Dépouillements

Issue Information in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.1-5 Titre : Issue Information Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1-5 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1694 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302 [article] Issue Information [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1-5. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.1-5 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1694 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302

Reviewer Thank You 2016 in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.6-9 Titre : Reviewer Thank You 2016 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.6-9 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1752 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302 [article] Reviewer Thank You 2016 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.6-9. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.6-9 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1752 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302

Editorial: Time to give up on Autism Spectrum Disorder? / Ralph-Axel MULLER in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.10-14 Titre : Editorial: Time to give up on Autism Spectrum Disorder? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ralph-Axel MULLER, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.10-14 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1746 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302 [article] Editorial: Time to give up on Autism Spectrum Disorder? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ralph-Axel MULLER, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur . - p.10-14. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.10-14 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1746 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302

Research needs and priorities for transition and employment in autism: Considerations reflected in a “Special Interest Group” at the International Meeting for Autism Research / David B NICHOLAS in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.15-24 Titre : Research needs and priorities for transition and employment in autism: Considerations reflected in a “Special Interest Group” at the International Meeting for Autism Research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David B NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Sandra HODGETTS, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Leann E. SMITH, Auteur ; Paul SHATTUCK, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; Olivia CONLON, Auteur ; Tamara GERMANI, Auteur ; Wendy MITCHELL, Auteur ; Lori-Ann R. SACREY, Auteur ; Margot E. STOTHERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.15-24 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  qualitative research  adolescents  adults  transitional issues  vocational/labor force participation  multistakeholder perspective Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research related to supports for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is under-developed. As an example, system and service development to support successful transition to adulthood and meaningful vocation for adults has received relatively little research scrutiny until recently, with practitioners and program developers lacking evidenceinformed approaches guiding service delivery. A Special Interest Group (SIG) was convened at the International Meeting for Autism Research in May 2014 and May 2015, with a focus on transitional and vocational issues in ASD. The SIG consisted of 120 international delegates, including self-advocates, family members, researchers, program and policy developers, practitioners, and interdisciplinary ASD trainees. Following a summary of the literature, subgroups of attendees were convened in smaller groups to identify research needs and priorities. International researchers facilitated these discussions with notes taken in each subgroup. Using a qualitative analytic approach, key themes across groups were identified. These key themes, outlined in this paper, address the identified need to (a) advance research capacity; (b) build employer capacity relative to employing persons with ASD; and (c) enhance support resources for adults with ASD and their families. Heightened research activity guiding practice and policy, community/employer engagement, and person and family-centered services were recommended. Implications for advancement and implementation are offered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1683 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302 [article] Research needs and priorities for transition and employment in autism: Considerations reflected in a “Special Interest Group” at the International Meeting for Autism Research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David B NICHOLAS, Auteur ; Sandra HODGETTS, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Leann E. SMITH, Auteur ; Paul SHATTUCK, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; Olivia CONLON, Auteur ; Tamara GERMANI, Auteur ; Wendy MITCHELL, Auteur ; Lori-Ann R. SACREY, Auteur ; Margot E. STOTHERS, Auteur . - p.15-24. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.15-24 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  qualitative research  adolescents  adults  transitional issues  vocational/labor force participation  multistakeholder perspective Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research related to supports for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is under-developed. As an example, system and service development to support successful transition to adulthood and meaningful vocation for adults has received relatively little research scrutiny until recently, with practitioners and program developers lacking evidenceinformed approaches guiding service delivery. A Special Interest Group (SIG) was convened at the International Meeting for Autism Research in May 2014 and May 2015, with a focus on transitional and vocational issues in ASD. The SIG consisted of 120 international delegates, including self-advocates, family members, researchers, program and policy developers, practitioners, and interdisciplinary ASD trainees. Following a summary of the literature, subgroups of attendees were convened in smaller groups to identify research needs and priorities. International researchers facilitated these discussions with notes taken in each subgroup. Using a qualitative analytic approach, key themes across groups were identified. These key themes, outlined in this paper, address the identified need to (a) advance research capacity; (b) build employer capacity relative to employing persons with ASD; and (c) enhance support resources for adults with ASD and their families. Heightened research activity guiding practice and policy, community/employer engagement, and person and family-centered services were recommended. Implications for advancement and implementation are offered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1683 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302

