Common genetic and nonshared environmental factors contribute to the association between socioemotional dispositions and the externalizing factor in children / Jeanette TAYLOR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-1 (January 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-1 (January 2013) . - 67-76 Titre : Common genetic and nonshared environmental factors contribute to the association between socioemotional dispositions and the externalizing factor in children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jeanette TAYLOR, Auteur ; Nicholas P. ALLAN, Auteur ; Amy J. MIKOLAJEWSKI, Auteur ; Sara A. HART, Auteur Article en page(s) : 67-76 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Externalizing  genetic  temperament  dispositions; Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Childhood behavioral disorders including conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occur. Prior twin research shows that common sets of genetic and environmental factors are associated with these various disorders and they form a latent factor called Externalizing. The developmental propensity model posits that CD develops in part from socioemotional dispositions of Prosociality, Negative Emotionality, and Daring; and recent research has supported the expected genetic and environmental associations between these dispositions and CD. This study examined the developmental propensity model in relation to the broader Externalizing factor that represents the covariance among behavior disorders in children. Methods: Parents of 686 six- to twelve-year-old twin pairs rated them on symptoms of CD, ADHD, and ODD using the disruptive behavior disorder scale and on Prosociality, Negative Emotionality, and Daring using the Child and Adolescent Dispositions Scale. A latent factor multivariate Cholesky model was used with each disposition latent factor comprised of respective questionnaire items and the Externalizing factor comprised of symptom dimensions of CD, ADHD inattention, ADHD hyperactivity/impulsivity, and ODD. Results: Results supported the hypothesis that the socioemotional dispositions and the Externalizing factor have genetic factors in common, but there was not a single genetic factor associated with all of the constructs. As expected, nonshared environment factors were shared by the dispositions and Externalizing factor but, again, no single nonshared environmental factor was common to all constructs. A shared environmental factor was associated with both Negative Emotionality and Externalizing. Conclusions: The developmental propensity model was supported and appears to extend to the broader externalizing spectrum of childhood disorders. Socioemotional dispositions of prosociality, negative emotionality, and (to a lesser extent) daring may contribute to the covariation among behavioral disorders and perhaps to their comorbid expression through common sets of primarily genetic but also environmental factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02621.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186 [article] Common genetic and nonshared environmental factors contribute to the association between socioemotional dispositions and the externalizing factor in children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jeanette TAYLOR, Auteur ; Nicholas P. ALLAN, Auteur ; Amy J. MIKOLAJEWSKI, Auteur ; Sara A. HART, Auteur . - 67-76. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-1 (January 2013) . - 67-76 Mots-clés : Externalizing  genetic  temperament  dispositions; Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Childhood behavioral disorders including conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occur. Prior twin research shows that common sets of genetic and environmental factors are associated with these various disorders and they form a latent factor called Externalizing. The developmental propensity model posits that CD develops in part from socioemotional dispositions of Prosociality, Negative Emotionality, and Daring; and recent research has supported the expected genetic and environmental associations between these dispositions and CD. This study examined the developmental propensity model in relation to the broader Externalizing factor that represents the covariance among behavior disorders in children. Methods: Parents of 686 six- to twelve-year-old twin pairs rated them on symptoms of CD, ADHD, and ODD using the disruptive behavior disorder scale and on Prosociality, Negative Emotionality, and Daring using the Child and Adolescent Dispositions Scale. A latent factor multivariate Cholesky model was used with each disposition latent factor comprised of respective questionnaire items and the Externalizing factor comprised of symptom dimensions of CD, ADHD inattention, ADHD hyperactivity/impulsivity, and ODD. Results: Results supported the hypothesis that the socioemotional dispositions and the Externalizing factor have genetic factors in common, but there was not a single genetic factor associated with all of the constructs. As expected, nonshared environment factors were shared by the dispositions and Externalizing factor but, again, no single nonshared environmental factor was common to all constructs. A shared environmental factor was associated with both Negative Emotionality and Externalizing. Conclusions: The developmental propensity model was supported and appears to extend to the broader externalizing spectrum of childhood disorders. Socioemotional dispositions of prosociality, negative emotionality, and (to a lesser extent) daring may contribute to the covariation among behavioral disorders and perhaps to their comorbid expression through common sets of primarily genetic but also environmental factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02621.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186

