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How are parental reactions to children’s emotions linked with Theory of Mind in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder? / Stéphanie MAZZONE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 40 (August 2017)
[article]
Titre : How are parental reactions to children’s emotions linked with Theory of Mind in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stéphanie MAZZONE, Auteur ; Nathalie NADER-GROSBOIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.41-53 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Reactions Emotions Theory of mind Autism spectrum disorders Socialization Beliefs Mental states Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Based on the model of ‘Parental Socialization of Emotions’ (Eisenberg, Cumberland, & Spinrad, 1998), these studies examined the profiles of parental reactions to their children’s emotions and the relation between these reactions and their ASD children’s ToM abilities. They could help identify protective versus risk factors in their ToM development. Method The participants in Study 1 included 29 mothers and 29 fathers of ASD children (26 boys and 3 girls). In Study 2, 39 mothers and 31 fathers and their ASD children participated. In both studies, mothers and fathers independently completed a questionnaire about their reactions to their children’s emotions. In Study 2 only, children’s ToM abilities were assessed by means of direct measures and a questionnaire completed by parents. Results The results indicated that mothers displayed more encouragement and less minimizing responses to their ASD children’s negative emotions than fathers. For both maternal and paternal model analysed by stepwise regressions, the results highlighted specific links between each parent’s reactions and children’s ToM abilities that varied according to mental states. These findings suggested that parental reactions which help the children to understand how they can solve problems are protective factors, while parental reactions which deprive children of an opportunity to explore their feelings are risk factors. Conclusion These studies provide new information about how parental reactions to children’s emotions could socialise ASD children’s ToM abilities better; this could be useful for adapting parental support programmes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.05.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=317
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 40 (August 2017) . - p.41-53[article] How are parental reactions to children’s emotions linked with Theory of Mind in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stéphanie MAZZONE, Auteur ; Nathalie NADER-GROSBOIS, Auteur . - p.41-53.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 40 (August 2017) . - p.41-53
Mots-clés : Reactions Emotions Theory of mind Autism spectrum disorders Socialization Beliefs Mental states Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Based on the model of ‘Parental Socialization of Emotions’ (Eisenberg, Cumberland, & Spinrad, 1998), these studies examined the profiles of parental reactions to their children’s emotions and the relation between these reactions and their ASD children’s ToM abilities. They could help identify protective versus risk factors in their ToM development. Method The participants in Study 1 included 29 mothers and 29 fathers of ASD children (26 boys and 3 girls). In Study 2, 39 mothers and 31 fathers and their ASD children participated. In both studies, mothers and fathers independently completed a questionnaire about their reactions to their children’s emotions. In Study 2 only, children’s ToM abilities were assessed by means of direct measures and a questionnaire completed by parents. Results The results indicated that mothers displayed more encouragement and less minimizing responses to their ASD children’s negative emotions than fathers. For both maternal and paternal model analysed by stepwise regressions, the results highlighted specific links between each parent’s reactions and children’s ToM abilities that varied according to mental states. These findings suggested that parental reactions which help the children to understand how they can solve problems are protective factors, while parental reactions which deprive children of an opportunity to explore their feelings are risk factors. Conclusion These studies provide new information about how parental reactions to children’s emotions could socialise ASD children’s ToM abilities better; this could be useful for adapting parental support programmes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.05.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=317 How Easy is it to Read the Minds of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder? / Elizabeth SHEPPARD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-4 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : How Easy is it to Read the Minds of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth SHEPPARD, Auteur ; Dhanya PILLAI, Auteur ; Genevieve Tze-Lynn WONG, Auteur ; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur ; Peter MITCHELL, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : p.1247-1254 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Emotion Facial expressions Mental states Social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : How well can neurotypical adults’ interpret mental states in people with ASD? ‘Targets’ (ASD and neurotypical) reactions to four events were video-recorded then shown to neurotypical participants whose task was to identify which event the target had experienced. In study 1 participants were more successful for neurotypical than ASD targets. In study 2, participants rated ASD targets equally expressive as neurotypical targets for three of the events, while in study 3 participants gave different verbal descriptions of the reactions of ASD and neurotypical targets. It thus seems people with ASD react differently but not less expressively to events. Because neurotypicals are ineffective in interpreting the behaviour of those with ASD, this could contribute to the social difficulties in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2662-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=284
