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The intergenerational impact of war: longitudinal relationships between caregiver and child mental health in postconflict Sierra Leone / Theresa S. BETANCOURT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-10 (October 2015)
[article]
Titre : The intergenerational impact of war: longitudinal relationships between caregiver and child mental health in postconflict Sierra Leone Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Theresa S. BETANCOURT, Auteur ; Ryan K. MCBAIN, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. NEWNHAM, Auteur ; Robert T. BRENNAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1101-1107 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : War depression anxiety intergenerational dyadic analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Trauma from witnessing events such as bombings and killings as well as direct victimization or participation in violence has been associated with psychosocial distress and poor mental health among war-exposed children and adolescents. This study examines the relationship between caregiver mental health and child internalizing (anxiety and depression) symptoms over a 4-year period in postconflict Sierra Leone. Methods The sample included 118 adolescent Sierra Leonean youth (73% male; mean age = 16.5 years at Time 1) and their caregivers (40% male; mean age = 39.0 at Time 1). To measure depression and anxiety symptoms, the Hopkins Symptom Checklist–25 was used with adults and the Oxford Measure of Psychosocial Adjustment – previously validated for use with children and adolescents in the region – was used to assess youth. A multivariate hierarchical linear model (HLM) for studying change within dyads was implemented to study covariation in internalizing symptoms among caregivers and youth over time; these models also included covariates at the individual, family and community levels. The relationship of caregiver mental health to child's internalizing was tested in a latent variable extension of the HLM. Results The latent variable extension estimated that a one standard deviation (SD) change in caregiver anxiety/depression was associated with a .43 SD change in youth internalizing (p < .01) over the 4-year period. Family acceptance was negatively related to youth internalizing (p < .001), while community stigma was positively associated (p < .001). Conclusions The findings highlight an important interplay between caregiver and child mental health within the postconflict setting and the need for psychosocial interventions to extend beyond the individual to account for family dynamics. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12389 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-10 (October 2015) . - p.1101-1107[article] The intergenerational impact of war: longitudinal relationships between caregiver and child mental health in postconflict Sierra Leone [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Theresa S. BETANCOURT, Auteur ; Ryan K. MCBAIN, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. NEWNHAM, Auteur ; Robert T. BRENNAN, Auteur . - p.1101-1107.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-10 (October 2015) . - p.1101-1107
Mots-clés : War depression anxiety intergenerational dyadic analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Trauma from witnessing events such as bombings and killings as well as direct victimization or participation in violence has been associated with psychosocial distress and poor mental health among war-exposed children and adolescents. This study examines the relationship between caregiver mental health and child internalizing (anxiety and depression) symptoms over a 4-year period in postconflict Sierra Leone. Methods The sample included 118 adolescent Sierra Leonean youth (73% male; mean age = 16.5 years at Time 1) and their caregivers (40% male; mean age = 39.0 at Time 1). To measure depression and anxiety symptoms, the Hopkins Symptom Checklist–25 was used with adults and the Oxford Measure of Psychosocial Adjustment – previously validated for use with children and adolescents in the region – was used to assess youth. A multivariate hierarchical linear model (HLM) for studying change within dyads was implemented to study covariation in internalizing symptoms among caregivers and youth over time; these models also included covariates at the individual, family and community levels. The relationship of caregiver mental health to child's internalizing was tested in a latent variable extension of the HLM. Results The latent variable extension estimated that a one standard deviation (SD) change in caregiver anxiety/depression was associated with a .43 SD change in youth internalizing (p < .01) over the 4-year period. Family acceptance was negatively related to youth internalizing (p < .001), while community stigma was positively associated (p < .001). Conclusions The findings highlight an important interplay between caregiver and child mental health within the postconflict setting and the need for psychosocial interventions to extend beyond the individual to account for family dynamics. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12389 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269 Parental criticism and adolescent internalising symptoms: using a Children-of-Twins design with power calculations to account for genetic influence / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-5 (May 2022)
[article]
Titre : Parental criticism and adolescent internalising symptoms: using a Children-of-Twins design with power calculations to account for genetic influence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur ; Laurie HANNIGAN, Auteur ; Cathy CRESWELL, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Erica SPOTTS, Auteur ; Jody GANIBAN, Auteur ; Jenae M. NEIDERHISER, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.599-607 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Humans Parents Phenotype Sweden Twins/genetics/psychology Parenting genetics intergenerational psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Parental criticism is correlated with internalising symptoms in adolescent offspring. This correlation could in part reflect their genetic relatedness, if the same genes influence behaviours in both parents and offspring. We use a Children-of-Twins design to assess whether parent-reported criticism and offspring internalising symptoms remain associated after controlling for shared genes. To aid interpretation of our results and those of previous Children-of-Twins studies, we examine statistical power for the detection of genetic effects and explore the direction of possible causal effects between generations. METHODS: Data were drawn from two Swedish twin samples, comprising 876 adult twin pairs with adolescent offspring and 1,030 adolescent twin pairs with parents. Parent reports of criticism towards their offspring were collected concurrently with parent and offspring reports of adolescent internalising symptoms. Children-of-Twins structural equation models were used to control for genetic influence on the intergenerational association between parental criticism and adolescent internalising. RESULTS: Parental criticism was associated with adolescent internalising symptoms after controlling for genetic influence. No significant role was found for shared genes influencing phenotypes in both generations, although power analyses suggested that some genetic effects may have gone undetected. Models could not distinguish directionality for nongenetic, causal effects between generations. CONCLUSIONS: Parental criticism may be involved in psychosocial family processes in the context of adolescent internalising. Future studies should seek to identify these processes and provide clarity on the direction of potential causal effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13498 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-5 (May 2022) . - p.599-607[article] Parental criticism and adolescent internalising symptoms: using a Children-of-Twins design with power calculations to account for genetic influence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur ; Laurie HANNIGAN, Auteur ; Cathy CRESWELL, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Erica SPOTTS, Auteur ; Jody GANIBAN, Auteur ; Jenae M. NEIDERHISER, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur . - p.599-607.