9 (September 2007) . - p.852–862 Mots-clés : Pediatric bipolar MRI mapping gray matter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: There are, to date, no pre-post onset longitudinal imaging studies of bipolar disorder at any age. We report the first prospective study of cortical brain development in pediatric bipolar illness for 9 male children, visualized before and after illness onset. Method: We contrast this pattern with that observed in a matched group of healthy children as well as in a matched group of 8 children with ‘atypical psychosis’ who had similar initial presentation marked by mood dysregulation and transient psychosis (labeled as ‘multi-dimensionally impaired’ (MDI)) as in the bipolar group, but have not, to date, developed bipolar illness. Results: Dynamic maps, reconstructed by applying novel cortical pattern matching algorithms, for the children who became bipolar I showed subtle, regionally specific, bilaterally asymmetrical cortical changes. Cortical GM increased over the left temporal cortex and decreased bilaterally in the anterior (and sub genual) cingulate cortex. This was seen most strikingly after the illness onset, and showed a pattern distinct from that seen in childhood onset schizophrenia. The bipolar neurodevelopmental trajectory was generally shared by the children who remained with MDI diagnosis without converting to bipolar I, suggesting that this pattern of cortical development may reflect affective dysregulation (lability) in general. Conclusions: These dynamic trajectories of cortical development may explain age-related disparate findings from cross-sectional studies of bipolar illness, and suggest the importance of mood disordered non-bipolar control group in future studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01747.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422