Beyond the hype and hope: Critical considerations for intranasal oxytocin research in autism spectrum disorder / Gail A. ALVARES in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.25-41 Titre : Beyond the hype and hope: Critical considerations for intranasal oxytocin research in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Daniel S. QUINTANA, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.25-41 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : oxytocin  neuropeptide  hormones  nasal spray Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Extensive research efforts in the last decade have been expended into understanding whether intranasal oxytocin may be an effective therapeutic in treating social communication impairments in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). After much hyped early findings, subsequent clinical trials of longer-term administration have yielded more conservative and mixed evidence. However, it is still unclear at this stage whether these more disappointing findings reflect a true null effect or are mitigated by methodological differences masking true effects. In this review, we comprehensively evaluate the rationale for oxytocin as a therapeutic, evaluating evidence from randomized controlled trials, case reports, and open-label studies of oxytocin administration in individuals with ASD. The evidence to date, including reviews of preregistered trials, suggests a number of critical considerations for the design and interpretation of research in this area. These include considering the choice of ASD outcome measures, dosing and nasal spray device issues, and participant selection. Despite these limitations in the field to date, there remains significant potential for oxytocin to ameliorate aspects of the persistent and debilitating social impairments in individuals with ASD. Given the considerable media hype around new treatments for ASD, as well as the needs of eager families, there is an urgent need for researchers to prioritise considering such factors when conducting well-designed and controlled studies to further advance this field. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1692 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302 [article] Beyond the hype and hope: Critical considerations for intranasal oxytocin research in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Daniel S. QUINTANA, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.25-41. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.25-41 Mots-clés : oxytocin  neuropeptide  hormones  nasal spray Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Extensive research efforts in the last decade have been expended into understanding whether intranasal oxytocin may be an effective therapeutic in treating social communication impairments in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). After much hyped early findings, subsequent clinical trials of longer-term administration have yielded more conservative and mixed evidence. However, it is still unclear at this stage whether these more disappointing findings reflect a true null effect or are mitigated by methodological differences masking true effects. In this review, we comprehensively evaluate the rationale for oxytocin as a therapeutic, evaluating evidence from randomized controlled trials, case reports, and open-label studies of oxytocin administration in individuals with ASD. The evidence to date, including reviews of preregistered trials, suggests a number of critical considerations for the design and interpretation of research in this area. These include considering the choice of ASD outcome measures, dosing and nasal spray device issues, and participant selection. Despite these limitations in the field to date, there remains significant potential for oxytocin to ameliorate aspects of the persistent and debilitating social impairments in individuals with ASD. Given the considerable media hype around new treatments for ASD, as well as the needs of eager families, there is an urgent need for researchers to prioritise considering such factors when conducting well-designed and controlled studies to further advance this field. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1692 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302

Novel Shank3 mutant exhibits behaviors with face validity for autism and altered striatal and hippocampal function / Thomas C. JARAMILLO in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.42-65 Titre : Novel Shank3 mutant exhibits behaviors with face validity for autism and altered striatal and hippocampal function Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Thomas C. JARAMILLO, Auteur ; Haley E. SPEED, Auteur ; Zhong XUAN, Auteur ; Jeremy M. REIMERS, Auteur ; Christine OCHOA ESCAMILLA, Auteur ; Travis P. WEAVER, Auteur ; Shunan LIU, Auteur ; Irina FILONOVA, Auteur ; Craig M. POWELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.42-65 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  Shank3  Phelan-McDermid syndrome  mouse model  social interaction  grooming Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mutations/deletions in the SHANK3 gene are associated with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability. Here, we present electrophysiological and behavioral consequences in novel heterozygous and homozygous mice with a transcriptional stop cassette inserted upstream of the PDZ domain-coding exons in Shank3 (Shank3E13). Insertion of a transcriptional stop cassette prior to exon 13 leads to loss of the two higher molecular weight isoforms of Shank3. Behaviorally, both Shank3E13 heterozygous (HET) and homozygous knockout (KO) mice display increased repetitive grooming, deficits in social interaction tasks, and decreased rearing. Shank3E13 KO mice also display deficits in spatial memory in the Morris water maze task. Baseline hippocampal synaptic transmission and short-term plasticity are preserved in Shank3E13 HET and KO mice, while both HET and KO mice exhibit impaired hippocampal long-term plasticity. Additionally, Shank3E13 HET and KO mice display impaired striatal glutamatergic synaptic transmission. These results demonstrate for the first time in this novel Shank3 mutant that both homozygous and heterozygous mutation of Shank3 lead to behavioral abnormalities with face validity for autism along with widespread synaptic dysfunction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1664 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302 [article] Novel Shank3 mutant exhibits behaviors with face validity for autism and altered striatal and hippocampal function [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Thomas C. JARAMILLO, Auteur ; Haley E. SPEED, Auteur ; Zhong XUAN, Auteur ; Jeremy M. REIMERS, Auteur ; Christine OCHOA ESCAMILLA, Auteur ; Travis P. WEAVER, Auteur ; Shunan LIU, Auteur ; Irina FILONOVA, Auteur ; Craig M. POWELL, Auteur . - p.42-65. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.42-65 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  Shank3  Phelan-McDermid syndrome  mouse model  social interaction  grooming Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mutations/deletions in the SHANK3 gene are associated with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability. Here, we present electrophysiological and behavioral consequences in novel heterozygous and homozygous mice with a transcriptional stop cassette inserted upstream of the PDZ domain-coding exons in Shank3 (Shank3E13). Insertion of a transcriptional stop cassette prior to exon 13 leads to loss of the two higher molecular weight isoforms of Shank3. Behaviorally, both Shank3E13 heterozygous (HET) and homozygous knockout (KO) mice display increased repetitive grooming, deficits in social interaction tasks, and decreased rearing. Shank3E13 KO mice also display deficits in spatial memory in the Morris water maze task. Baseline hippocampal synaptic transmission and short-term plasticity are preserved in Shank3E13 HET and KO mice, while both HET and KO mice exhibit impaired hippocampal long-term plasticity. Additionally, Shank3E13 HET and KO mice display impaired striatal glutamatergic synaptic transmission. These results demonstrate for the first time in this novel Shank3 mutant that both homozygous and heterozygous mutation of Shank3 lead to behavioral abnormalities with face validity for autism along with widespread synaptic dysfunction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1664 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302

