Dépouillements

Editorial: Applying the basics / Thomas G. O'CONNOR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.879-880 Titre : Editorial: Applying the basics Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.879-880 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02142.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=786 [article] Editorial: Applying the basics [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.879-880. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.879-880 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02142.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=786

Research review: Goals, intentions and mental states: challenges for theories of autism / Antonia HAMILTON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.881-892 Titre : Research review: Goals, intentions and mental states: challenges for theories of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.881-892 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder brain-imaging cognition theory-of-mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The ability to understand the goals and intentions behind other people's actions is central to many social interactions. Given the profound social difficulties seen in autism, we might expect goal understanding to be impaired in these individuals. Two influential theories, the 'broken mirror' theory and the mentalising theory, can both predict this result. However, a review of the current data provides little empirical support for goal understanding difficulties; several studies demonstrate normal performance by autistic children on tasks requiring the understanding of goals or intentions. I suggest that this conclusion forces us to reject the basic broken mirror theory and to re-evaluate the breadth of the mentalising theory. More subtle theories which distinguish between different types of mirroring and different types of mentalising may be able to account for the present data, and further research is required to test and refine these theories. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02098.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] Research review: Goals, intentions and mental states: challenges for theories of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.881-892. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.881-892 Mots-clés : Autistic-disorder brain-imaging cognition theory-of-mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The ability to understand the goals and intentions behind other people's actions is central to many social interactions. Given the profound social difficulties seen in autism, we might expect goal understanding to be impaired in these individuals. Two influential theories, the 'broken mirror' theory and the mentalising theory, can both predict this result. However, a review of the current data provides little empirical support for goal understanding difficulties; several studies demonstrate normal performance by autistic children on tasks requiring the understanding of goals or intentions. I suggest that this conclusion forces us to reject the basic broken mirror theory and to re-evaluate the breadth of the mentalising theory. More subtle theories which distinguish between different types of mirroring and different types of mentalising may be able to account for the present data, and further research is required to test and refine these theories. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02098.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

Persistence of literacy problems: spelling in adolescence and at mid-life / Barbara MAUGHAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.893-901 Titre : Persistence of literacy problems: spelling in adolescence and at mid-life Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; William YULE, Auteur ; Margaret J. SNOWLING, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Stephan COLLISHAW, Auteur ; J. MESSER, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.893-901 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Developmental reading-problems follow-up spelling epidemiology continuity reading-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Developmental reading problems show strong persistence across the school years; less is known about poor readers' later progress in literacy skills. Method: Poor (n = 42) and normally developing readers (n = 86) tested in adolescence (ages 14/15 years) in the Isle of Wight epidemiological studies were re-contacted at mid-life (ages 44/45 years). Participants completed a spelling test, and reported on educational qualifications, perceived adult spelling competence, and problems in day-to-day literacy tasks. Results: Individual differences in spelling were highly persistent across this 30-year follow-up, with correlations between spelling at ages 14 and 44 years of r = .91 (p < .001) for poor readers and r = .89 (p < .001) for normally developing readers. Poor readers' spelling remained markedly impaired at mid-life, with some evidence that they had fallen further behind over the follow-up period. Taking account of adolescent spelling levels, continued exposure to reading and literacy demands in adolescence and early adulthood was independently predictive of adult spelling in both samples; family social background added further to prediction among normally developing readers only. Conclusions: By adolescence, individual differences in spelling and its related sub-skills are highly stable. Encouraging young people with reading disabilities to maintain their exposure to reading and writing may be advantageous in the longer term. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02079.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] Persistence of literacy problems: spelling in adolescence and at mid-life [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; William YULE, Auteur ; Margaret J. SNOWLING, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Stephan COLLISHAW, Auteur ; J. MESSER, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.893-901. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.893-901 Mots-clés : Developmental reading-problems follow-up spelling epidemiology continuity reading-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Developmental reading problems show strong persistence across the school years; less is known about poor readers' later progress in literacy skills. Method: Poor (n = 42) and normally developing readers (n = 86) tested in adolescence (ages 14/15 years) in the Isle of Wight epidemiological studies were re-contacted at mid-life (ages 44/45 years). Participants completed a spelling test, and reported on educational qualifications, perceived adult spelling competence, and problems in day-to-day literacy tasks. Results: Individual differences in spelling were highly persistent across this 30-year follow-up, with correlations between spelling at ages 14 and 44 years of r = .91 (p < .001) for poor readers and r = .89 (p < .001) for normally developing readers. Poor readers' spelling remained markedly impaired at mid-life, with some evidence that they had fallen further behind over the follow-up period. Taking account of adolescent spelling levels, continued exposure to reading and literacy demands in adolescence and early adulthood was independently predictive of adult spelling in both samples; family social background added further to prediction among normally developing readers only. Conclusions: By adolescence, individual differences in spelling and its related sub-skills are highly stable. Encouraging young people with reading disabilities to maintain their exposure to reading and writing may be advantageous in the longer term. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02079.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

