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Brief Report: Perspective Taking Deficits, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Allaying Police Officers' Suspicions About Criminal Involvement / Robyn L. YOUNG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-6 (June 2020)
[article]
Titre : Brief Report: Perspective Taking Deficits, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Allaying Police Officers' Suspicions About Criminal Involvement Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2234-2239 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Criminal involvement Perspective taking Theory of Mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether perspective taking (or Theory of Mind) deficits that characterize autistic individuals predict whether they have trouble extricating themselves from situations in which police officers erroneously suspect them of a crime. Autistic and typically developing adults listened to scenarios in which they were placed in situations where the police erroneously believe they had been involved in crime. Each scenario contained critical information that, if recognized and provided to the police, would confirm non-involvement in the crime. Autistic adults performed markedly worse than controls on perspective taking measures and the extrication task. Verbal IQ and memory performance accounted for significant variance in extrication performance, and perspective taking explained an additional and significant 15% of variance in extrication performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03968-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-6 (June 2020) . - p.2234-2239[article] Brief Report: Perspective Taking Deficits, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Allaying Police Officers' Suspicions About Criminal Involvement [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur . - p.2234-2239.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-6 (June 2020) . - p.2234-2239
Mots-clés : Criminal involvement Perspective taking Theory of Mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether perspective taking (or Theory of Mind) deficits that characterize autistic individuals predict whether they have trouble extricating themselves from situations in which police officers erroneously suspect them of a crime. Autistic and typically developing adults listened to scenarios in which they were placed in situations where the police erroneously believe they had been involved in crime. Each scenario contained critical information that, if recognized and provided to the police, would confirm non-involvement in the crime. Autistic adults performed markedly worse than controls on perspective taking measures and the extrication task. Verbal IQ and memory performance accounted for significant variance in extrication performance, and perspective taking explained an additional and significant 15% of variance in extrication performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03968-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 “Put Myself Into Your Place”: Embodied Simulation and Perspective Taking in Autism Spectrum Disorders / Massimiliano CONSON in Autism Research, 8-4 (August 2015)
[article]
Titre : “Put Myself Into Your Place”: Embodied Simulation and Perspective Taking in Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Massimiliano CONSON, Auteur ; Elisabetta MAZZARELLA, Auteur ; Dalila ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Dario GROSSI, Auteur ; Nicoletta MARINO, Auteur ; Angelo MASSAGLI, Auteur ; Alessandro FROLLI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.454-466 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders high-functioning autism perspective taking embodied simulation body representation mental rotation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Embodied cognition theories hold that cognitive processes are grounded in bodily states. Embodied processes in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have classically been investigated in studies on imitation. Several observations suggested that unlike typical individuals who are able of copying the model's actions from the model's position, individuals with ASD tend to reenact the model's actions from their own egocentric perspective. Here, we performed two behavioral experiments to directly test the ability of ASD individuals to adopt another person's point of view. In Experiment 1, participants had to explicitly judge the left/right location of a target object in a scene from their own or the actor's point of view (visual perspective taking task). In Experiment 2, participants had to perform left/right judgments on front-facing or back-facing human body images (own body transformation task). Both tasks can be solved by mentally simulating one's own body motion to imagine oneself transforming into the position of another person (embodied simulation strategy), or by resorting to visual/spatial processes, such as mental object rotation (nonembodied strategy). Results of both experiments showed that individual with ASD solved the tasks mainly relying on a nonembodied strategy, whereas typical controls adopted an embodied strategy. Moreover, in the visual perspective taking task ASD participants had more difficulties than controls in inhibiting other-perspective when directed to keep one's own point of view. These findings suggested that, in social cognitive tasks, individuals with ASD do not resort to embodied simulation and have difficulties in cognitive control over self- and other-perspective. Autism Res 2015, 8: 454–466. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1460 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=268
in Autism Research > 8-4 (August 2015) . - p.454-466[article] “Put Myself Into Your Place”: Embodied Simulation and Perspective Taking in Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Massimiliano CONSON, Auteur ; Elisabetta MAZZARELLA, Auteur ; Dalila ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Dario GROSSI, Auteur ; Nicoletta MARINO, Auteur ; Angelo MASSAGLI, Auteur ; Alessandro FROLLI, Auteur . - p.454-466.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 8-4 (August 2015) . - p.454-466