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-4 (April 2016) . - p.1247-1254[article] How Easy is it to Read the Minds of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth SHEPPARD, Auteur ; Dhanya PILLAI, Auteur ; Genevieve Tze-Lynn WONG, Auteur ; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur ; Peter MITCHELL, Auteur . - 2016 . - p.1247-1254.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-4 (April 2016) . - p.1247-1254
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders Emotion Facial expressions Mental states Social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : How well can neurotypical adults’ interpret mental states in people with ASD? ‘Targets’ (ASD and neurotypical) reactions to four events were video-recorded then shown to neurotypical participants whose task was to identify which event the target had experienced. In study 1 participants were more successful for neurotypical than ASD targets. In study 2, participants rated ASD targets equally expressive as neurotypical targets for three of the events, while in study 3 participants gave different verbal descriptions of the reactions of ASD and neurotypical targets. It thus seems people with ASD react differently but not less expressively to events. Because neurotypicals are ineffective in interpreting the behaviour of those with ASD, this could contribute to the social difficulties in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2662-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=284 Using Other Minds as a Window Onto the World: Guessing What Happened from Clues in Behaviour / Dhanya PILLAI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-10 (October 2014)
[article]
Titre : Using Other Minds as a Window Onto the World: Guessing What Happened from Clues in Behaviour Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dhanya PILLAI, Auteur ; Elizabeth SHEPPARD, Auteur ; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur ; Lauren MARSH, Auteur ; Amy PEARSON, Auteur ; Peter MITCHELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2430-2439 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mentalising Retrodiction Social cognition Mental states Face processing Eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been proposed that mentalising involves retrodicting as well as predicting behaviour, by inferring previous mental states of a target. This study investigated whether retrodiction is impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Participants watched videos of real people reacting to the researcher behaving in one of four possible ways. Their task was to decide which of these four “scenarios” each person responded to. Participants’ eye movements were recorded. Participants with ASD were poorer than comparison participants at identifying the scenario to which people in the videos were responding. There were no group differences in time spent looking at the eyes or mouth. The findings imply those with ASD are impaired in using mentalising skills for retrodiction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2106-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=240
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-10 (October 2014) . - p.2430-2439[article] Using Other Minds as a Window Onto the World: Guessing What Happened from Clues in Behaviour [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dhanya PILLAI, Auteur ; Elizabeth SHEPPARD, Auteur ; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur ; Lauren MARSH, Auteur ; Amy PEARSON, Auteur ; Peter MITCHELL, Auteur . - p.2430-2439.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-10 (October 2014) . - p.2430-2439
Mots-clés : Mentalising Retrodiction Social cognition Mental states Face processing Eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been proposed that mentalising involves retrodicting as well as predicting behaviour, by inferring previous mental states of a target. This study investigated whether retrodiction is impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Participants watched videos of real people reacting to the researcher behaving in one of four possible ways. Their task was to decide which of these four “scenarios” each person responded to. Participants’ eye movements were recorded. Participants with ASD were poorer than comparison participants at identifying the scenario to which people in the videos were responding. There were no group differences in time spent looking at the eyes or mouth. The findings imply those with ASD are impaired in using mentalising skills for retrodiction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2106-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=240 Brief Report: Young Children with Autism Can Generate Intent-Based Moral Judgments / F. MARGONI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-12 (December 2019)
[article]
Titre : Brief Report: Young Children with Autism Can Generate Intent-Based Moral Judgments Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : F. MARGONI, Auteur ; G. GUGLIELMETTI, Auteur ; L. SURIAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.5078-5085 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Executive functioning Mental states Moral judgment Processing demands Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Past research suggested that, due to difficulties in mentalistic reasoning, individuals with autism tend to base their moral judgments on the outcome of agents' actions rather than on agents' intentions. In a novel task, aimed at reducing the processing demands required to represent intentions and generate a judgment, autistic children were presented with agents that accidentally harmed or attempted but failed to harm others and were asked to judge those agents. Most of the times, children blamed the character who attempted to harm and exculpated the accidental wrongdoer, suggesting that they generated intent-based moral judgments. These findings suggest that processing limitations rather than lack of conceptual competence explain the poor performance reported in previous research on moral judgment in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04212-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=411