Directional effects between rapid auditory processing and phonological awareness in children / Erin PHINNEY JOHNSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.902-910 Titre : Directional effects between rapid auditory processing and phonological awareness in children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erin PHINNEY JOHNSON, Auteur ; Bruce F. PENNINGTON, Auteur ; Richard BOADA, Auteur ; Nancy RAITANO LEE, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.902-910 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Rapid-auditory-processing phoneme-awareness reading-ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Deficient rapid auditory processing (RAP) has been associated with early language impairment and dyslexia. Using an auditory masking paradigm, children with language disabilities perform selectively worse than controls at detecting a tone in a backward masking (BM) condition (tone followed by white noise) compared to a forward masking (FM) condition (tone preceded by white noise). Tallal's (1980) auditory processing hypothesis posits that abnormal RAP leads to reduced (or impaired) phonological awareness (PA), resulting in reading and language difficulties. Alternative theories suggest that impaired PA may have more of a top-down effect on auditory processing. Methods: The current study examines RAP in children tested at two time points, average age 5.6 and average age 8.3, in order to test causal relations between RAP and PA in a path analysis. Additional hierarchical regressions examine how well RAP predicts reading ability when accounting for PA and vocabulary. Results: The path analysis indicates a top-down effect, such that PA has a larger impact on BM over time than the reverse. Regressions indicate no direct impact of RAP on reading ability. Discussion: The path analysis provides evidence against the auditory processing hypothesis and instead suggests that between the ages of 5 and 8 it is variability in early phonological representations that predicts subsequent lower-level rapid auditory processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02064.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] Directional effects between rapid auditory processing and phonological awareness in children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erin PHINNEY JOHNSON, Auteur ; Bruce F. PENNINGTON, Auteur ; Richard BOADA, Auteur ; Nancy RAITANO LEE, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.902-910. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.902-910 Mots-clés : Rapid-auditory-processing phoneme-awareness reading-ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Deficient rapid auditory processing (RAP) has been associated with early language impairment and dyslexia. Using an auditory masking paradigm, children with language disabilities perform selectively worse than controls at detecting a tone in a backward masking (BM) condition (tone followed by white noise) compared to a forward masking (FM) condition (tone preceded by white noise). Tallal's (1980) auditory processing hypothesis posits that abnormal RAP leads to reduced (or impaired) phonological awareness (PA), resulting in reading and language difficulties. Alternative theories suggest that impaired PA may have more of a top-down effect on auditory processing. Methods: The current study examines RAP in children tested at two time points, average age 5.6 and average age 8.3, in order to test causal relations between RAP and PA in a path analysis. Additional hierarchical regressions examine how well RAP predicts reading ability when accounting for PA and vocabulary. Results: The path analysis indicates a top-down effect, such that PA has a larger impact on BM over time than the reverse. Regressions indicate no direct impact of RAP on reading ability. Discussion: The path analysis provides evidence against the auditory processing hypothesis and instead suggests that between the ages of 5 and 8 it is variability in early phonological representations that predicts subsequent lower-level rapid auditory processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02064.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

Environmental influences on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary: measuring the home literacy environment in a genetically sensitive design / Sara A. HART in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.911-919 Titre : Environmental influences on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary: measuring the home literacy environment in a genetically sensitive design Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Lee A. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Laura S. DE THORNE, Auteur ; Laurie E. CUTTING, Auteur ; Christopher SCHATSCHNEIDER, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.911-919 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Expressive-vocabulary home-literacy-environment twins genetics environments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite the well-replicated relationship between the home literacy environment and expressive vocabulary, few studies have examined the extent to which the home literacy environment is associated with the development of early vocabulary ability in the context of genetic influences. This study examined the influence of the home literacy environment on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary within a genetically sensitive design. Methods: Participants were drawn from the Western Reserve Reading Project, a longitudinal twin project of 314 twin pairs based in Ohio. Twins were assessed via three annual home visits during early elementary school; expressive vocabulary was measured via the Boston Naming Test (BNT), and the Home Literacy Environment (HLE) was assessed using mothers' report. Results: The heritability of the BNT was moderate and significant at each measurement occasion, h2 = .29–.49, as were the estimates of the shared environment, c2 = .27–.39. HLE accounted for between 6–10% of the total variance in each year of vocabulary assessment. Furthermore, 7–9% of the total variance of the stability over time in BNT was accounted for by covariance in the home literacy environment. Conclusions: These results indicate that aspects of the home literacy environment, as reported by mothers, account for some of the shared environmental variance associated with expressive vocabulary in school aged children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02074.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] Environmental influences on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary: measuring the home literacy environment in a genetically sensitive design [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sara A. HART, Auteur ; Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur ; Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur ; Lee A. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Laura S. DE THORNE, Auteur ; Laurie E. CUTTING, Auteur ; Christopher SCHATSCHNEIDER, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.911-919. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.911-919 Mots-clés : Expressive-vocabulary home-literacy-environment twins genetics environments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite the well-replicated relationship between the home literacy environment and expressive vocabulary, few studies have examined the extent to which the home literacy environment is associated with the development of early vocabulary ability in the context of genetic influences. This study examined the influence of the home literacy environment on the longitudinal covariance of expressive vocabulary within a genetically sensitive design. Methods: Participants were drawn from the Western Reserve Reading Project, a longitudinal twin project of 314 twin pairs based in Ohio. Twins were assessed via three annual home visits during early elementary school; expressive vocabulary was measured via the Boston Naming Test (BNT), and the Home Literacy Environment (HLE) was assessed using mothers' report. Results: The heritability of the BNT was moderate and significant at each measurement occasion, h2 = .29–.49, as were the estimates of the shared environment, c2 = .27–.39. HLE accounted for between 6–10% of the total variance in each year of vocabulary assessment. Furthermore, 7–9% of the total variance of the stability over time in BNT was accounted for by covariance in the home literacy environment. Conclusions: These results indicate that aspects of the home literacy environment, as reported by mothers, account for some of the shared environmental variance associated with expressive vocabulary in school aged children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02074.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