Environmental influences on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary: measuring the home literacy environment in a genetically sensitive design / Sara A. HART in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.911-919 Titre : Environmental influences on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary: measuring the home literacy environment in a genetically sensitive design Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Lee A. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Laura S. DE THORNE, Auteur ; Laurie E. CUTTING, Auteur ; Christopher SCHATSCHNEIDER, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.911-919 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Expressive-vocabulary home-literacy-environment twins genetics environments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite the well-replicated relationship between the home literacy environment and expressive vocabulary, few studies have examined the extent to which the home literacy environment is associated with the development of early vocabulary ability in the context of genetic influences. This study examined the influence of the home literacy environment on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary within a genetically sensitive design. Methods: Participants were drawn from the Western Reserve Reading Project, a longitudinal twin project of 314 twin pairs based in Ohio. Twins were assessed via three annual home visits during early elementary school; expressive vocabulary was measured via the Boston Naming Test (BNT), and the Home Literacy Environment (HLE) was assessed using mothers' report. Results: The heritability of the BNT was moderate and significant at each measurement occasion, h2 = .29–.49, as were the estimates of the shared environment, c2 = .27–.39. HLE accounted for between 6–10% of the total variance in each year of vocabulary assessment. Furthermore, 7–9% of the total variance of the stability over time in BNT was accounted for by covariance in the home literacy environment. Conclusions: These results indicate that aspects of the home literacy environment, as reported by mothers, account for some of the shared environmental variance associated with expressive vocabulary in school aged children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02074.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] Environmental influences on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary: measuring the home literacy environment in a genetically sensitive design [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Lee A. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Laura S. DE THORNE, Auteur ; Laurie E. CUTTING, Auteur ; Christopher SCHATSCHNEIDER, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.911-919. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.911-919 Mots-clés : Expressive-vocabulary home-literacy-environment twins genetics environments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite the well-replicated relationship between the home literacy environment and expressive vocabulary, few studies have examined the extent to which the home literacy environment is associated with the development of early vocabulary ability in the context of genetic influences. This study examined the influence of the home literacy environment on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary within a genetically sensitive design. Methods: Participants were drawn from the Western Reserve Reading Project, a longitudinal twin project of 314 twin pairs based in Ohio. Twins were assessed via three annual home visits during early elementary school; expressive vocabulary was measured via the Boston Naming Test (BNT), and the Home Literacy Environment (HLE) was assessed using mothers' report. Results: The heritability of the BNT was moderate and significant at each measurement occasion, h2 = .29–.49, as were the estimates of the shared environment, c2 = .27–.39. HLE accounted for between 6–10% of the total variance in each year of vocabulary assessment. Furthermore, 7–9% of the total variance of the stability over time in BNT was accounted for by covariance in the home literacy environment. Conclusions: These results indicate that aspects of the home literacy environment, as reported by mothers, account for some of the shared environmental variance associated with expressive vocabulary in school aged children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02074.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

Expanding the environment: gene × school-level SES interaction on reading comprehension / Sara A. HART in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-10 (October 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-10 (October 2013) . - p.1047-1055 Titre : Expanding the environment: gene × school-level SES interaction on reading comprehension Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Brooke SODEN, Auteur ; Wendy JOHNSON, Auteur ; Christopher SCHATSCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Jeanette TAYLOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1047-1055 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Reading comprehension  G × E interaction  school-level SES  bioecological model Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Influential work has explored the role of family socioeconomic status (SES) as an environmental moderator of genetic and environmental influences on cognitive outcomes. This work has provided evidence that socioeconomic circumstances differentially impact the heritability of cognitive abilities, generally supporting the bioecological model in that genetic influences are greater at higher levels of family SES. The present work expanded consideration of the environment, using school-level SES as a moderator of reading comprehension. Methods The sample included 577 pairs of twins from the Florida Twin Project on Reading, Behavior and Environment. Reading comprehension was measured by the Florida Comprehensive Achievement Test (FCAT) Reading in third or fourth grade. School-level SES was measured by the mean Free and Reduced Lunch Status (FRLS) of the schoolmates of the twins. Results The best-fitting univariate G × E moderation model indicated greater genetic influences on reading comprehension when fewer schoolmates qualified for FRLS (i.e., ‘higher’ school-level SES). There was also an indication of moderation of the shared environment; there were greater shared environmental influences on reading comprehension at higher school-level SES. Conclusions The results supported the bioecological model; greater genetic variance was found in school environments in which student populations experienced less poverty. In general, ‘higher’ school-level SES allowed genetic and probably shared environmental variance to contribute as sources of individual differences in reading comprehension outcomes. Poverty suppresses these influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12083 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212 [article] Expanding the environment: gene × school-level SES interaction on reading comprehension [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Brooke SODEN, Auteur ; Wendy JOHNSON, Auteur ; Christopher SCHATSCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Jeanette TAYLOR, Auteur . - p.1047-1055. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-10 (October 2013) . - p.1047-1055 Mots-clés : Reading comprehension  G × E interaction  school-level SES  bioecological model Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Influential work has explored the role of family socioeconomic status (SES) as an environmental moderator of genetic and environmental influences on cognitive outcomes. This work has provided evidence that socioeconomic circumstances differentially impact the heritability of cognitive abilities, generally supporting the bioecological model in that genetic influences are greater at higher levels of family SES. The present work expanded consideration of the environment, using school-level SES as a moderator of reading comprehension. Methods The sample included 577 pairs of twins from the Florida Twin Project on Reading, Behavior and Environment. Reading comprehension was measured by the Florida Comprehensive Achievement Test (FCAT) Reading in third or fourth grade. School-level SES was measured by the mean Free and Reduced Lunch Status (FRLS) of the schoolmates of the twins. Results The best-fitting univariate G × E moderation model indicated greater genetic influences on reading comprehension when fewer schoolmates qualified for FRLS (i.e., ‘higher’ school-level SES). There was also an indication of moderation of the shared environment; there were greater shared environmental influences on reading comprehension at higher school-level SES. Conclusions The results supported the bioecological model; greater genetic variance was found in school environments in which student populations experienced less poverty. In general, ‘higher’ school-level SES allowed genetic and probably shared environmental variance to contribute as sources of individual differences in reading comprehension outcomes. Poverty suppresses these influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12083 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212

Genetic and environmental influences on the growth of early reading skills / Stephen A. PETRILL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-6 (June 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-6 (June 2010) . - p.660-667 Titre : Genetic and environmental influences on the growth of early reading skills Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Laura M. JUSTICE, Auteur ; Jessica LOGAN, Auteur ; Laurie E. CUTTING, Auteur ; Laura S. DE THORNE, Auteur ; Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Nicole HARLAAR, Auteur ; Lee A. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Christopher SCHATSCHNEIDER, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.660-667 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Growth reading twin genetics environment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Studies have suggested genetic and environmental influences on overall level of early reading whereas the larger reading literature has shown environmental influences on the rate of growth of early reading skills. This study is the first to examine the genetic and environmental influences on both initial level of performance and rate of subsequent growth in early reading. Methods: Participants were drawn from the Western Reserve Reading Project, a study of 314 twin pairs based in Ohio. Twins were assessed via three annual home visits during early elementary school. Assessments included word identification, letter identification, pseudoword decoding, expressive vocabulary, phoneme awareness, and rapid naming. Measures were analyzed using latent growth curve modeling. Results: The heritability of initial performance (latent intercept) ranged from h2 = .38 for word identification to h2 = .72 for rapid naming. Shared environment ranged from c2 = .11 for rapid naming to c2 = .62 for word identification. The heritability of the rate of subsequent growth (latent slope) was statistically significant for rapid naming h2 = .58 and phoneme awareness h2 = .20. Shared environment accounted for nearly 100% of variance in rate of growth for word identification, letter identification and pseudoword decoding, and was statistically significant and large for phoneme awareness (c2 = .80). Genetic variance for rapid naming and phoneme awareness latent slopes overlapped entirely with genetic variance on the intercepts. In contrast, one-third to two-thirds of the shared environmental variance on the slope was independent from the shared environmental variance on the intercept. Conclusions: Genetic influences were related primarily to those already present at the initial level of performance. In contrast, shared environmental influences affecting rate of growth were both predicted by and independent from initial levels of performance. Results suggested that growth in early reading skills is amenable to family, school, or other environmental influences as reading skills develop. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02204.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 [article] Genetic and environmental influences on the growth of early reading skills [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Laura M. JUSTICE, Auteur ; Jessica LOGAN, Auteur ; Laurie E. CUTTING, Auteur ; Laura S. DE THORNE, Auteur ; Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Nicole HARLAAR, Auteur ; Lee A. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Christopher SCHATSCHNEIDER, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.660-667. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-6 (June 2010) . - p.660-667 Mots-clés : Growth reading twin genetics environment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Studies have suggested genetic and environmental influences on overall level of early reading whereas the larger reading literature has shown environmental influences on the rate of growth of early reading skills. This study is the first to examine the genetic and environmental influences on both initial level of performance and rate of subsequent growth in early reading. Methods: Participants were drawn from the Western Reserve Reading Project, a study of 314 twin pairs based in Ohio. Twins were assessed via three annual home visits during early elementary school. Assessments included word identification, letter identification, pseudoword decoding, expressive vocabulary, phoneme awareness, and rapid naming. Measures were analyzed using latent growth curve modeling. Results: The heritability of initial performance (latent intercept) ranged from h2 = .38 for word identification to h2 = .72 for rapid naming. Shared environment ranged from c2 = .11 for rapid naming to c2 = .62 for word identification. The heritability of the rate of subsequent growth (latent slope) was statistically significant for rapid naming h2 = .58 and phoneme awareness h2 = .20. Shared environment accounted for nearly 100% of variance in rate of growth for word identification, letter identification and pseudoword decoding, and was statistically significant and large for phoneme awareness (c2 = .80). Genetic variance for rapid naming and phoneme awareness latent slopes overlapped entirely with genetic variance on the intercepts. In contrast, one-third to two-thirds of the shared environmental variance on the slope was independent from the shared environmental variance on the intercept. Conclusions: Genetic influences were related primarily to those already present at the initial level of performance. In contrast, shared environmental influences affecting rate of growth were both predicted by and independent from initial levels of performance. Results suggested that growth in early reading skills is amenable to family, school, or other environmental influences as reading skills develop. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02204.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101

