593 recherche sur le mot-clé 'low-level-perception'

Susceptibility to the Shepard illusion in participants with autism: reduced top-down influences within perception? / Peter MITCHELL in Autism Research, 3-3 (June 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.113-119 Titre : Susceptibility to the Shepard illusion in participants with autism: reduced top-down influences within perception? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Peter MITCHELL, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur ; Isabelle SOULIERES, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.113-119 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : low-level-perception visual-illusion 3D-perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research [Ropar & Mitchell, [2002]] has shown that autistic individuals are somewhat immune to biases induced by top-down processes, particularly the influence of previous knowledge on perception. In order to test this hypothesis within perception, 18 participants with autism who had measured intelligence in the normal range were compared against 18 matched controls in their susceptibility to the Shepard illusion. The illusion consists in misperceiving the shape of a parallelogram in the presence of depth cues. It is attributed [Mitchell, Ropar, Ackroyd, & Rajendran, [2005]] to the effect of top-down constraints within perception. The task involved adjusting a stimulus to the dimensions of a template on a computer screen. Both groups were susceptible to the illusion and the illusion effect was stronger when three-dimensional perspective cues were prominent. Notably, participants with autism were less susceptible to the illusion than typically developing individuals. The findings raise the possibility that in some instances top-down influences are attenuated in individuals with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.130 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=107 [article] Susceptibility to the Shepard illusion in participants with autism: reduced top-down influences within perception? [texte imprimé] / Peter MITCHELL, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur ; Isabelle SOULIERES, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.113-119. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 3-3 (June 2010) . - p.113-119 Mots-clés : low-level-perception visual-illusion 3D-perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research [Ropar & Mitchell, [2002]] has shown that autistic individuals are somewhat immune to biases induced by top-down processes, particularly the influence of previous knowledge on perception. In order to test this hypothesis within perception, 18 participants with autism who had measured intelligence in the normal range were compared against 18 matched controls in their susceptibility to the Shepard illusion. The illusion consists in misperceiving the shape of a parallelogram in the presence of depth cues. It is attributed [Mitchell, Ropar, Ackroyd, & Rajendran, [2005]] to the effect of top-down constraints within perception. The task involved adjusting a stimulus to the dimensions of a template on a computer screen. Both groups were susceptible to the illusion and the illusion effect was stronger when three-dimensional perspective cues were prominent. Notably, participants with autism were less susceptible to the illusion than typically developing individuals. The findings raise the possibility that in some instances top-down influences are attenuated in individuals with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.130 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=107

Audition-specific temporal processing deficits associated with language function in children with autism spectrum disorder / Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG in Autism Research, 10-11 (November 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-11 (November 2017) . - p.1845-1856 Titre : Audition-specific temporal processing deficits associated with language function in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Kimberly B. SCHAUDER, Auteur ; Alexandra P. KEY, Auteur ; Mark T. WALLACE, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1845-1856 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  audition  vision  temporal processing  language  low level perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sensory processing alterations are highly prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neurobiologically-based theories of ASD propose that abnormalities in the processing of temporal aspects of sensory input could underlie core symptoms of ASD. For example, rapid auditory temporal processing is critical for speech perception, and language difficulties are central to the social communication deficits defining the disorder. This study assessed visual and auditory temporal processing abilities and tested their relation to core ASD symptoms. 53 children (26 ASD, 27 TD) completed visual and auditory psychophysical gap detection tasks to measure gap detection thresholds (i.e., the minimum interval between sequential stimuli needed for individuals to perceive an interruption between the stimuli) in each domain. Children were also administered standardized language assessments such that the relation between individual differences in auditory gap detection thresholds and degree of language and communication difficulties among children with ASD could be assessed. Children with ASD had substantially higher auditory gap detection thresholds compared to children with TD, and auditory gap detection thresholds were correlated significantly with several measures of language processing in this population. No group differences were observed in the visual temporal processing. Results indicate a domain-specific impairment in rapid auditory temporal processing in ASD that is associated with greater difficulties in language processing. Findings provide qualified support for temporal processing theories of ASD and highlight the need for future research testing the nature, extent, and universality of auditory temporal processing deficits in this population. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1845–1856. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Sensory symptoms are common in ASD. Temporal processing alterations are often implicated, but understudied. The ability to process rapid sensory information, particularly auditory input, is critical for language functioning. This study tested auditory and visual temporal processing in ASD and controls. Findings suggest that rapid auditory (but not visual) processing is impaired in ASD and related to language functioning. These results could provide mechanistic clues to understanding core symptoms and lead to novel intervention targets. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1820 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=322 [article] Audition-specific temporal processing deficits associated with language function in children with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Kimberly B. SCHAUDER, Auteur ; Alexandra P. KEY, Auteur ; Mark T. WALLACE, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur . - p.1845-1856. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-11 (November 2017) . - p.1845-1856 Mots-clés : ASD  audition  vision  temporal processing  language  low level perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sensory processing alterations are highly prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neurobiologically-based theories of ASD propose that abnormalities in the processing of temporal aspects of sensory input could underlie core symptoms of ASD. For example, rapid auditory temporal processing is critical for speech perception, and language difficulties are central to the social communication deficits defining the disorder. This study assessed visual and auditory temporal processing abilities and tested their relation to core ASD symptoms. 53 children (26 ASD, 27 TD) completed visual and auditory psychophysical gap detection tasks to measure gap detection thresholds (i.e., the minimum interval between sequential stimuli needed for individuals to perceive an interruption between the stimuli) in each domain. Children were also administered standardized language assessments such that the relation between individual differences in auditory gap detection thresholds and degree of language and communication difficulties among children with ASD could be assessed. Children with ASD had substantially higher auditory gap detection thresholds compared to children with TD, and auditory gap detection thresholds were correlated significantly with several measures of language processing in this population. No group differences were observed in the visual temporal processing. Results indicate a domain-specific impairment in rapid auditory temporal processing in ASD that is associated with greater difficulties in language processing. Findings provide qualified support for temporal processing theories of ASD and highlight the need for future research testing the nature, extent, and universality of auditory temporal processing deficits in this population. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1845–1856. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Sensory symptoms are common in ASD. Temporal processing alterations are often implicated, but understudied. The ability to process rapid sensory information, particularly auditory input, is critical for language functioning. This study tested auditory and visual temporal processing in ASD and controls. Findings suggest that rapid auditory (but not visual) processing is impaired in ASD and related to language functioning. These results could provide mechanistic clues to understanding core symptoms and lead to novel intervention targets. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1820 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=322