The quality of preterm infants'spontaneous movements: an early indicator of intelligence and behaviour at school age / Phillipa R. BUTCHER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.920-930 Titre : The quality of preterm infants'spontaneous movements: an early indicator of intelligence and behaviour at school age Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Phillipa R. BUTCHER, Auteur ; Christa EINSPIELER, Auteur ; Koen VAN BRAECKEL, Auteur ; Anke BOUMA, Auteur ; Elisabeth F. STREMMELAAR, Auteur ; Arend F. BOS, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.920-930 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : General-movements intelligence behaviour development preterm Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The quality of very preterm infants' spontaneous movements at 11 to 16 weeks post-term age is a powerful predictor of their later neurological status. This study investigated whether early spontaneous movements also have predictive value for the intellectual and behavioural problems that children born very preterm often experience. Methods: Spontaneous movement quality was assessed, using Prechtl's method, at 11 to 16 weeks post-term in 65 infants born at ≤ 33 weeks of gestation in a single centre. Intelligence and behaviour were assessed with standardised tests at 7 to 11 years of age. Neurological status was assessed with Touwen's test. Multiple regression was used to determine the predictive value of movement quality for intelligence and behavioural problems. The Sobel test was used to determine if neurological status mediated associations found between early movement quality and outcome. Results: Spontaneous movement quality at 11 to 16 weeks post-term was significantly, positively associated with later intelligence. The number of normal postural patterns displayed contributed most strongly to the association, which was not mediated by neurological status. Fidgety movements, strong predictors of later neurological dysfunction, were not associated with intelligence. Spontaneous movement quality was not associated with internalising or externalising problems but showed a trend to an association with attention problems. Conclusion: These findings suggest that, in children born preterm, early spontaneous movement quality has clear prognostic value for neurological and intellectual outcome, and to a lesser extent, for attentional outcome. However, cognitive outcome was associated with the presence of specific, age-appropriate postural patterns, while neurological outcome has been associated with the presence of global movement abnormalities. The presence of specific, age-appropriate postural patterns may reflect the integrity of areas of the brain involved in cognitive processing and the regulation of attention later in childhood. Alternately, it may facilitate cognitive and attentional development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02066.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] The quality of preterm infants'spontaneous movements: an early indicator of intelligence and behaviour at school age [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Phillipa R. BUTCHER, Auteur ; Christa EINSPIELER, Auteur ; Koen VAN BRAECKEL, Auteur ; Anke BOUMA, Auteur ; Elisabeth F. STREMMELAAR, Auteur ; Arend F. BOS, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.920-930. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.920-930 Mots-clés : General-movements intelligence behaviour development preterm Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The quality of very preterm infants' spontaneous movements at 11 to 16 weeks post-term age is a powerful predictor of their later neurological status. This study investigated whether early spontaneous movements also have predictive value for the intellectual and behavioural problems that children born very preterm often experience. Methods: Spontaneous movement quality was assessed, using Prechtl's method, at 11 to 16 weeks post-term in 65 infants born at ≤ 33 weeks of gestation in a single centre. Intelligence and behaviour were assessed with standardised tests at 7 to 11 years of age. Neurological status was assessed with Touwen's test. Multiple regression was used to determine the predictive value of movement quality for intelligence and behavioural problems. The Sobel test was used to determine if neurological status mediated associations found between early movement quality and outcome. Results: Spontaneous movement quality at 11 to 16 weeks post-term was significantly, positively associated with later intelligence. The number of normal postural patterns displayed contributed most strongly to the association, which was not mediated by neurological status. Fidgety movements, strong predictors of later neurological dysfunction, were not associated with intelligence. Spontaneous movement quality was not associated with internalising or externalising problems but showed a trend to an association with attention problems. Conclusion: These findings suggest that, in children born preterm, early spontaneous movement quality has clear prognostic value for neurological and intellectual outcome, and to a lesser extent, for attentional outcome. However, cognitive outcome was associated with the presence of specific, age-appropriate postural patterns, while neurological outcome has been associated with the presence of global movement abnormalities. The presence of specific, age-appropriate postural patterns may reflect the integrity of areas of the brain involved in cognitive processing and the regulation of attention later in childhood. Alternately, it may facilitate cognitive and attentional development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02066.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