Serotonin neuron abnormalities in the BTBR mouse model of autism / Yue-Ping GUO in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.66-77 Titre : Serotonin neuron abnormalities in the BTBR mouse model of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yue-Ping GUO, Auteur ; Kathryn G. COMMONS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.66-77 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : dorsal raphel  median raphe  hippocampus  monoamine  norepinephrine  SERT  swim Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The inbred mouse strain BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) is studied as a model of idiopathic autism because they are less social and more resistant to change than other strains. Forebrain serotonin receptors and the response to serotonin drugs are altered in BTBR mice, yet it remains unknown if serotonin neurons themselves are abnormal. In this study, we found that serotonin tissue content and the density of serotonin axons is reduced in the hippocampus of BTBR mice in comparison to C57BL/6J (C57) mice. This was accompanied by possible compensatory changes in serotonin neurons that were most pronounced in regions known to provide innervation to the hippocampus: the caudal dorsal raphe (B6) and the median raphe. These changes included increased numbers of serotonin neurons and hyperactivation of Fos expression. Metrics of serotonin neurons in the rostral 2/3 of the dorsal raphe and serotonin content of the prefrontal cortex were less impacted. Thus, serotonin neurons exhibit region-dependent abnormalities in the BTBR mouse that may contribute to their altered behavioral profile. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1665 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302 [article] Serotonin neuron abnormalities in the BTBR mouse model of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yue-Ping GUO, Auteur ; Kathryn G. COMMONS, Auteur . - p.66-77. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.66-77 Mots-clés : dorsal raphel  median raphe  hippocampus  monoamine  norepinephrine  SERT  swim Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The inbred mouse strain BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) is studied as a model of idiopathic autism because they are less social and more resistant to change than other strains. Forebrain serotonin receptors and the response to serotonin drugs are altered in BTBR mice, yet it remains unknown if serotonin neurons themselves are abnormal. In this study, we found that serotonin tissue content and the density of serotonin axons is reduced in the hippocampus of BTBR mice in comparison to C57BL/6J (C57) mice. This was accompanied by possible compensatory changes in serotonin neurons that were most pronounced in regions known to provide innervation to the hippocampus: the caudal dorsal raphe (B6) and the median raphe. These changes included increased numbers of serotonin neurons and hyperactivation of Fos expression. Metrics of serotonin neurons in the rostral 2/3 of the dorsal raphe and serotonin content of the prefrontal cortex were less impacted. Thus, serotonin neurons exhibit region-dependent abnormalities in the BTBR mouse that may contribute to their altered behavioral profile. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1665 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302

The autism symptom interview, school-age: A brief telephone interview to identify autism spectrum disorders in 5-to-12-year-old children / Somer L. BISHOP in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.78-88 Titre : The autism symptom interview, school-age: A brief telephone interview to identify autism spectrum disorders in 5-to-12-year-old children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; Marisela HUERTA, Auteur ; Katherine GOTHAM, Auteur ; Karoline ALEXANDRA HAVDAHL, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Amie DUNCAN, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.78-88 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : assessment  rapid ascertainment  screening  neurodevelopmental disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study reports on the initial validation of the Autism Symptom Interview (ASI), School-Age, a brief (15–20 min) phone interview derived from questions from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). The ASI, School-Age was administered by interviewers with minimal training to parents of children ages 5 to 12 who had all been previously identified with (or referred for assessment of) ASD or another neurodevelopmental disorder. Children then underwent a comprehensive assessment to determine a best-estimate clinical diagnosis of ASD (n?=?159) or non-ASD (e.g. language disorder, intellectual disability, ADHD; n?=?130). Clinicians who conducted the assessments were blind to ASI results. ROC analyses compared ASI scores to clinical diagnosis. Due to the small number of participants with non-ASD diagnoses who were classified as nonverbal (i.e. not yet using phrases on a daily basis), it was not possible to assess sensitivity and specificity of the nonverbal algorithm in this sample. The verbal algorithm yielded a sensitivity of 0.87 (95% CI?=?0.81–0.92) and a specificity of 0.62 (95% CI?=?0.53–0.70). When used in conjunction with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), sensitivity and specificity were 0.82 (95% CI?=?0.74–0.88) and 0.92 (95% CI?=?0.86–0.96), respectively. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were both excellent. Particularly for verbal school age children, the ASI may serve as a useful tool to more quickly ascertain or classify children with ASD for research or clinical triaging purposes. Additional data collection is underway to determine the utility of the ASI in children who are younger and/or nonverbal. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1645 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302 [article] The autism symptom interview, school-age: A brief telephone interview to identify autism spectrum disorders in 5-to-12-year-old children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur ; Marisela HUERTA, Auteur ; Katherine GOTHAM, Auteur ; Karoline ALEXANDRA HAVDAHL, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Amie DUNCAN, Auteur ; Vanessa H. BAL, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur . - p.78-88. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.78-88 Mots-clés : assessment  rapid ascertainment  screening  neurodevelopmental disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study reports on the initial validation of the Autism Symptom Interview (ASI), School-Age, a brief (15–20 min) phone interview derived from questions from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). The ASI, School-Age was administered by interviewers with minimal training to parents of children ages 5 to 12 who had all been previously identified with (or referred for assessment of) ASD or another neurodevelopmental disorder. Children then underwent a comprehensive assessment to determine a best-estimate clinical diagnosis of ASD (n?=?159) or non-ASD (e.g. language disorder, intellectual disability, ADHD; n?=?130). Clinicians who conducted the assessments were blind to ASI results. ROC analyses compared ASI scores to clinical diagnosis. Due to the small number of participants with non-ASD diagnoses who were classified as nonverbal (i.e. not yet using phrases on a daily basis), it was not possible to assess sensitivity and specificity of the nonverbal algorithm in this sample. The verbal algorithm yielded a sensitivity of 0.87 (95% CI?=?0.81–0.92) and a specificity of 0.62 (95% CI?=?0.53–0.70). When used in conjunction with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), sensitivity and specificity were 0.82 (95% CI?=?0.74–0.88) and 0.92 (95% CI?=?0.86–0.96), respectively. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were both excellent. Particularly for verbal school age children, the ASI may serve as a useful tool to more quickly ascertain or classify children with ASD for research or clinical triaging purposes. Additional data collection is underway to determine the utility of the ASI in children who are younger and/or nonverbal. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1645 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=302

