Loss of language in early development of autism and specific language impairment / Andrew PICKLES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-7 (July 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-7 (July 2009) . - p.843-852 Titre : Loss of language in early development of autism and specific language impairment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Gina CONTI-RAMSDEN, Auteur ; Zoë SIMKIN, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Tom LOUCAS, Auteur ; Susie CHANDLER, Auteur ; Milena FALCARO, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.843-852 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Language-loss autism specific-language-impairment-(SLI) early-language-development SNAP Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Several authors have highlighted areas of overlap in symptoms and impairment among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children with specific language impairment (SLI). By contrast, loss of language and broadly defined regression have been reported as relatively specific to autism. We compare the incidence of language loss and language progression of children with autism and SLI. Methods: We used two complementary studies: the Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP) and the Manchester Language Study (MLS) involving children with SLI. This yielded a combined sample of 368 children (305 males and 63 females) assessed in late childhood for autism, history of language loss, epilepsy, language abilities and nonverbal IQ. Results: language loss occurred in just 1% of children with SLI but in 15% of children classified as having autism or autism spectrum disorder. Loss was more common among children with autism rather than milder ASD and is much less frequently reported when language development is delayed. For children who lost language skills before their first phrases, the phrased speech milestone was postponed but long-term language skills were not significantly lower than children with autism but without loss. For the few who experienced language loss after acquiring phrased speech, subsequent cognitive performance is more uncertain. Conclusions: Language loss is highly specific to ASD. The underlying developmental abnormality may be more prevalent than raw data might suggest, its possible presence being hidden for children whose language development is delayed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02032.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=771 [article] Loss of language in early development of autism and specific language impairment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Gina CONTI-RAMSDEN, Auteur ; Zoë SIMKIN, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Tom LOUCAS, Auteur ; Susie CHANDLER, Auteur ; Milena FALCARO, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.843-852. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-7 (July 2009) . - p.843-852 Mots-clés : Language-loss autism specific-language-impairment-(SLI) early-language-development SNAP Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Several authors have highlighted areas of overlap in symptoms and impairment among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children with specific language impairment (SLI). By contrast, loss of language and broadly defined regression have been reported as relatively specific to autism. We compare the incidence of language loss and language progression of children with autism and SLI. Methods: We used two complementary studies: the Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP) and the Manchester Language Study (MLS) involving children with SLI. This yielded a combined sample of 368 children (305 males and 63 females) assessed in late childhood for autism, history of language loss, epilepsy, language abilities and nonverbal IQ. Results: language loss occurred in just 1% of children with SLI but in 15% of children classified as having autism or autism spectrum disorder. Loss was more common among children with autism rather than milder ASD and is much less frequently reported when language development is delayed. For children who lost language skills before their first phrases, the phrased speech milestone was postponed but long-term language skills were not significantly lower than children with autism but without loss. For the few who experienced language loss after acquiring phrased speech, subsequent cognitive performance is more uncertain. Conclusions: Language loss is highly specific to ASD. The underlying developmental abnormality may be more prevalent than raw data might suggest, its possible presence being hidden for children whose language development is delayed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02032.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=771

A multimodal approach to emotion recognition ability in autism spectrum disorders / Catherine R. G. JONES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-3 (March 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-3 (March 2011) . - p.275-285 Titre : A multimodal approach to emotion recognition ability in autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Milena FALCARO, Auteur ; Anita J.S. MARSDEN, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Sophie K. SCOTT, Auteur ; Disa A. SAUTER, Auteur ; Jenifer TREGAY, Auteur ; Rebecca PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.275-285 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  emotion recognition  emotion processing  social communication  structural equation modelling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterised by social and communication difficulties in day-to-day life, including problems in recognising emotions. However, experimental investigations of emotion recognition ability in ASD have been equivocal, hampered by small sample sizes, narrow IQ range and over-focus on the visual modality. Methods:  We tested 99 adolescents (mean age 15;6 years, mean IQ 85) with an ASD and 57 adolescents without an ASD (mean age 15;6 years, mean IQ 88) on a facial emotion recognition task and two vocal emotion recognition tasks (one verbal; one non-verbal). Recognition of happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise and disgust were tested. Using structural equation modelling, we conceptualised emotion recognition ability as a multimodal construct, measured by the three tasks. We examined how the mean levels of recognition of the six emotions differed by group (ASD vs. non-ASD) and IQ (≥ 80 vs. < 80). Results:  We found no evidence of a fundamental emotion recognition deficit in the ASD group and analysis of error patterns suggested that the ASD group were vulnerable to the same pattern of confusions between emotions as the non-ASD group. However, recognition ability was significantly impaired in the ASD group for surprise. IQ had a strong and significant effect on performance for the recognition of all six emotions, with higher IQ adolescents outperforming lower IQ adolescents. Conclusions:  The findings do not suggest a fundamental difficulty with the recognition of basic emotions in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02328.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118 [article] A multimodal approach to emotion recognition ability in autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine R. G. JONES, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Milena FALCARO, Auteur ; Anita J.S. MARSDEN, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Sophie K. SCOTT, Auteur ; Disa A. SAUTER, Auteur ; Jenifer TREGAY, Auteur ; Rebecca PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Gillian BAIRD, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.275-285. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-3 (March 2011) . - p.275-285 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  emotion recognition  emotion processing  social communication  structural equation modelling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterised by social and communication difficulties in day-to-day life, including problems in recognising emotions. However, experimental investigations of emotion recognition ability in ASD have been equivocal, hampered by small sample sizes, narrow IQ range and over-focus on the visual modality. Methods:  We tested 99 adolescents (mean age 15;6 years, mean IQ 85) with an ASD and 57 adolescents without an ASD (mean age 15;6 years, mean IQ 88) on a facial emotion recognition task and two vocal emotion recognition tasks (one verbal; one non-verbal). Recognition of happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise and disgust were tested. Using structural equation modelling, we conceptualised emotion recognition ability as a multimodal construct, measured by the three tasks. We examined how the mean levels of recognition of the six emotions differed by group (ASD vs. non-ASD) and IQ (≥ 80 vs. < 80). Results:  We found no evidence of a fundamental emotion recognition deficit in the ASD group and analysis of error patterns suggested that the ASD group were vulnerable to the same pattern of confusions between emotions as the non-ASD group. However, recognition ability was significantly impaired in the ASD group for surprise. IQ had a strong and significant effect on performance for the recognition of all six emotions, with higher IQ adolescents outperforming lower IQ adolescents. Conclusions:  The findings do not suggest a fundamental difficulty with the recognition of basic emotions in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02328.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=118

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