An exploratory study of the association between reactive attachment disorder and attachment narratives in early school-age children / Helen MINNIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.931-942 Titre : An exploratory study of the association between reactive attachment disorder and attachment narratives in early school-age children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Helen MINNIS, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Danya GLASER, Auteur ; Jennifer L. BARNES, Auteur ; F. A. SADIQ, Auteur ; A. BURSTON, Auteur ; A. ARTHUR, Auteur ; A. PELOSI, Auteur ; D. YOUNG, Auteur ; M. FOLLAN, Auteur ; Ashley LIEW, Auteur ; E. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Brenda CONNOLLY, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.931-942 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attachment neglect reactive-attachment-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective: To explore attachment narratives in children diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder (RAD). Method: We compared attachment narratives, as measured by the Manchester Child Attachment Story Task, in a group of 33 children with a diagnosis of RAD and 37 comparison children. Results: The relative risk (RR) for children with RAD having an insecure attachment pattern was 2.4 (1.4–4.2) but 30% were rated as securely attached. Within the RAD group, children with a clear history of maltreatment were more likely to be Insecure-Disorganised than children without a clear history of maltreatment. Conclusions: Reactive attachment disorder is not the same as attachment insecurity, and questions remain about how attachment research informs clinical research on attachment disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02075.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] An exploratory study of the association between reactive attachment disorder and attachment narratives in early school-age children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Helen MINNIS, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Danya GLASER, Auteur ; Jennifer L. BARNES, Auteur ; F. A. SADIQ, Auteur ; A. BURSTON, Auteur ; A. ARTHUR, Auteur ; A. PELOSI, Auteur ; D. YOUNG, Auteur ; M. FOLLAN, Auteur ; Ashley LIEW, Auteur ; E. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Thomas G. O'CONNOR, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Brenda CONNOLLY, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.931-942. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.931-942 Mots-clés : Attachment neglect reactive-attachment-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective: To explore attachment narratives in children diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder (RAD). Method: We compared attachment narratives, as measured by the Manchester Child Attachment Story Task, in a group of 33 children with a diagnosis of RAD and 37 comparison children. Results: The relative risk (RR) for children with RAD having an insecure attachment pattern was 2.4 (1.4–4.2) but 30% were rated as securely attached. Within the RAD group, children with a clear history of maltreatment were more likely to be Insecure-Disorganised than children without a clear history of maltreatment. Conclusions: Reactive attachment disorder is not the same as attachment insecurity, and questions remain about how attachment research informs clinical research on attachment disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02075.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

Amygdala, hippocampal and corpus callosum size following severe early institutional deprivation: The English and Romanian Adoptees Study Pilot / Mitul A. MEHTA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.943-951 Titre : Amygdala, hippocampal and corpus callosum size following severe early institutional deprivation: The English and Romanian Adoptees Study Pilot Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mitul A. MEHTA, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Steve C.R. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nicole I. GOLEMBO, Auteur ; Chiara NOSARTI, Auteur ; Ashley MOTA, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.943-951 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Corpus-callosum hippocampus amygdala deprivation neurodevelopment institution-rearing adolescence brain-imaging brain-development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The adoption into the UK of children who have been reared in severely deprived conditions provides an opportunity to study possible association between very early negative experiences and subsequent brain development. This cross-sectional study was a pilot for a planned larger study quantifying the effects of early deprivation on later brain structure. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the sizes of three key brain regions hypothesized to be sensitive to early adverse experiences. Our sample was a group of adoptee adolescents (N = 14) who had experienced severe early institutional deprivation in Romania and a group of non-institutionalised controls (N = 11). The total grey and white matter volumes were significantly smaller in the institutionalised group compared with a group of non-deprived, non-adopted UK controls. After correcting for difference in brain volume, the institutionalised group had greater amygdala volumes, especially on the right, but no differences were observed in hippocampal volume or corpus callosum mid-sagittal area. The left amygdala volume was also related to the time spent in institutions, with those experiencing longer periods of deprivation having a smaller left amygdala volume. These pilot findings highlight the need for future studies to confirm the sensitivity of the amygdala to early deprivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02084.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] Amygdala, hippocampal and corpus callosum size following severe early institutional deprivation: The English and Romanian Adoptees Study Pilot [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mitul A. MEHTA, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Steve C.R. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nicole I. GOLEMBO, Auteur ; Chiara NOSARTI, Auteur ; Ashley MOTA, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.943-951. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.943-951 Mots-clés : Corpus-callosum hippocampus amygdala deprivation neurodevelopment institution-rearing adolescence brain-imaging brain-development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The adoption into the UK of children who have been reared in severely deprived conditions provides an opportunity to study possible association between very early negative experiences and subsequent brain development. This cross-sectional study was a pilot for a planned larger study quantifying the effects of early deprivation on later brain structure. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the sizes of three key brain regions hypothesized to be sensitive to early adverse experiences. Our sample was a group of adoptee adolescents (N = 14) who had experienced severe early institutional deprivation in Romania and a group of non-institutionalised controls (N = 11). The total grey and white matter volumes were significantly smaller in the institutionalised group compared with a group of non-deprived, non-adopted UK controls. After correcting for difference in brain volume, the institutionalised group had greater amygdala volumes, especially on the right, but no differences were observed in hippocampal volume or corpus callosum mid-sagittal area. The left amygdala volume was also related to the time spent in institutions, with those experiencing longer periods of deprivation having a smaller left amygdala volume. These pilot findings highlight the need for future studies to confirm the sensitivity of the amygdala to early deprivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02084.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