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-5 (May 2022) . - p.599-607
Mots-clés : Adolescent Humans Parents Phenotype Sweden Twins/genetics/psychology Parenting genetics intergenerational psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Parental criticism is correlated with internalising symptoms in adolescent offspring. This correlation could in part reflect their genetic relatedness, if the same genes influence behaviours in both parents and offspring. We use a Children-of-Twins design to assess whether parent-reported criticism and offspring internalising symptoms remain associated after controlling for shared genes. To aid interpretation of our results and those of previous Children-of-Twins studies, we examine statistical power for the detection of genetic effects and explore the direction of possible causal effects between generations. METHODS: Data were drawn from two Swedish twin samples, comprising 876 adult twin pairs with adolescent offspring and 1,030 adolescent twin pairs with parents. Parent reports of criticism towards their offspring were collected concurrently with parent and offspring reports of adolescent internalising symptoms. Children-of-Twins structural equation models were used to control for genetic influence on the intergenerational association between parental criticism and adolescent internalising. RESULTS: Parental criticism was associated with adolescent internalising symptoms after controlling for genetic influence. No significant role was found for shared genes influencing phenotypes in both generations, although power analyses suggested that some genetic effects may have gone undetected. Models could not distinguish directionality for nongenetic, causal effects between generations. CONCLUSIONS: Parental criticism may be involved in psychosocial family processes in the context of adolescent internalising. Future studies should seek to identify these processes and provide clarity on the direction of potential causal effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13498 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 Preconception and perinatal predictors of offspring attachment disorganization: Advancing the replicated evidence / Jennifer E. MCINTOSH in Development and Psychopathology, 33-1 (February 2021)
[article]
Titre : Preconception and perinatal predictors of offspring attachment disorganization: Advancing the replicated evidence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer E. MCINTOSH, Auteur ; Alexandra SCHNABEL, Auteur ; George J. YOUSSEF, Auteur ; Craig A. OLSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.240-251 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attachment disorganization intergenerational longitudinal meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attachment disorganization in early childhood is an influential yet modifiable risk factor for later mental health problems. Beyond established transmission through parents' unresolved attachment representations and caregiving sensitivity, little replicated evidence exists for wider determinants of offspring attachment disorganization. This study examined the replicated evidence for psychosocial risk factors in the preconception, prenatal, and postnatal periods. We identified all relevant longitudinal studies, and examined all risk relationships for which evidence existed in two or more cohorts (48 effects, 17 studies, N = 6,099). Study-specific and pooled risk associations were estimated and a range of moderators evaluated. Mothers' low socioeconomic status (r = .28, k = 2), perinatal loss of a child (r = .26, k = 2), caregiving intrusiveness (r = .31, k = 2), and infant male sex (r = .26, k = 4) predicted offspring attachment disorganization. Maternal sensitivity (r = -.25, k = 6) and higher metacognition during pregnancy (r = -.23, k = 3) predicted lower risk of offspring attachment disorganization. Findings suggest the origins of offspring disorganized attachment include but extend beyond maternal unresolved attachment representations and caregiving. We discuss implications for theory and for identification of modifiable risk pathways in the perinatal window. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900172x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.240-251[article] Preconception and perinatal predictors of offspring attachment disorganization: Advancing the replicated evidence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer E. MCINTOSH, Auteur ; Alexandra SCHNABEL, Auteur ; George J. YOUSSEF, Auteur ; Craig A. OLSSON, Auteur . - p.240-251.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.240-251
Mots-clés : attachment disorganization intergenerational longitudinal meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attachment disorganization in early childhood is an influential yet modifiable risk factor for later mental health problems. Beyond established transmission through parents' unresolved attachment representations and caregiving sensitivity, little replicated evidence exists for wider determinants of offspring attachment disorganization. This study examined the replicated evidence for psychosocial risk factors in the preconception, prenatal, and postnatal periods. We identified all relevant longitudinal studies, and examined all risk relationships for which evidence existed in two or more cohorts (48 effects, 17 studies, N = 6,099). Study-specific and pooled risk associations were estimated and a range of moderators evaluated. Mothers' low socioeconomic status (r = .28, k = 2), perinatal loss of a child (r = .26, k = 2), caregiving intrusiveness (r = .31, k = 2), and infant male sex (r = .26, k = 4) predicted offspring attachment disorganization. Maternal sensitivity (r = -.25, k = 6) and higher metacognition during pregnancy (r = -.23, k = 3) predicted lower risk of offspring attachment disorganization. Findings suggest the origins of offspring disorganized attachment include but extend beyond maternal unresolved attachment representations and caregiving. We discuss implications for theory and for identification of modifiable risk pathways in the perinatal window. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900172x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442