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-12 (December 2019) . - p.5078-5085[article] Brief Report: Young Children with Autism Can Generate Intent-Based Moral Judgments [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / F. MARGONI, Auteur ; G. GUGLIELMETTI, Auteur ; L. SURIAN, Auteur . - p.5078-5085.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-12 (December 2019) . - p.5078-5085
Mots-clés : Autism Executive functioning Mental states Moral judgment Processing demands Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Past research suggested that, due to difficulties in mentalistic reasoning, individuals with autism tend to base their moral judgments on the outcome of agents' actions rather than on agents' intentions. In a novel task, aimed at reducing the processing demands required to represent intentions and generate a judgment, autistic children were presented with agents that accidentally harmed or attempted but failed to harm others and were asked to judge those agents. Most of the times, children blamed the character who attempted to harm and exculpated the accidental wrongdoer, suggesting that they generated intent-based moral judgments. These findings suggest that processing limitations rather than lack of conceptual competence explain the poor performance reported in previous research on moral judgment in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04212-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=411 Personality traits, autobiographical memory and knowledge of self and others: A comparative study in young people with autism spectrum disorder / Sally ROBINSON in Autism, 21-3 (April 2017)
[article]
Titre : Personality traits, autobiographical memory and knowledge of self and others: A comparative study in young people with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sally ROBINSON, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.357-367 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/ psychology Case-Control Studies Child Female Humans Male Memory, Episodic Personality Psychological Tests Self Concept Asperger cognitive behavioural therapy externalising mental states self-concept theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The relationship between dissociable components of autobiographical memory (e.g. semantic personality traits and episodic memory retrieval) and other cognitive skills that are proposed to enable one to develop a sense of self (e.g. introspection) have not previously been explored for children with autism spectrum disorder. This study compared autobiographical memory (semantic and episodic) and knowledge of self (internal/external self-knowledge and introspection/mentalising abilities) in children (aged 11-18?years) with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and typically developing controls (total N=48). Novel and standard tasks were employed. Compared to typically developing controls, young people with autism spectrum disorder had autobiographical memory difficulties that were characterised by a reduction in the retrieval of semantic personality traits, with more initial prompts required to facilitate episodic memory retrieval and fewer episodic memories containing emotional and sensory information. Knowledge of the self and others was also impaired, with reduced introspection and poorer mentalising abilities. Young people with autism spectrum disorder were also identified as presenting with an atypical relationship between autobiographical memory and self-knowledge, which was significantly different from typically developing controls. Test performance is discussed in relation to the functions of autobiographical memory, with consideration of how these cognitive difficulties may contribute to clinical practices and the social and behavioural characteristics of autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316645429 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475
in Autism > 21-3 (April 2017) . - p.357-367[article] Personality traits, autobiographical memory and knowledge of self and others: A comparative study in young people with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sally ROBINSON, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur . - p.357-367.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 21-3 (April 2017) . - p.357-367
Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/ psychology Case-Control Studies Child Female Humans Male Memory, Episodic Personality Psychological Tests Self Concept Asperger cognitive behavioural therapy externalising mental states self-concept theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The relationship between dissociable components of autobiographical memory (e.g. semantic personality traits and episodic memory retrieval) and other cognitive skills that are proposed to enable one to develop a sense of self (e.g. introspection) have not previously been explored for children with autism spectrum disorder. This study compared autobiographical memory (semantic and episodic) and knowledge of self (internal/external self-knowledge and introspection/mentalising abilities) in children (aged 11-18?years) with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and typically developing controls (total N=48). Novel and standard tasks were employed. Compared to typically developing controls, young people with autism spectrum disorder had autobiographical memory difficulties that were characterised by a reduction in the retrieval of semantic personality traits, with more initial prompts required to facilitate episodic memory retrieval and fewer episodic memories containing emotional and sensory information. Knowledge of the self and others was also impaired, with reduced introspection and poorer mentalising abilities. Young people with autism spectrum disorder were also identified as presenting with an atypical relationship between autobiographical memory and self-knowledge, which was significantly different from typically developing controls. Test performance is discussed in relation to the functions of autobiographical memory, with consideration of how these cognitive difficulties may contribute to clinical practices and the social and behavioural characteristics of autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316645429 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475