Genetic and environmental influence on attachment disorganization / Gottfried SPANGLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.952-961 Titre : Genetic and environmental influence on attachment disorganization Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gottfried SPANGLER, Auteur ; Monika JOHANN, Auteur ; Zsolt RONAI, Auteur ; Peter ZIMMERMANN, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.952-961 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attachment gene–environment-interaction DRD4 serotonin-transporter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Empirical studies demonstrate that maternal sensitivity is associated with attachment security in infancy, while maternal frightening/frightened behavior is related to attachment disorganization. However, attachment disorganization is also predicted by individual dispositions in infancy. Indeed, recent studies indicate a link between attachment disorganization and DRD4 gene polymorphisms, thus suggesting a genetic vulnerability for attachment disorganization. The aims of our study were twofold, to test a) a possible direct link between molecular genetic variations and attachment disorganization, and b) a possible gene–environment interaction with a moderating effect of early maternal caregiving. Methods: Attachment security and disorganization, as well as quality of maternal behavior were assessed in the infants of the Regensburg Longitudinal Study IV (N = 106) at the age of 12 months. DNA samples were collected in order to assess the exon III repeat polymorphism in the coding region and the −521 C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the regulatory region of the DRD4 gene and a repeat polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene. Results: Significant associations were found between attachment disorganization and the short polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene. Also, a gene–environment interaction indicated that this genetic association was only valid for infants of mothers exhibiting low responsiveness. No other significant genetic associations with attachment disorganization were apparent. Conclusions: The study suggests a gene–environment interaction whereby biological determinants of attachment disorganization are moderated by social experiences. Different pathways of the development of attachment disorganization are discussed based on a bio-behavioral model of development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02054.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] Genetic and environmental influence on attachment disorganization [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gottfried SPANGLER, Auteur ; Monika JOHANN, Auteur ; Zsolt RONAI, Auteur ; Peter ZIMMERMANN, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.952-961. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.952-961 Mots-clés : Attachment gene–environment-interaction DRD4 serotonin-transporter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Empirical studies demonstrate that maternal sensitivity is associated with attachment security in infancy, while maternal frightening/frightened behavior is related to attachment disorganization. However, attachment disorganization is also predicted by individual dispositions in infancy. Indeed, recent studies indicate a link between attachment disorganization and DRD4 gene polymorphisms, thus suggesting a genetic vulnerability for attachment disorganization. The aims of our study were twofold, to test a) a possible direct link between molecular genetic variations and attachment disorganization, and b) a possible gene–environment interaction with a moderating effect of early maternal caregiving. Methods: Attachment security and disorganization, as well as quality of maternal behavior were assessed in the infants of the Regensburg Longitudinal Study IV (N = 106) at the age of 12 months. DNA samples were collected in order to assess the exon III repeat polymorphism in the coding region and the −521 C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the regulatory region of the DRD4 gene and a repeat polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene. Results: Significant associations were found between attachment disorganization and the short polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene. Also, a gene–environment interaction indicated that this genetic association was only valid for infants of mothers exhibiting low responsiveness. No other significant genetic associations with attachment disorganization were apparent. Conclusions: The study suggests a gene–environment interaction whereby biological determinants of attachment disorganization are moderated by social experiences. Different pathways of the development of attachment disorganization are discussed based on a bio-behavioral model of development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02054.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

A school-based, teacher-mediated prevention program (ERASE-Stress) for reducing terror-related traumatic reactions in Israeli youth: a quasi-randomized controlled trial / Marc GELKOPF in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.962-971 Titre : A school-based, teacher-mediated prevention program (ERASE-Stress) for reducing terror-related traumatic reactions in Israeli youth: a quasi-randomized controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marc GELKOPF, Auteur ; Rony BERGER, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.962-971 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : School-based-interventions children trauma terrorism PTSD depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Since September 2000 Israeli children have been exposed to a large number of terrorist attacks. A universal, school-based intervention for dealing with the threat of terrorism as well as with terror-related symptoms, ERASE-Stress (ES), was evaluated in a male religious middle school in southern Israel. The program was administered by the homeroom teachers as part of the school curriculum. It consists of 12 classroom sessions each lasting 90 minutes, and included psycho-educational material, skill training and resiliency strategies delivered to the students by homeroom teachers. Methods: One hundred and fourteen 7th and 8th grade students were randomly assigned to the ES intervention or were part of a waiting list (WL). They were assessed on measures of posttraumatic symptomatology, depression, somatic symptoms and functional problems before and 3 months after the intervention or the WL period. Results: Three months after the program ended, students in the experimental group showed significant reduction in all measures compared to the waiting-list control group. Conclusions: The ERASE-Stress program may help students suffering from terror-related posttraumatic symptoms and mitigate the negative effects of future traumatic experiences. Furthermore, a school-based universal program such as the ERASE-Stress may potentially serve as an important and effective component of a community mental health policy for communities affected by terrorism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02021.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] A school-based, teacher-mediated prevention program (ERASE-Stress) for reducing terror-related traumatic reactions in Israeli youth: a quasi-randomized controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marc GELKOPF, Auteur ; Rony BERGER, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.962-971. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.962-971 Mots-clés : School-based-interventions children trauma terrorism PTSD depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Since September 2000 Israeli children have been exposed to a large number of terrorist attacks. A universal, school-based intervention for dealing with the threat of terrorism as well as with terror-related symptoms, ERASE-Stress (ES), was evaluated in a male religious middle school in southern Israel. The program was administered by the homeroom teachers as part of the school curriculum. It consists of 12 classroom sessions each lasting 90 minutes, and included psycho-educational material, skill training and resiliency strategies delivered to the students by homeroom teachers. Methods: One hundred and fourteen 7th and 8th grade students were randomly assigned to the ES intervention or were part of a waiting list (WL). They were assessed on measures of posttraumatic symptomatology, depression, somatic symptoms and functional problems before and 3 months after the intervention or the WL period. Results: Three months after the program ended, students in the experimental group showed significant reduction in all measures compared to the waiting-list control group. Conclusions: The ERASE-Stress program may help students suffering from terror-related posttraumatic symptoms and mitigate the negative effects of future traumatic experiences. Furthermore, a school-based universal program such as the ERASE-Stress may potentially serve as an important and effective component of a community mental health policy for communities affected by terrorism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02021.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