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders high-functioning autism perspective taking embodied simulation body representation mental rotation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Embodied cognition theories hold that cognitive processes are grounded in bodily states. Embodied processes in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have classically been investigated in studies on imitation. Several observations suggested that unlike typical individuals who are able of copying the model's actions from the model's position, individuals with ASD tend to reenact the model's actions from their own egocentric perspective. Here, we performed two behavioral experiments to directly test the ability of ASD individuals to adopt another person's point of view. In Experiment 1, participants had to explicitly judge the left/right location of a target object in a scene from their own or the actor's point of view (visual perspective taking task). In Experiment 2, participants had to perform left/right judgments on front-facing or back-facing human body images (own body transformation task). Both tasks can be solved by mentally simulating one's own body motion to imagine oneself transforming into the position of another person (embodied simulation strategy), or by resorting to visual/spatial processes, such as mental object rotation (nonembodied strategy). Results of both experiments showed that individual with ASD solved the tasks mainly relying on a nonembodied strategy, whereas typical controls adopted an embodied strategy. Moreover, in the visual perspective taking task ASD participants had more difficulties than controls in inhibiting other-perspective when directed to keep one's own point of view. These findings suggested that, in social cognitive tasks, individuals with ASD do not resort to embodied simulation and have difficulties in cognitive control over self- and other-perspective. Autism Res 2015, 8: 454–466. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1460 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=268 Personal space regulation in childhood autism: Effects of social interaction and person's perspective / Michela CANDINI in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)
[article]
Titre : Personal space regulation in childhood autism: Effects of social interaction and person's perspective Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michela CANDINI, Auteur ; Virginia GIUBERTI, Auteur ; Alessandra MANATTINI, Auteur ; Serenella GRITTANI, Auteur ; Giuseppe DI PELLEGRINO, Auteur ; Francesca FRASSINETTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.144-154 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : interpersonal distance autism social interaction perspective taking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies in children with Typical Development (TD) and with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) revealed that autism affects the personal space regulation, influencing both its size (permeability) and its changes depending on social interaction (flexibility). Here, we investigate how the nature of social interaction (Cooperative vs. Uncooperative) and the person perspective influence permeability and flexibility of interpersonal distance. Moreover, we tested whether the deficit observed in ASD children, reflects the social impairment (SI) in daily interactions. The stop-distance paradigm was used to measure the preferred distance between the participant and an unfamiliar adult (first-person perspective, Experiment 1), and between two other people (third-person perspective, Experiment 2). Interpersonal distance was measured before and after the interaction with a confederate. The Wing Subgroups Questionnaire was used to evaluate SI in everyday activities, and each ASD participant was accordingly assigned either to the lower (children with low social impairment [low-SI ASD]), or to the higher SI group (children with high social impairment [high-SI ASD]). We observed larger interpersonal distance (permeability) in both ASD groups compared to TD children. Moreover, depending on the nature of social interaction, a modulation of interpersonal distance (flexibility) was observed in TD children, both from the first- and third-person perspective. Similar findings were found in low-SI but not in high-SI ASD children, in Experiment 1. Conversely, in Experiment 2, no change was observed in both ASD groups. These findings reveal that SI severity and a person's perspective may account for the deficit observed in autism when flexibility, but not permeability, of personal space is considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1637 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303
in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.144-154[article] Personal space regulation in childhood autism: Effects of social interaction and person's perspective [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michela CANDINI, Auteur ; Virginia GIUBERTI, Auteur ; Alessandra MANATTINI, Auteur ; Serenella GRITTANI, Auteur ; Giuseppe DI PELLEGRINO, Auteur ; Francesca FRASSINETTI, Auteur . - p.144-154.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.144-154
Mots-clés : interpersonal distance autism social interaction perspective taking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies in children with Typical Development (TD) and with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) revealed that autism affects the personal space regulation, influencing both its size (permeability) and its changes depending on social interaction (flexibility). Here, we investigate how the nature of social interaction (Cooperative vs. Uncooperative) and the person perspective influence permeability and flexibility of interpersonal distance. Moreover, we tested whether the deficit observed in ASD children, reflects the social impairment (SI) in daily interactions. The stop-distance paradigm was used to measure the preferred distance between the participant and an unfamiliar adult (first-person perspective, Experiment 1), and between two other people (third-person perspective, Experiment 2). Interpersonal distance was measured before and after the interaction with a confederate. The Wing Subgroups Questionnaire was used to evaluate