Children With Autism Show Reduced Somatosensory Response: An MEG Study / Elysa J. MARCO in Autism Research, 5-5 (October 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 5-5 (October 2012) . - p.340-351 Titre : Children With Autism Show Reduced Somatosensory Response: An MEG Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elysa J. MARCO, Auteur ; Kasra KHATIBI, Auteur ; Susanna S. HILL, Auteur ; Bryna SIEGEL, Auteur ; Monica S. ARROYO, Auteur ; Anne F. DOWLING, Auteur ; John M. NEUHAUS, Auteur ; Elliott H. SHERR, Auteur ; Leighton B N. HINKLEY, Auteur ; Srikantan S. NAGARAJAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.340-351 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : cognitive neuroscience  event related potential  school age  low-level perception  magnetoencephalography Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The neural underpinnings of sensory processing differences in autism remain poorly understood. This prospective magnetoencephalography (MEG) study investigates whether children with autism show atypical cortical activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in comparison with matched controls. Tactile stimuli were clearly detectable, and painless taps were applied to the distal phalanx of the second (D2) and third (D3) fingers of the right and left hands. Three tactile paradigms were administered: an oddball paradigm (standard taps to D3 at an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 0.33 and deviant taps to D2 with ISI ranging from 1.32 s to 1.64 s); a slow-rate paradigm (D2) with an ISI matching the deviant taps in the oddball paradigm; and a fast-rate paradigm (D2) with an ISI matching the standard taps in the oddball. Study subjects were boys (age 7–11 years) with and without autism disorder. Sensory behavior was quantified using the Sensory Profile questionnaire. Boys with autism exhibited smaller amplitude left hemisphere S1 response to slow and deviant stimuli during the right-hand paradigms. In post-hoc analysis, tactile behavior directly correlated with the amplitude of cortical response. Consequently, the children were re-categorized by degree of parent-report tactile sensitivity. This regrouping created a more robust distinction between the groups with amplitude diminution in the left and right hemispheres and latency prolongation in the right hemisphere in the deviant and slow-rate paradigms for the affected children. This study suggests that children with autism have early differences in somatosensory processing, which likely influence later stages of cortical activity from integration to motor response. Autism Res 2012, 5: 340–351. © 2012 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1247 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=183 [article] Children With Autism Show Reduced Somatosensory Response: An MEG Study [texte imprimé] / Elysa J. MARCO, Auteur ; Kasra KHATIBI, Auteur ; Susanna S. HILL, Auteur ; Bryna SIEGEL, Auteur ; Monica S. ARROYO, Auteur ; Anne F. DOWLING, Auteur ; John M. NEUHAUS, Auteur ; Elliott H. SHERR, Auteur ; Leighton B N. HINKLEY, Auteur ; Srikantan S. NAGARAJAN, Auteur . - p.340-351. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 5-5 (October 2012) . - p.340-351 Mots-clés : cognitive neuroscience  event related potential  school age  low-level perception  magnetoencephalography Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The neural underpinnings of sensory processing differences in autism remain poorly understood. This prospective magnetoencephalography (MEG) study investigates whether children with autism show atypical cortical activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in comparison with matched controls. Tactile stimuli were clearly detectable, and painless taps were applied to the distal phalanx of the second (D2) and third (D3) fingers of the right and left hands. Three tactile paradigms were administered: an oddball paradigm (standard taps to D3 at an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 0.33 and deviant taps to D2 with ISI ranging from 1.32 s to 1.64 s); a slow-rate paradigm (D2) with an ISI matching the deviant taps in the oddball paradigm; and a fast-rate paradigm (D2) with an ISI matching the standard taps in the oddball. Study subjects were boys (age 7–11 years) with and without autism disorder. Sensory behavior was quantified using the Sensory Profile questionnaire. Boys with autism exhibited smaller amplitude left hemisphere S1 response to slow and deviant stimuli during the right-hand paradigms. In post-hoc analysis, tactile behavior directly correlated with the amplitude of cortical response. Consequently, the children were re-categorized by degree of parent-report tactile sensitivity. This regrouping created a more robust distinction between the groups with amplitude diminution in the left and right hemispheres and latency prolongation in the right hemisphere in the deviant and slow-rate paradigms for the affected children. This study suggests that children with autism have early differences in somatosensory processing, which likely influence later stages of cortical activity from integration to motor response. Autism Res 2012, 5: 340–351. © 2012 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1247 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=183