Extraction and Refinement Strategy for detection of autism in 18-month-olds: a guarantee of higher sensitivity and specificity in the process of mass screening / Hideo HONDA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.972-981 Titre : Extraction and Refinement Strategy for detection of autism in 18-month-olds: a guarantee of higher sensitivity and specificity in the process of mass screening Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hideo HONDA, Auteur ; Yasuo SHIMIZU, Auteur ; Yukari NITTO, Auteur ; Miho IMAI, Auteur ; Takeshi OZAWA, Auteur ; Mitsuaki IWASA, Auteur ; Keiko SHIGA, Auteur ; Tomoko HIRA, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.972-981 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism early-detection screening sensitivity specificity pervasive-developmental-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: For early detection of autism, it is difficult to maintain an efficient level of sensitivity and specificity based on observational data from a single screening. The Extraction and Refinement (E&R) Strategy utilizes a public children's health surveillance program to produce maximum efficacy in early detection of autism. In the extraction stage, all cases at risk of childhood problems, including developmental abnormality, are identified; in the refinement stage, cases without problems are excluded, leaving only cases with conclusive diagnoses. Methods: The city of Yokohama, Japan, conducts a routine child health surveillance program for children at 18 months in which specialized public health nurses administer YACHT-18 (Young Autism and other developmental disorders CHeckup Tool), a screening instrument to identify children at risk for developmental disorders. Children who screen positive undergo further observation, and those without disorders are subsequently excluded. To study the efficacy of early detection procedures for developmental disorders, including autism, 2,814 children born in 1988, examined at 18 months of age, and not already receiving treatment for diseases or disorders were selected. Results: In the extraction stage, 402 (14.3%) children were identified for follow-up. In the refinement stage, 19 (.7%) of these were referred to the Yokohama Rehabilitation Center and diagnosed with developmental disorders. The extraction stage produced four false negatives, bringing total diagnoses of developmental disorders to 23 (.8%) – including 5 with autistic disorder and 9 with pervasive developmental disorder – not otherwise specified (PDDNOS). Sensitivity was 60% for autistic disorder and 82.6% for developmental disorders. Specificity for developmental disorders rose to 100% with the E&R Strategy. Picture cards used in YACHT-18 provided a finer screen that excluded some false positive cases. Conclusions: An extraction and refinement methodology utilizing child health surveillance programs achieve high efficacy for early detection of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02055.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787 [article] Extraction and Refinement Strategy for detection of autism in 18-month-olds: a guarantee of higher sensitivity and specificity in the process of mass screening [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hideo HONDA, Auteur ; Yasuo SHIMIZU, Auteur ; Yukari NITTO, Auteur ; Miho IMAI, Auteur ; Takeshi OZAWA, Auteur ; Mitsuaki IWASA, Auteur ; Keiko SHIGA, Auteur ; Tomoko HIRA, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.972-981. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.972-981 Mots-clés : Autism early-detection screening sensitivity specificity pervasive-developmental-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: For early detection of autism, it is difficult to maintain an efficient level of sensitivity and specificity based on observational data from a single screening. The Extraction and Refinement (E&R) Strategy utilizes a public children's health surveillance program to produce maximum efficacy in early detection of autism. In the extraction stage, all cases at risk of childhood problems, including developmental abnormality, are identified; in the refinement stage, cases without problems are excluded, leaving only cases with conclusive diagnoses. Methods: The city of Yokohama, Japan, conducts a routine child health surveillance program for children at 18 months in which specialized public health nurses administer YACHT-18 (Young Autism and other developmental disorders CHeckup Tool), a screening instrument to identify children at risk for developmental disorders. Children who screen positive undergo further observation, and those without disorders are subsequently excluded. To study the efficacy of early detection procedures for developmental disorders, including autism, 2,814 children born in 1988, examined at 18 months of age, and not already receiving treatment for diseases or disorders were selected. Results: In the extraction stage, 402 (14.3%) children were identified for follow-up. In the refinement stage, 19 (.7%) of these were referred to the Yokohama Rehabilitation Center and diagnosed with developmental disorders. The extraction stage produced four false negatives, bringing total diagnoses of developmental disorders to 23 (.8%) – including 5 with autistic disorder and 9 with pervasive developmental disorder – not otherwise specified (PDDNOS). Sensitivity was 60% for autistic disorder and 82.6% for developmental disorders. Specificity for developmental disorders rose to 100% with the E&R Strategy. Picture cards used in YACHT-18 provided a finer screen that excluded some false positive cases. Conclusions: An extraction and refinement methodology utilizing child health surveillance programs achieve high efficacy for early detection of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02055.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=787