SI in everyday activities, and each ASD participant was accordingly assigned either to the lower (children with low social impairment [low-SI ASD]), or to the higher SI group (children with high social impairment [high-SI ASD]). We observed larger interpersonal distance (permeability) in both ASD groups compared to TD children. Moreover, depending on the nature of social interaction, a modulation of interpersonal distance (flexibility) was observed in TD children, both from the first- and third-person perspective. Similar findings were found in low-SI but not in high-SI ASD children, in Experiment 1. Conversely, in Experiment 2, no change was observed in both ASD groups. These findings reveal that SI severity and a person's perspective may account for the deficit observed in autism when flexibility, but not permeability, of personal space is considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1637 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 An evaluation of wayfinding abilities in adolescent and young adult males with autism spectrum disorder / Yingying YANG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 80 (February 2021)
[article]
Titre : An evaluation of wayfinding abilities in adolescent and young adult males with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yingying YANG, Auteur ; Weijia LI, Auteur ; Dan HUANG, Auteur ; Wei HE, Auteur ; Yanxi ZHANG, Auteur ; Edward MERRILL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.101697 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Route learning Survey learning Perspective taking Autism Parents Wayfinding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Wayfinding refers to traveling from place to place in the environment. Despite some research headway, it remains unclear whether individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show strengths, weaknesses, or similarities in wayfinding compared with ability-matched typically developing (TD) controls. Method The current study tested 24 individuals with ASD, 24 mental-ability (MA) matched TD (MA-TD) controls, and 24 chronological-age (CA) matched TD (CA-TD) controls. Participants completed a route learning task and a survey learning task, both programmed in virtual environments, and a perspective taking task. Their parents completed questionnaires assessing their children’s everyday wayfinding activities and competence. Results Overall, CA-TD controls performed better than both the ASD group and the MA-TD group in both wayfinding tasks and the perspective taking task. Individuals with ASD performed similarly to the MA- TD controls on wayfinding performance except for backtracking routes. Perspective taking presented an area of deficit for people with ASD and it predicted individual differences in route learning and survey learning. Parents’ reports did not predict their children’s wayfinding performance. Two mini meta-analyses, including previous studies and the current study, showed a significant deficit in route learning, but not in survey learning for the ASD group relative to MA-TD controls. Conclusions Although participants with ASD showed impairments in wayfinding relative to CA-TD controls, the impairment is not specific to their ASD, but rather due to their mental age. Nevertheless, route reversal in route learning may present unique difficulty for people with ASD beyond the effects of mental age. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101697 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=438
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 80 (February 2021) . - p.101697[article] An evaluation of wayfinding abilities in adolescent and young adult males with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yingying YANG, Auteur ; Weijia LI, Auteur ; Dan HUANG, Auteur ; Wei HE, Auteur ; Yanxi ZHANG, Auteur ; Edward MERRILL, Auteur . - p.101697.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 80 (February 2021) . - p.101697
Mots-clés : Route learning Survey learning Perspective taking Autism Parents Wayfinding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Wayfinding refers to traveling from place to place in the environment. Despite some research headway, it remains unclear whether individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show strengths, weaknesses, or similarities in wayfinding compared with ability-matched typically developing (TD) controls. Method The current study tested 24 individuals with ASD, 24 mental-ability (MA) matched TD (MA-TD) controls, and 24 chronological-age (CA) matched TD (CA-TD) controls. Participants completed a route learning task and a survey learning task, both programmed in virtual environments, and a perspective taking task. Their parents completed questionnaires assessing their children’s everyday wayfinding activities and competence. Results Overall, CA-TD controls performed better than both the ASD group and the MA-TD group in both wayfinding tasks and the perspective taking task. Individuals with ASD performed similarly to the MA- TD controls on wayfinding performance except for backtracking routes. Perspective taking presented an area of deficit for people with ASD and it predicted individual differences in route learning and survey learning. Parents’ reports did not predict their children’s wayfinding performance. Two mini meta-analyses, including previous studies and the current study, showed a significant deficit in route learning, but not in survey learning for the ASD group relative to MA-TD controls. Conclusions Although participants with ASD showed impairments in wayfinding relative to CA-TD controls, the impairment is not specific to their ASD, but rather due to their mental age. Nevertheless, route reversal in route learning may present unique difficulty for people with ASD beyond the effects of mental age. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101697 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=438 Egocentric biases and atypical generosity in autistic individuals / S. TEI in Autism Research, 12-11 (November 2019)
[article]