Enhanced pitch discrimination in autistic children with unexpected bilingualism / Marie BELENGER ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI ; Mikhail KISSINE in Autism Research, 17-9 (September 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-9 (September 2024) . - p.1844-1852 Titre : Enhanced pitch discrimination in autistic children with unexpected bilingualism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marie BELENGER, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1844-1852 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  enhanced auditory perception  language acquisition  low-level processing  screen exposure  unexpected bilingualism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Some autistic children acquire foreign languages from exposure to screens. Such unexpected bilingualism (UB) is therefore not driven by social interaction, rather, language acquisition appears to rely on less socially mediated learning and other cognitive processes. We hypothesize that UB children may rely on other cues, such as acoustic cues, of the linguistic input. Previous research indicates enhanced pitch processing in some autistic children, often associated with language delays and difficulties in forming stable phonological categories due to sensitivity to subtle linguistic variations. We propose that repetitive screen-based input simplifies linguistic complexity, allowing focus on individual cues. This study hypothesizes that autistic UB children exhibit superior pitch discrimination compared with both autistic and non-autistic peers. From a sample of 46 autistic French-speaking children aged 9 to 16, 12 were considered as UB. These children, along with 45 non-autistic children, participated in a two-alternative forced-choice pitch discrimination task. They listened to pairs of pure tones, 50% of which differed by 3% (easy), 2% (medium), or 1% (hard). A stringent comparison of performance revealed that only the autistic UB group performed above chance for tone pairs that differed, across all conditions. This group demonstrated superior pitch discrimination relative to autistic and non-autistic peers. This study establishes the phenomenon of UB in autism and provides evidence for enhanced pitch discrimination in this group. Acute perception of auditory information, combined with repeated language content, may facilitate UB children's focus on phonetic features, and help acquire a language with no communicative support or motivation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3221 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=535 [article] Enhanced pitch discrimination in autistic children with unexpected bilingualism [texte imprimé] / Marie BELENGER, Auteur ; Inge-Marie EIGSTI, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur . - p.1844-1852. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-9 (September 2024) . - p.1844-1852 Mots-clés : autism  enhanced auditory perception  language acquisition  low-level processing  screen exposure  unexpected bilingualism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Some autistic children acquire foreign languages from exposure to screens. Such unexpected bilingualism (UB) is therefore not driven by social interaction, rather, language acquisition appears to rely on less socially mediated learning and other cognitive processes. We hypothesize that UB children may rely on other cues, such as acoustic cues, of the linguistic input. Previous research indicates enhanced pitch processing in some autistic children, often associated with language delays and difficulties in forming stable phonological categories due to sensitivity to subtle linguistic variations. We propose that repetitive screen-based input simplifies linguistic complexity, allowing focus on individual cues. This study hypothesizes that autistic UB children exhibit superior pitch discrimination compared with both autistic and non-autistic peers. From a sample of 46 autistic French-speaking children aged 9 to 16, 12 were considered as UB. These children, along with 45 non-autistic children, participated in a two-alternative forced-choice pitch discrimination task. They listened to pairs of pure tones, 50% of which differed by 3% (easy), 2% (medium), or 1% (hard). A stringent comparison of performance revealed that only the autistic UB group performed above chance for tone pairs that differed, across all conditions. This group demonstrated superior pitch discrimination relative to autistic and non-autistic peers. This study establishes the phenomenon of UB in autism and provides evidence for enhanced pitch discrimination in this group. Acute perception of auditory information, combined with repeated language content, may facilitate UB children's focus on phonetic features, and help acquire a language with no communicative support or motivation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3221 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=535