Autism-specific maternal anti-fetal brain autoantibodies are associated with metabolic conditions / Paula KRAKOWIAK in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.89-98 Titre : Autism-specific maternal anti-fetal brain autoantibodies are associated with metabolic conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paula KRAKOWIAK, Auteur ; Cheryl K. WALKER, Auteur ; Daniel J. TANCREDI, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; Judy VAN DE WATER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.89-98 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  pregnancy  maternal autoantibodies  anti-fetal brain autoantibodies  metabolic conditions  diabetes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Approximately 23% of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) produce specific patterns of autoantibodies to fetal brain proteins that have been detected in only 1% of mothers of typically developing children. The biological mechanisms underlying the development of ASD-specific maternal autoantibodies are poorly understood. We sought to determine whether ASD-specific maternal autoantibodies identified postnatally were associated with metabolic conditions (MCs) during gestation. Participants were 227 mothers of 2–5 year old children with confirmed ASD, enrolled in CHARGE (Childhood Autism Risk from Genetics and the Environment) between January 2003 and April 2008, and from whom blood samples were collected and analyzed for anti-fetal brain autoantibodies (Ab+). MCs included diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and prepregnancy obesity or overweight, ascertained from medical records or structured telephone interviews. Log-linear regression models were performed to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) based on robust standard errors. Fifty-six (25%) mothers were Ab+. Ab+ prevalence was higher among mothers with diabetes, hypertensive disorders, or overweight compared to healthy mothers, but differences were not statistically significant. In a subset of 145 mothers whose children exhibited severe ASD (31 Ab+), those diagnosed with type 2 or gestational diabetes were 2.7-fold more likely to be Ab+ (95% CI 1.1, 6.6), controlling for delivery payer and smoking. Gestational diabetes specifically was associated with a 3.2-fold increased Ab+ prevalence (95% CI 1.2, 8.6). In this exploratory study, mothers whose children had severe ASD and who experienced diabetes were more likely to have anti-fetal brain autoantibodies 2–5 years later. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1657 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Autism-specific maternal anti-fetal brain autoantibodies are associated with metabolic conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paula KRAKOWIAK, Auteur ; Cheryl K. WALKER, Auteur ; Daniel J. TANCREDI, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; Judy VAN DE WATER, Auteur . - p.89-98. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.89-98 Mots-clés : autism  pregnancy  maternal autoantibodies  anti-fetal brain autoantibodies  metabolic conditions  diabetes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Approximately 23% of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) produce specific patterns of autoantibodies to fetal brain proteins that have been detected in only 1% of mothers of typically developing children. The biological mechanisms underlying the development of ASD-specific maternal autoantibodies are poorly understood. We sought to determine whether ASD-specific maternal autoantibodies identified postnatally were associated with metabolic conditions (MCs) during gestation. Participants were 227 mothers of 2–5 year old children with confirmed ASD, enrolled in CHARGE (Childhood Autism Risk from Genetics and the Environment) between January 2003 and April 2008, and from whom blood samples were collected and analyzed for anti-fetal brain autoantibodies (Ab+). MCs included diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and prepregnancy obesity or overweight, ascertained from medical records or structured telephone interviews. Log-linear regression models were performed to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) based on robust standard errors. Fifty-six (25%) mothers were Ab+. Ab+ prevalence was higher among mothers with diabetes, hypertensive disorders, or overweight compared to healthy mothers, but differences were not statistically significant. In a subset of 145 mothers whose children exhibited severe ASD (31 Ab+), those diagnosed with type 2 or gestational diabetes were 2.7-fold more likely to be Ab+ (95% CI 1.1, 6.6), controlling for delivery payer and smoking. Gestational diabetes specifically was associated with a 3.2-fold increased Ab+ prevalence (95% CI 1.2, 8.6). In this exploratory study, mothers whose children had severe ASD and who experienced diabetes were more likely to have anti-fetal brain autoantibodies 2–5 years later. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1657 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Neuron density is decreased in the prefrontal cortex in Williams syndrome / Caroline HORTON LEW in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.99-112 Titre : Neuron density is decreased in the prefrontal cortex in Williams syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Caroline HORTON LEW, Auteur ; Chelsea BROWN, Auteur ; Ursula BELLUGI, Auteur ; Katerina SEMENDEFERI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.99-112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : frontal pole  design-based stereology  cytoarchitecture  Williams syndrome  prefrontal cortex  neuron density Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams Syndrome (WS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a hemideletion in chromosome 7, which manifests a distinct behavioral phenotype characterized by a hyperaffiliative social drive, in striking contrast to the social avoidance behaviors that are common in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). MRI studies have observed structural and functional abnormalities in WS cortex, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a region implicated in social cognition. This study utilizes the Bellugi Williams Syndrome Brain Collection, a unique resource that comprises the largest WS postmortem brain collection in existence, and is the first to quantitatively examine WS PFC cytoarchitecture. We measured neuron density in layers II/III and V/VI of five cortical areas: PFC areas BA 10 and BA 11, primary motor BA 4, primary somatosensory BA 3, and visual area BA 18 in six matched pairs of WS and typically developing (TD) controls. Neuron density in PFC was lower in WS relative to TD, with layers V/VI demonstrating the largest decrease in density, reaching statistical significance in BA 10. In contrast, BA 3 and BA 18 demonstrated a higher density in WS compared to TD, although this difference was not statistically significant. Neuron density in BA 4 was similar in WS and TD. While other cortical areas were altered in WS, prefrontal areas appeared to be most affected. Neuron density is also altered in the PFC of individuals with ASD. Together these findings suggest that the PFC is targeted in neurodevelopmental disorders associated with sociobehavioral alterations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1677 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Neuron density is decreased in the prefrontal cortex in Williams syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Caroline HORTON LEW, Auteur ; Chelsea BROWN, Auteur ; Ursula BELLUGI, Auteur ; Katerina SEMENDEFERI, Auteur . - p.99-112. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.99-112 Mots-clés : frontal pole  design-based stereology  cytoarchitecture  Williams syndrome  prefrontal cortex  neuron density Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams Syndrome (WS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a hemideletion in chromosome 7, which manifests a distinct behavioral phenotype characterized by a hyperaffiliative social drive, in striking contrast to the social avoidance behaviors that are common in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). MRI studies have observed structural and functional abnormalities in WS cortex, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a region implicated in social cognition. This study utilizes the Bellugi Williams Syndrome Brain Collection, a unique resource that comprises the largest WS postmortem brain collection in existence, and is the first to quantitatively examine WS PFC cytoarchitecture. We measured neuron density in layers II/III and V/VI of five cortical areas: PFC areas BA 10 and BA 11, primary motor BA 4, primary somatosensory BA 3, and visual area BA 18 in six matched pairs of WS and typically developing (TD) controls. Neuron density in PFC was lower in WS relative to TD, with layers V/VI demonstrating the largest decrease in density, reaching statistical significance in BA 10. In contrast, BA 3 and BA 18 demonstrated a higher density in WS compared to TD, although this difference was not statistically significant. Neuron density in BA 4 was similar in WS and TD. While other cortical areas were altered in WS, prefrontal areas appeared to be most affected. Neuron density is also altered in the PFC of individuals with ASD. Together these findings suggest that the PFC is targeted in neurodevelopmental disorders associated with sociobehavioral alterations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1677 