Where you live matters: visualizing environmental effects on reading attainment / Florina ERBELI ; Zoe E. REED ; Rasheda HAUGHBROOK ; Oliver S. P. DAVIS ; Sara A. HART ; Jeanette E. TAYLOR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65-6 (June 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-6 (June 2024) . - p.798-808 Titre : Where you live matters: visualizing environmental effects on reading attainment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Florina ERBELI, Auteur ; Zoe E. REED, Auteur ; Rasheda HAUGHBROOK, Auteur ; Oliver S. P. DAVIS, Auteur ; Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Jeanette E. TAYLOR, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p.798-808 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The way in which socioeconomic status (SES) moderates the etiology of reading attainment has been explored many times, with past work often finding that genetic influences are suppressed under conditions of socioeconomic deprivation and more fully realized under conditions of socioeconomic advantage: a gene-SES interaction. Additionally, past work has pointed toward the presence of gene-location interactions, with the relative influence of genes and environment varying across geographic regions of the same country/state. Method This study investigates the extent to which SES and geographical location interact to moderate the genetic and environmental components of reading attainment. Utilizing data from 2,135 twin pairs in Florida (mean age 13.82?years, range 10.71-17.77), the study operationalized reading attainment as reading comprehension scores from a statewide test and SES as household income. We applied a spatial twin analysis procedure to investigate how twin genetic and environmental estimates vary by geographic location. We then expanded this analysis to explore how the moderating role of SES on said genetic and environmental influences also varied by geographic location. Results A gene-SES interaction was found, with heritability of reading being suppressed in lower- (23%) versus higher-SES homes (78%). The magnitude of the moderating parameters were not consistent by location, however, and ranged from ?0.10 to 0.10 for the moderating effect on genetic influences, and from ?0.30 to 0.05 for the moderating effect on environmental influences. For smaller areas and those with less socioeconomic variability, the magnitude of the genetic moderating parameter was high, giving rise to more fully realized genetic influences on reading there. Conclusions SES significantly influences reading variability. However, a child's home location matters in both the overall etiology and how strongly SES moderates said etiologies. These results point toward the presence of multiple significant environmental factors that simultaneously, and inseparably, influence the underlying etiology of reading attainment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13909 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] Where you live matters: visualizing environmental effects on reading attainment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Florina ERBELI, Auteur ; Zoe E. REED, Auteur ; Rasheda HAUGHBROOK, Auteur ; Oliver S. P. DAVIS, Auteur ; Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Jeanette E. TAYLOR, Auteur . - 2024 . - p.798-808. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-6 (June 2024) . - p.798-808 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The way in which socioeconomic status (SES) moderates the etiology of reading attainment has been explored many times, with past work often finding that genetic influences are suppressed under conditions of socioeconomic deprivation and more fully realized under conditions of socioeconomic advantage: a gene-SES interaction. Additionally, past work has pointed toward the presence of gene-location interactions, with the relative influence of genes and environment varying across geographic regions of the same country/state. Method This study investigates the extent to which SES and geographical location interact to moderate the genetic and environmental components of reading attainment. Utilizing data from 2,135 twin pairs in Florida (mean age 13.82?years, range 10.71-17.77), the study operationalized reading attainment as reading comprehension scores from a statewide test and SES as household income. We applied a spatial twin analysis procedure to investigate how twin genetic and environmental estimates vary by geographic location. We then expanded this analysis to explore how the moderating role of SES on said genetic and environmental influences also varied by geographic location. Results A gene-SES interaction was found, with heritability of reading being suppressed in lower- (23%) versus higher-SES homes (78%). The magnitude of the moderating parameters were not consistent by location, however, and ranged from ?0.10 to 0.10 for the moderating effect on genetic influences, and from ?0.30 to 0.05 for the moderating effect on environmental influences. For smaller areas and those with less socioeconomic variability, the magnitude of the genetic moderating parameter was high, giving rise to more fully realized genetic influences on reading there. Conclusions SES significantly influences reading variability. However, a child's home location matters in both the overall etiology and how strongly SES moderates said etiologies. These results point toward the presence of multiple significant environmental factors that simultaneously, and inseparably, influence the underlying etiology of reading attainment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13909 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529

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