Familial associations of intense preoccupations, an empirical factor of the restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests domain of autism / Christopher J. SMITH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.982-990 Titre : Familial associations of intense preoccupations, an empirical factor of the restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests domain of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; Eric HOLLANDER, Auteur ; Colleen M. LANG, Auteur ; Lauren KRYZAK, Auteur ; Abraham REICHENBERG, Auteur ; Jeremy M. SILVERMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.982-990 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Developmental-delay family-factors fathers genetics autistic-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Clinical heterogeneity of autism likely hinders efforts to find genes associated with this complex psychiatric disorder. Some studies have produced promising results by restricting the sample according to the expression of specific familial factors or components of autism. Previous factor analyses of the restricted, repetitive behaviors and interest (RRBI) domain of autism have consistently identified a two-factor model that explains a moderate amount of variance. The identification of additional factors may explain more variance in the RRBI domain and provide an additional component of autism that may help in the identification of underlying genetic association. Methods: We conducted factor analyses of RRBI symptoms with a sample that included verbal subjects meeting full criteria for autism aged 5 to 22 years (n = 245). Among affected sibling pairs (n = 126) we examined the familial aggregation of the identified factors. We also examined the associations of the factors with autism-related personality traits in fathers and mothers (n = 50). Results: The previously identified two-factor model – insistence on sameness (IS) and repetitive stereotypic motor behaviors (RSMB) – was replicated in our sample. Next, a second factor analysis that included the item for verbal rituals resulted in a four-factor model – IS, 'simple' RSMB, 'complex' RSMB, and a fourth factor including symptoms associated with intense preoccupations (IP). Of these four, both IS and IP were significantly familial among affected siblings, but only IP was significantly correlated with the broader autism phenotype traits of rigidity and aloofness in fathers. Conclusions: The results support previous evidence for the IS factor, its familiality, and the identification of IP as an additional strong candidate trait for genetic studies of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02060.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788 [article] Familial associations of intense preoccupations, an empirical factor of the restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests domain of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; Eric HOLLANDER, Auteur ; Colleen M. LANG, Auteur ; Lauren KRYZAK, Auteur ; Abraham REICHENBERG, Auteur ; Jeremy M. SILVERMAN, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.982-990. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.982-990 Mots-clés : Developmental-delay family-factors fathers genetics autistic-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Clinical heterogeneity of autism likely hinders efforts to find genes associated with this complex psychiatric disorder. Some studies have produced promising results by restricting the sample according to the expression of specific familial factors or components of autism. Previous factor analyses of the restricted, repetitive behaviors and interest (RRBI) domain of autism have consistently identified a two-factor model that explains a moderate amount of variance. The identification of additional factors may explain more variance in the RRBI domain and provide an additional component of autism that may help in the identification of underlying genetic association. Methods: We conducted factor analyses of RRBI symptoms with a sample that included verbal subjects meeting full criteria for autism aged 5 to 22 years (n = 245). Among affected sibling pairs (n = 126) we examined the familial aggregation of the identified factors. We also examined the associations of the factors with autism-related personality traits in fathers and mothers (n = 50). Results: The previously identified two-factor model – insistence on sameness (IS) and repetitive stereotypic motor behaviors (RSMB) – was replicated in our sample. Next, a second factor analysis that included the item for verbal rituals resulted in a four-factor model – IS, 'simple' RSMB, 'complex' RSMB, and a fourth factor including symptoms associated with intense preoccupations (IP). Of these four, both IS and IP were significantly familial among affected siblings, but only IP was significantly correlated with the broader autism phenotype traits of rigidity and aloofness in fathers. Conclusions: The results support previous evidence for the IS factor, its familiality, and the identification of IP as an additional strong candidate trait for genetic studies of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02060.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788

Iatrogenic effect of juvenile justice / Uberto GATTI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.991-998 Titre : Iatrogenic effect of juvenile justice Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Uberto GATTI, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.991-998 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Juvenile-justice labeling peer-contagion juvenile-delinquency adult-crime Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The present study uses data from a community sample of 779 low-SES boys to investigate whether intervention by the juvenile justice system is determined, at least in part, by particular individual, familial and social conditions, and whether intervention by the juvenile courts during adolescence increases involvement in adult crime. Method: The study considers self-reported crime in childhood and adolescence, and introduces individual, familial and social variables into its analysis. Results: The results show that youths who are poor, impulsive, poorly supervised by their parents, and exposed to deviant friends are more likely, for the same degree of antisocial behavior, to undergo intervention by the Juvenile Court, and that this intervention greatly increases the likelihood of involvement with the penal system in adulthood. The results also show that the various measures recommended by the Juvenile Court exert a differential criminogenic effect; those that involve placement have the most negative impact. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02057.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788 [article] Iatrogenic effect of juvenile justice [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Uberto GATTI, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.991-998. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.991-998 Mots-clés : Juvenile-justice labeling peer-contagion juvenile-delinquency adult-crime Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The present study uses data from a community sample of 779 low-SES boys to investigate whether intervention by the juvenile justice system is determined, at least in part, by particular individual, familial and social conditions, and whether intervention by the juvenile courts during adolescence increases involvement in adult crime. Method: The study considers self-reported crime in childhood and adolescence, and introduces individual, familial and social variables into its analysis. Results: The results show that youths who are poor, impulsive, poorly supervised by their parents, and exposed to deviant friends are more likely, for the same degree of antisocial behavior, to undergo intervention by the Juvenile Court, and that this intervention greatly increases the likelihood of involvement with the penal system in adulthood. The results also show that the various measures recommended by the Juvenile Court exert a differential criminogenic effect; those that involve placement have the most negative impact. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02057.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788