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Incidental brain MRI findings in an autism twin study / Julio C. MONTERREY in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.113-120 Titre : Incidental brain MRI findings in an autism twin study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Julio C. MONTERREY, Auteur ; Jennifer PHILIPS, Auteur ; Sue CLEVELAND, Auteur ; Serena TANAKA, Auteur ; Patrick BARNES, Auteur ; Joachim F. HALLMAYER, Auteur ; Alan L. REISS, Auteur ; Laura C. LAZZERONI, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.113-120 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  incidental findings  neuroimaging  MRI  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies suggest the prevalence of asymptomatic “incidental” findings (IF) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is similar to that of neurotypically developing (NT) controls. However, given the causes of IF may include both genetic and environmental factors, a twin study would facilitate comparing brain IF between ASD and NT subjects. MRI scans were examined to assess the prevalence of brain IF in twin “case pairs” (at least one twin with diagnosis of ASD) and twin “control pairs” (NT). Fifty case pairs and thirty-two control pairs were analyzed. IF were found in 68% of subjects with ASD, 71% of unaffected ASD siblings, and in 58% of control subjects (P?=?0.4). IF requiring clinical follow-up occurred more frequently in subjects with ASD compared to NT controls (17% vs. 5%, respectively; P?=?0.02). The concordance rate of IF in twins was 83%. A mixed effects model found younger age, male sex, and “family environment” to be significantly associated with IF. There was no difference in the prevalence rate of IF between ASD subjects and NT controls. More IF required clinical follow-up in ASD subjects compared to NT controls. The prevalence rate of IF observed in this twin study was higher than rates previously reported in singleton studies. Our results suggest the shared environment of twins – perhaps in utero – increases the risk of brain IF. Brain MRI in the initial work-up of ASD may be indicated in twins, especially in males. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Incidental brain MRI findings in an autism twin study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Julio C. MONTERREY, Auteur ; Jennifer PHILIPS, Auteur ; Sue CLEVELAND, Auteur ; Serena TANAKA, Auteur ; Patrick BARNES, Auteur ; Joachim F. HALLMAYER, Auteur ; Alan L. REISS, Auteur ; Laura C. LAZZERONI, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur . - p.113-120. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.113-120 Mots-clés : autism  incidental findings  neuroimaging  MRI  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies suggest the prevalence of asymptomatic “incidental” findings (IF) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is similar to that of neurotypically developing (NT) controls. However, given the causes of IF may include both genetic and environmental factors, a twin study would facilitate comparing brain IF between ASD and NT subjects. MRI scans were examined to assess the prevalence of brain IF in twin “case pairs” (at least one twin with diagnosis of ASD) and twin “control pairs” (NT). Fifty case pairs and thirty-two control pairs were analyzed. IF were found in 68% of subjects with ASD, 71% of unaffected ASD siblings, and in 58% of control subjects (P?=?0.4). IF requiring clinical follow-up occurred more frequently in subjects with ASD compared to NT controls (17% vs. 5%, respectively; P?=?0.02). The concordance rate of IF in twins was 83%. A mixed effects model found younger age, male sex, and “family environment” to be significantly associated with IF. There was no difference in the prevalence rate of IF between ASD subjects and NT controls. More IF required clinical follow-up in ASD subjects compared to NT controls. The prevalence rate of IF observed in this twin study was higher than rates previously reported in singleton studies. Our results suggest the shared environment of twins – perhaps in utero – increases the risk of brain IF. Brain MRI in the initial work-up of ASD may be indicated in twins, especially in males. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Atypical rapid audio-visual temporal recalibration in autism spectrum disorders / Jean-Paul NOEL in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.121-129 Titre : Atypical rapid audio-visual temporal recalibration in autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jean-Paul NOEL, Auteur ; Matthew A. DE NIEAR, Auteur ; Ryan STEVENSON, Auteur ; David ALAIS, Auteur ; Mark T. WALLACE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.121-129 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  multisensory  audio-visual  plasticity  recalibration Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Changes in sensory and multisensory function are increasingly recognized as a common phenotypic characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Furthermore, much recent evidence suggests that sensory disturbances likely play an important role in contributing to social communication weaknesses—one of the core diagnostic features of ASD. An established sensory disturbance observed in ASD is reduced audiovisual temporal acuity. In the current study, we substantially extend these explorations of multisensory temporal function within the framework that an inability to rapidly recalibrate to changes in audiovisual temporal relations may play an important and under-recognized role in ASD. In the paradigm, we present ASD and typically developing (TD) children and adolescents with asynchronous audiovisual stimuli of varying levels of complexity and ask them to perform a simultaneity judgment (SJ). In the critical analysis, we test audiovisual temporal processing on trial t as a condition of trial t???1. The results demonstrate that individuals with ASD fail to rapidly recalibrate to audiovisual asynchronies in an equivalent manner to their TD counterparts for simple and non-linguistic stimuli (i.e., flashes and beeps, hand-held tools), but exhibit comparable rapid recalibration for speech stimuli. These results are discussed in terms of prior work showing a speech-specific deficit in audiovisual temporal function in ASD, and in light of current theories of autism focusing on sensory noise and stability of perceptual representations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1633 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Atypical rapid audio-visual temporal recalibration in autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jean-Paul NOEL, Auteur ; Matthew A. DE NIEAR, Auteur ; Ryan STEVENSON, Auteur ; David ALAIS, Auteur ; Mark T. WALLACE, Auteur . - p.121-129. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.121-129 Mots-clés : autism  multisensory  audio-visual  plasticity  recalibration Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Changes in sensory and multisensory function are increasingly recognized as a common phenotypic characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Furthermore, much recent evidence suggests that sensory disturbances likely play an important role in contributing to social communication weaknesses—one of the core diagnostic features of ASD. An established sensory disturbance observed in ASD is reduced audiovisual temporal acuity. In the current study, we substantially extend these explorations of multisensory temporal function within the framework that an inability to rapidly recalibrate to changes in audiovisual temporal relations may play an important and under-recognized role in ASD. In the paradigm, we present ASD and typically developing (TD) children and adolescents with asynchronous audiovisual stimuli of varying levels of complexity and ask them to perform a simultaneity judgment (SJ). In the critical analysis, we test audiovisual temporal processing on trial t as a condition of trial t???1. The results demonstrate that individuals with ASD fail to rapidly recalibrate to audiovisual asynchronies in an equivalent manner to their TD counterparts for simple and non-linguistic stimuli (i.e., flashes and beeps, hand-held tools), but exhibit comparable rapid recalibration for speech stimuli. These results are discussed in terms of prior work showing a speech-specific deficit in audiovisual temporal function in ASD, and