Keeping time in the brain: Autism spectrum disorder and audiovisual temporal processing / Ryan A. STEVENSON in Autism Research, 9-7 (July 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-7 (July 2016) . - p.720-738 Titre : Keeping time in the brain: Autism spectrum disorder and audiovisual temporal processing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ryan A. STEVENSON, Auteur ; Magali SEGERS, Auteur ; Susanne FERBER, Auteur ; Morgan D. BARENSE, Auteur ; Stephen M. CAMARATA, Auteur ; Mark T. WALLACE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.720-738 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : low-level perception  cognitive neuroscience  developmental psychology  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A growing area of interest and relevance in the study of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) focuses on the relationship between multisensory temporal function and the behavioral, perceptual, and cognitive impairments observed in ASD. Atypical sensory processing is becoming increasingly recognized as a core component of autism, with evidence of atypical processing across a number of sensory modalities. These deviations from typical processing underscore the value of interpreting ASD within a multisensory framework. Furthermore, converging evidence illustrates that these differences in audiovisual processing may be specifically related to temporal processing. This review seeks to bridge the connection between temporal processing and audiovisual perception, and to elaborate on emerging data showing differences in audiovisual temporal function in autism. We also discuss the consequence of such changes, the specific impact on the processing of different classes of audiovisual stimuli (e.g. speech vs. nonspeech, etc.), and the presumptive brain processes and networks underlying audiovisual temporal integration. Finally, possible downstream behavioral implications, and possible remediation strategies are outlined. Autism Res 2016, 9: 720–738. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1566 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Keeping time in the brain: Autism spectrum disorder and audiovisual temporal processing [texte imprimé] / Ryan A. STEVENSON, Auteur ; Magali SEGERS, Auteur ; Susanne FERBER, Auteur ; Morgan D. BARENSE, Auteur ; Stephen M. CAMARATA, Auteur ; Mark T. WALLACE, Auteur . - p.720-738. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-7 (July 2016) . - p.720-738 Mots-clés : low-level perception  cognitive neuroscience  developmental psychology  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A growing area of interest and relevance in the study of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) focuses on the relationship between multisensory temporal function and the behavioral, perceptual, and cognitive impairments observed in ASD. Atypical sensory processing is becoming increasingly recognized as a core component of autism, with evidence of atypical processing across a number of sensory modalities. These deviations from typical processing underscore the value of interpreting ASD within a multisensory framework. Furthermore, converging evidence illustrates that these differences in audiovisual processing may be specifically related to temporal processing. This review seeks to bridge the connection between temporal processing and audiovisual perception, and to elaborate on emerging data showing differences in audiovisual temporal function in autism. We also discuss the consequence of such changes, the specific impact on the processing of different classes of audiovisual stimuli (e.g. speech vs. nonspeech, etc.), and the presumptive brain processes and networks underlying audiovisual temporal integration. Finally, possible downstream behavioral implications, and possible remediation strategies are outlined. Autism Res 2016, 9: 720–738. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1566 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

The developmental trajectory of contrast sensitivity in autism spectrum disorder / Jacalyn GUY in Autism Research, 9-8 (August 2016)  

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Brief Report: Atypical Social Cognition and Social Behaviours in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Different Way of Processing Rather than an Impairment / Kate O’CONNOR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-10 (November 2008)  

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Self-reported awareness and coping behaviors of low back pain among institutional caregivers for people with intellectual, autistic and associated multiple disabilities / Shang-Wei HSU in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 10 (February 2015)  

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Social perception in children born at very low birthweight and its relationship with social/behavioral outcomes / Kathryn E. WILLIAMSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-9 (September 2014)  

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Time Estimation Among Low-Functioning Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Evidence of Poor Sensitivity to Variability of Short Durations / Darlene A. BRODEUR in Autism Research, 7-2 (April 2014)  

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