Titre : Egocentric biases and atypical generosity in autistic individuals Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. TEI, Auteur ; J. FUJINO, Auteur ; T. ITAHASHI, Auteur ; Yuta AOKI, Auteur ; H. OHTA, Auteur ; M. KUBOTA, Auteur ; R. I. HASHIMOTO, Auteur ; M. NAKAMURA, Auteur ; N. KATO, Auteur ; H. TAKAHASHI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1598-1608 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders decision making egocentrism perspective taking social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASCs) often experience difficulty and confusion in acknowledging others' perspectives and arguably exhibit egocentricity. However, whether this egocentricity necessarily results in selfish behavior during social situations remains a matter of debate. To study this relationship, we used computerized visuospatial perspective-taking task (VPT) and social-discounting task (SDT), derived from cognitive psychology and behavioral economics, and examined egocentric and other-oriented judgments in participants with ASCs (mean age 29.0 +/- 4.2 years) and a group of matched typically developing (TD) controls (30.8 +/- 8.5). The response time in VPT showed altered perspective-taking in the ASCs group compared with the TD group that involved in enhanced self-other intrusion and condition-insensitive response. Regardless of self/other perspective judgments, responses were relatively slower and consistent in duration in the ASCs group compared with the TD group. Social discounting was attenuated rather than steep discounting in the ASCs group. Their discounting was comparatively more consistent, irrespective of the task condition (i.e., self-other closeness-level). In effect, ASCs group exhibited more generous decisions than the TD group in this task. Finally, those with more egocentric perspective intrusion in VPT paradoxically showed more generous behaviors in SDT in the ASCs group. Our findings suggest that having ASCs does not always exhibit selfish behavior during interpersonal communication. Reduced flexibility in distinguishing self/other perspective and shifting decision-rules might account for this unique relationship between egocentricity and apparently generous behaviors. These results extend the recent suggestion that more careful attention should be paid to the idea of egocentricity in individuals with ASCs. Autism Res 2019. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We aimed to examine whether seeing the world from another person's point of view and being generous toward other people are related in autistic and nonautistic people. We used a visual perspective-taking task and a social task in which individuals made decisions about how to divide a sum of money with others. Our results suggest that being autistic does not always make someone bad at seeing the world from another's viewpoint, and that autistic people may make fairer social decisions toward unfamiliar people because of lower bias. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2130 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=411
in Autism Research > 12-11 (November 2019) . - p.1598-1608[article] Egocentric biases and atypical generosity in autistic individuals [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. TEI, Auteur ; J. FUJINO, Auteur ; T. ITAHASHI, Auteur ; Yuta AOKI, Auteur ; H. OHTA, Auteur ; M. KUBOTA, Auteur ; R. I. HASHIMOTO, Auteur ; M. NAKAMURA, Auteur ; N. KATO, Auteur ; H. TAKAHASHI, Auteur . - p.1598-1608.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 12-11 (November 2019) . - p.1598-1608
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders decision making egocentrism perspective taking social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASCs) often experience difficulty and confusion in acknowledging others' perspectives and arguably exhibit egocentricity. However, whether this egocentricity necessarily results in selfish behavior during social situations remains a matter of debate. To study this relationship, we used computerized visuospatial perspective-taking task (VPT) and social-discounting task (SDT), derived from cognitive psychology and behavioral economics, and examined egocentric and other-oriented judgments in participants with ASCs (mean age 29.0 +/- 4.2 years) and a group of matched typically developing (TD) controls (30.8 +/- 8.5). The response time in VPT showed altered perspective-taking in the ASCs group compared with the TD group that involved in enhanced self-other intrusion and condition-insensitive response. Regardless of self/other perspective judgments, responses were relatively slower and consistent in duration in the ASCs group compared with the TD group. Social discounting was attenuated rather than steep discounting in the ASCs group. Their discounting was comparatively more consistent, irrespective of the task condition (i.e., self-other closeness-level). In effect, ASCs group exhibited more generous decisions than the TD group in this task. Finally, those with more egocentric perspective intrusion in VPT paradoxically showed more generous behaviors in SDT in the ASCs group. Our findings suggest that having ASCs does not always exhibit selfish behavior during interpersonal communication. Reduced flexibility in distinguishing self/other perspective and shifting decision-rules might account for this unique relationship between egocentricity and apparently generous behaviors. These results extend the recent suggestion that more careful attention should be paid to the idea of egocentricity in individuals with ASCs. Autism Res 2019. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We aimed to examine whether seeing the world from another person's point of view and being generous toward other people are related in autistic and nonautistic people. We used a visual perspective-taking task and a social task in which individuals made decisions about how to divide a sum of money with others. Our results suggest that being autistic does not always make someone bad at seeing the world from another's viewpoint, and that autistic people may make fairer social decisions toward unfamiliar people because of lower bias. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2130 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=411 Social and delay discounting in autism spectrum disorder / Katherine RICE WARNELL in Autism Research, 12-6 (June 2019)
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