in light of current theories of autism focusing on sensory noise and stability of perceptual representations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1633 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Impaired downregulation of visual cortex during auditory processing is associated with autism symptomatology in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / R. Joanne JAO KEEHN in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.130-143 Titre : Impaired downregulation of visual cortex during auditory processing is associated with autism symptomatology in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. Joanne JAO KEEHN, Auteur ; Sandra S. SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Claire R. STEWART, Auteur ; Weiqi ZHAO, Auteur ; Emily L. GRENESKO-STEVENS, Auteur ; Brandon KEEHN, Auteur ; Ralph-Axel MULLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.130-143 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  development  visual  auditory  functional magnetic resonance imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are pervasive developmental disorders characterized by impairments in language development and social interaction, along with restricted and stereotyped behaviors. These behaviors often include atypical responses to sensory stimuli; some children with ASD are easily overwhelmed by sensory stimuli, while others may seem unaware of their environment. Vision and audition are two sensory modalities important for social interactions and language, and are differentially affected in ASD. In the present study, 16 children and adolescents with ASD and 16 typically developing (TD) participants matched for age, gender, nonverbal IQ, and handedness were tested using a mixed event-related/blocked functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm to examine basic perceptual processes that may form the foundation for later-developing cognitive abilities. Auditory (high or low pitch) and visual conditions (dot located high or low in the display) were presented, and participants indicated whether the stimuli were “high” or “low.” Results for the auditory condition showed downregulated activity of the visual cortex in the TD group, but upregulation in the ASD group. This atypical activity in visual cortex was associated with autism symptomatology. These findings suggest atypical crossmodal (auditory-visual) modulation linked to sociocommunicative deficits in ASD, in agreement with the general hypothesis of low-level sensorimotor impairments affecting core symptomatology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1636 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Impaired downregulation of visual cortex during auditory processing is associated with autism symptomatology in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. Joanne JAO KEEHN, Auteur ; Sandra S. SANCHEZ, Auteur ; Claire R. STEWART, Auteur ; Weiqi ZHAO, Auteur ; Emily L. GRENESKO-STEVENS, Auteur ; Brandon KEEHN, Auteur ; Ralph-Axel MULLER, Auteur . - p.130-143. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.130-143 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  development  visual  auditory  functional magnetic resonance imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are pervasive developmental disorders characterized by impairments in language development and social interaction, along with restricted and stereotyped behaviors. These behaviors often include atypical responses to sensory stimuli; some children with ASD are easily overwhelmed by sensory stimuli, while others may seem unaware of their environment. Vision and audition are two sensory modalities important for social interactions and language, and are differentially affected in ASD. In the present study, 16 children and adolescents with ASD and 16 typically developing (TD) participants matched for age, gender, nonverbal IQ, and handedness were tested using a mixed event-related/blocked functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm to examine basic perceptual processes that may form the foundation for later-developing cognitive abilities. Auditory (high or low pitch) and visual conditions (dot located high or low in the display) were presented, and participants indicated whether the stimuli were “high” or “low.” Results for the auditory condition showed downregulated activity of the visual cortex in the TD group, but upregulation in the ASD group. This atypical activity in visual cortex was associated with autism symptomatology. These findings suggest atypical crossmodal (auditory-visual) modulation linked to sociocommunicative deficits in ASD, in agreement with the general hypothesis of low-level sensorimotor impairments affecting core symptomatology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1636 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Personal space regulation in childhood autism: Effects of social interaction and person's perspective / Michela CANDINI in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.144-154 Titre : Personal space regulation in childhood autism: Effects of social interaction and person's perspective Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michela CANDINI, Auteur ; Virginia GIUBERTI, Auteur ; Alessandra MANATTINI, Auteur ; Serenella GRITTANI, Auteur ; Giuseppe DI PELLEGRINO, Auteur ; Francesca FRASSINETTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.144-154 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : interpersonal distance  autism  social interaction  perspective taking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies in children with Typical Development (TD) and with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) revealed that autism affects the personal space regulation, influencing both its size (permeability) and its changes depending on social interaction (flexibility). Here, we investigate how the nature of social interaction (Cooperative vs. Uncooperative) and the person perspective influence permeability and flexibility of interpersonal distance. Moreover, we tested whether the deficit observed in ASD children, reflects the social impairment (SI) in daily interactions. The stop-distance paradigm was used to measure the preferred distance between the participant and an unfamiliar adult (first-person perspective, Experiment 1), and between two other people (third-person perspective, Experiment 2). Interpersonal distance was measured before and after the interaction with a confederate. The Wing Subgroups Questionnaire was used to evaluate SI in everyday activities, and each ASD participant was accordingly assigned either to the lower (children with low social impairment [low-SI ASD]), or to the higher SI group (children with high social impairment [high-SI ASD]). We observed larger interpersonal distance (permeability) in both ASD groups compared to TD children. Moreover, depending on the nature of social interaction, a modulation of interpersonal distance (flexibility) was observed in TD children, both from the first- and third-person perspective. Similar findings were found in low-SI but not in high-SI ASD children, in Experiment 1. Conversely, in Experiment 2, no change was observed in both ASD groups. These findings reveal that SI severity and a person's perspective may account for the deficit observed in autism when flexibility, but not permeability, of personal space is considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1637 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Personal space regulation in childhood autism: Effects of social interaction and person's perspective [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michela CANDINI, Auteur ; Virginia GIUBERTI, Auteur ; Alessandra MANATTINI, Auteur ; Serenella GRITTANI, Auteur ; Giuseppe DI PELLEGRINO, Auteur ; Francesca FRASSINETTI, Auteur . - p.144-154. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.144-154 Mots-clés : interpersonal distance  autism  social interaction  perspective taking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies in children with Typical Development (TD) and with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) revealed that autism affects the personal space regulation, influencing both its size (permeability) and its changes depending on social interaction (flexibility). Here, we investigate how the nature of social interaction (Cooperative vs. Uncooperative) and the person perspective influence permeability and flexibility of interpersonal distance. Moreover, we tested whether the deficit observed in ASD children, reflects the social impairment (SI) in daily interactions. The stop-distance paradigm was used to measure the preferred distance between the participant and an unfamiliar adult (first-person perspective, Experiment 1), and between two other people (third-person perspective, Experiment 2). Interpersonal distance was measured before and after the interaction with a confederate. The Wing Subgroups Questionnaire was used to evaluate SI in everyday activities, and each ASD participant was accordingly assigned either to the lower (children with low social impairment [low-SI ASD]), or to the higher SI group (children with high social impairment [high-SI ASD]). We observed larger interpersonal distance (permeability) in both ASD groups compared to TD children. Moreover, depending on the nature of social interaction, a modulation of interpersonal distance (flexibility) was observed in TD children, both from the first- and third-person perspective. Similar findings were found in low-SI but not in high-SI ASD children, in Experiment 1. Conversely, in Experiment 2, no change was observed in both ASD groups. These findings reveal that SI severity and a person's perspective may account for the deficit observed in autism when flexibility, but not permeability, of personal space is considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1637 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Voice identity processing in autism spectrum disorder / Stefanie SCHELINSKI in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.155-168 Titre : Voice identity processing in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stefanie SCHELINSKI, Auteur ; Claudia ROSWANDOWITZ, Auteur ; Katharina VON KRIEGSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.155-168 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  voice recognition  pitch discrimination  famous voice recognition  timbre discrimination  face recognition  superior temporal sulcus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties in identifying another person by face and voice. This might contribute considerably to the development of social cognition and interaction difficulties. The characteristics of the voice recognition deficit in ASD are unknown. Here, we used a comprehensive behavioral test battery to systematically investigate voice processing in high-functioning ASD (n?=?16) and typically developed pair-wise matched controls (n?=?16). The ASD group had particular difficulties with discriminating, learning, and recognizing unfamiliar voices, while recognizing famous voices was relatively intact. Tests on acoustic processing abilities showed that the ASD group had a specific deficit in vocal pitch perception that was dissociable from otherwise intact acoustic processing (i.e., musical pitch, musical, and vocal timbre perception). Our results allow a characterization of the voice recognition deficit in ASD: The findings indicate that in high-functioning ASD, the difficulty to recognize voices is particularly pronounced for learning novel voices and the recognition of unfamiliar peoples’ voices. This pattern might be indicative of difficulties with integrating the acoustic characteristics of the voice into a coherent percept—a function that has been previously associated with voice-selective regions in the posterior superior temporal sulcus/gyrus of the human brain. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1639 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Voice identity processing in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stefanie SCHELINSKI, Auteur ; Claudia ROSWANDOWITZ, Auteur ; Katharina VON KRIEGSTEIN, Auteur . - p.155-168. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.155-168 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  voice recognition  pitch discrimination  famous voice recognition  timbre discrimination  face recognition  superior temporal sulcus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties in identifying another person by face and voice. This might contribute considerably to the development of social cognition and interaction difficulties. The characteristics of the voice recognition deficit in ASD are unknown. Here, we used a comprehensive behavioral test battery to systematically investigate voice processing in high-functioning ASD (n?=?16) and typically developed pair-wise matched controls (n?=?16). The ASD group had particular difficulties with discriminating, learning, and recognizing unfamiliar voices, while recognizing famous voices was relatively intact. Tests on acoustic processing abilities showed that the ASD group had a specific deficit in vocal pitch perception that was dissociable from otherwise intact acoustic processing (i.e., musical pitch, musical, and vocal timbre perception). Our results allow a characterization of the voice recognition deficit in ASD: The findings indicate that in high-functioning ASD, the difficulty to recognize voices is particularly pronounced for learning novel voices and the recognition of unfamiliar peoples’ voices. This pattern might be indicative of difficulties with integrating the acoustic characteristics of the voice into a coherent percept—a function that has been previously associated with voice-selective regions in the posterior superior temporal sulcus/gyrus of the human brain. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1639 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Non-ASD outcomes at 36 months in siblings at familial risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A baby siblings research consortium (BSRC) study / Tony CHARMAN in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.169-178 Titre : Non-ASD outcomes at 36 months in siblings at familial risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A baby siblings research consortium (BSRC) study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Gregory S. YOUNG, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; Leslie J. CARVER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Suzanne CURTIN, Auteur ; Karen DOBKINS, Auteur ; Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; Ted HUTMAN, Auteur ; Jana M. IVERSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur ; Suzanne MACARI, Auteur ; Daniel S. MESSINGER, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Celine A. SAULNIER, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; Sara Jane WEBB, Auteur ; Nurit YIRMIYA, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.169-178 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broader autism phenotype  developmental outcomes  high risk siblings  adaptive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We characterized developmental outcomes of a large sample of siblings at familial high-risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who themselves did not have ASD (n?=?859), and low-risk controls with no family history of ASD (n?=?473). We report outcomes at age 3 years using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), the Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised (ADI-R) and adaptive functioning on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Around 11% of high-risk siblings had mild-to-moderate levels of developmental delay, a rate higher than the low-risk controls. The groups did not differ in the proportion of toddlers with mild-to-moderate language delay. Thirty percent of high-risk siblings had elevated scores on the ADOS, double the rate seen in the low-risk controls. High-risk siblings also had higher parent reported levels of ASD symptoms on the ADI-R and lower adaptive functioning on the Vineland. Males were more likely to show higher levels of ASD symptoms and lower levels of developmental ability and adaptive behavior than females across most measures but not mild-to-moderate language delay. Lower maternal education was associated with lower developmental and adaptive behavior outcomes. These findings are evidence for early emerging characteristics related to the “broader autism phenotype” (BAP) previously described in older family members of individuals with ASD. There is a need for ongoing clinical monitoring of high-risk siblings who do not have an ASD by age 3 years, as well as continued follow-up into school age to determine their developmental and behavioral outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1669 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Non-ASD outcomes at 36 months in siblings at familial risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A baby siblings research consortium (BSRC) study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Gregory S. YOUNG, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; Leslie J. CARVER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Suzanne CURTIN, Auteur ; Karen DOBKINS, Auteur ; Mayada ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; Stelios GEORGIADES, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; Ted HUTMAN, Auteur ; Jana M. IVERSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur ; Suzanne MACARI, Auteur ; Daniel S. MESSINGER, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur ; Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Celine A. SAULNIER, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; Sara Jane WEBB, Auteur ; Nurit YIRMIYA, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur . - p.169-178. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.169-178 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broader autism phenotype  developmental outcomes  high risk siblings  adaptive functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We characterized developmental outcomes of a large sample of siblings at familial high-risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who themselves did not have ASD (n?=?859), and low-risk controls with no family history of ASD (n?=?473). We report outcomes at age 3 years using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), the Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised (ADI-R) and adaptive functioning on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Around 11% of high-risk siblings had mild-to-moderate levels of developmental delay, a rate higher than the low-risk controls. The groups did not differ in the proportion of toddlers with mild-to-moderate language delay. Thirty percent of high-risk siblings had elevated scores on the ADOS, double the rate seen in the low-risk controls. High-risk siblings also had higher parent reported levels of ASD symptoms on the ADI-R and lower adaptive functioning on the Vineland. Males were more likely to show higher levels of ASD symptoms and lower levels of developmental ability and adaptive behavior than females across most measures but not mild-to-moderate language delay. Lower maternal education was associated with lower developmental and adaptive behavior outcomes. These findings are evidence for early emerging characteristics related to the “broader autism phenotype” (BAP) previously described in older family members of individuals with ASD. There is a need for ongoing clinical monitoring of high-risk siblings who do not have an ASD by age 3 years, as well as continued follow-up into school age to determine their developmental and behavioral outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1669 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Evidence of a reduction over time in the behavioral severity of autistic disorder diagnoses / Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.179-187 Titre : Evidence of a reduction over time in the behavioral severity of autistic disorder diagnoses Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Ashleigh LIN, Auteur ; John WRAY, Auteur ; Emma J. GLASSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.179-187 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autistic disorder  autism spectrum disorder  epidemiology  diagnosis  prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may in part be due to a shift in the diagnostic threshold that has led to individuals with a less severe behavioral phenotype receiving a clinical diagnosis. This study examined whether there were changes over time in the qualitative and quantitative phenotype of individuals who received the diagnosis of Autistic Disorder. Data were from a prospective register of new diagnoses in Western Australia (n?=?1252). From 2000 to 2006, we examined differences in both the percentage of newly diagnosed cases that met each criterion as well as severity ratings of the behaviors observed (not met, partially met, mild/moderate and extreme). Linear regression determined there was a statistically significant reduction from 2000 to 2006 in the percentage of new diagnoses meeting two of 12 criteria. There was also a reduction across the study period in the proportion of new cases rated as having extreme severity on six criteria. There was a reduction in the proportion of individuals with three or more criteria rated as extreme from 2000 (16.0%) to 2006 (1.6%), while percentage of new cases with no “extreme” rating on any criteria increased from 58.5% to 86.6% across the same period. This study provides the first clear evidence of a reduction over time in the behavioral severity of individuals diagnosed with Autistic Disorder during a period of stability in diagnostic criteria. A shift toward diagnosing individuals with less severe behavioral symptoms may have contributed to the increasing prevalence of Autistic Disorder diagnoses. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Evidence of a reduction over time in the behavioral severity of autistic disorder diagnoses [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Ashleigh LIN, Auteur ; John WRAY, Auteur ; Emma J. GLASSON, Auteur . - p.179-187. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.179-187 Mots-clés : autistic disorder  autism spectrum disorder  epidemiology  diagnosis  prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may in part be due to a shift in the diagnostic threshold that has led to individuals with a less severe behavioral phenotype receiving a clinical diagnosis. This study examined whether there were changes over time in the qualitative and quantitative phenotype of individuals who received the diagnosis of Autistic Disorder. Data were from a prospective register of new diagnoses in Western Australia (n?=?1252). From 2000 to 2006, we examined differences in both the percentage of newly diagnosed cases that met each criterion as well as severity ratings of the behaviors observed (not met, partially met, mild/moderate and extreme). Linear regression determined there was a statistically significant reduction from 2000 to 2006 in the percentage of new diagnoses meeting two of 12 criteria. There was also a reduction across the study period in the proportion of new cases rated as having extreme severity on six criteria. There was a reduction in the proportion of individuals with three or more criteria rated as extreme from 2000 (16.0%) to 2006 (1.6%), while percentage of new cases with no “extreme” rating on any criteria increased from 58.5% to 86.6% across the same period. This study provides the first clear evidence of a reduction over time in the behavioral severity of individuals diagnosed with Autistic Disorder during a period of stability in diagnostic criteria. A shift toward diagnosing individuals with less severe behavioral symptoms may have contributed to the increasing prevalence of Autistic Disorder diagnoses. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.188-194 Titre : Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.188-194 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1757 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.188-194. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.188-194 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1757 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

International society for autism research news www.autism-insar.org in Autism Research, 10-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.195-195 Titre : International society for autism research news www.autism-insar.org Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.195-195 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1758 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] International society for autism research news www.autism-insar.org [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.195-195. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-1 (January 2017) . - p.195-195 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1758 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303