Population density and youth antisocial behavior / K. Paige HARDEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.999-1008 Titre : Population density and youth antisocial behavior Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. Paige HARDEN, Auteur ; Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur ; Carol A. VAN HULLE, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Joseph Lee RODGERS, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.999-1008 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavior-problems delinquency demography environmental-influences epidemiology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theoretical models concerning how neighborhood contexts adversely influence juvenile antisocial behavior frequently focus on urban neighborhoods; however, previous studies comparing urban and rural areas on the prevalence of youth antisocial behavior have yielded mixed results. The current study uses longitudinal data on the offspring of a nationally representative sample of mothers (N = 4,886) in the US. There was no relation between density and mother-reported child conduct problems across ages 4–13 years, but youth living in areas of greater population density exhibited more youth self-reported delinquency across 10–17 years. Families often moved to counties with greater or lesser population density, but longitudinal analyses treating population density as a time-varying covariate did not support the hypothesis that living in densely populated counties influenced youth delinquency. Rather, the association between population density and delinquency appears to be due to unmeasured selection variables that differ between families who live in more or less densely populated counties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02044.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788 [article] Population density and youth antisocial behavior [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. Paige HARDEN, Auteur ; Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur ; Carol A. VAN HULLE, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Joseph Lee RODGERS, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.999-1008. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.999-1008 Mots-clés : Behavior-problems delinquency demography environmental-influences epidemiology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theoretical models concerning how neighborhood contexts adversely influence juvenile antisocial behavior frequently focus on urban neighborhoods; however, previous studies comparing urban and rural areas on the prevalence of youth antisocial behavior have yielded mixed results. The current study uses longitudinal data on the offspring of a nationally representative sample of mothers (N = 4,886) in the US. There was no relation between density and mother-reported child conduct problems across ages 4–13 years, but youth living in areas of greater population density exhibited more youth self-reported delinquency across 10–17 years. Families often moved to counties with greater or lesser population density, but longitudinal analyses treating population density as a time-varying covariate did not support the hypothesis that living in densely populated counties influenced youth delinquency. Rather, the association between population density and delinquency appears to be due to unmeasured selection variables that differ between families who live in more or less densely populated counties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02044.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788

Gene–environment interplay between peer rejection and depressive behavior in children / Mara BRENDGEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.1009-1017 Titre : Gene–environment interplay between peer rejection and depressive behavior in children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mara BRENDGEN, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Alain GIRARD, Auteur ; Michel BOIVIN, Auteur ; Ginette DIONNE, Auteur ; Daniel PERUSSE, Auteur ; William M. BUKOWSKI, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1009-1017 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gene–environment interaction • gene–environment correlation • depressive-behavior peer-rejection childhood twins behavioral-genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Genetic risk for depressive behavior may increase the likelihood of exposure to environmental stressors (gene–environment correlation, rGE). By the same token, exposure to environmental stressors may moderate the effect of genes on depressive behavior (gene–environment interaction, G×E). Relating these processes to a peer-related stressor in childhood, the present study examined (1) whether genetic risk for depressive behavior in children is related to higher levels of rejection by the peer group (rGE) and (2) whether peer rejection moderates the effect of genetic factors on children's depressive behavior (G×E). Methods: The sample comprised 336 twin pairs (MZ pairs = 196, same-sex DZ pairs = 140) assessed in kindergarten (mean age 72.7 months). Peer acceptance/rejection was measured via peer nominations. Depressive behavior was measured through teacher ratings. Results: Consistent with rGE, a moderate overlap of genetic effects was found between peer acceptance/rejection and depressive behavior. In line with G×E, genetic effects on depressive behavior varied across levels of peer acceptance/rejection. Conclusions: An increased genetic disposition for depressive behavior is related to a higher risk of peer rejection (rGE). However, genes play a lesser role in explaining individual differences in depressive behavior in rejected children than in accepted children (G×E). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02052.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788 [article] Gene–environment interplay between peer rejection and depressive behavior in children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mara BRENDGEN, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Alain GIRARD, Auteur ; Michel BOIVIN, Auteur ; Ginette DIONNE, Auteur ; Daniel PERUSSE, Auteur ; William M. BUKOWSKI, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1009-1017. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.1009-1017 Mots-clés : Gene–environment interaction • gene–environment correlation • depressive-behavior peer-rejection childhood twins behavioral-genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Genetic risk for depressive behavior may increase the likelihood of exposure to environmental stressors (gene–environment correlation, rGE). By the same token, exposure to environmental stressors may moderate the effect of genes on depressive behavior (gene–environment interaction, G×E). Relating these processes to a peer-related stressor in childhood, the present study examined (1) whether genetic risk for depressive behavior in children is related to higher levels of rejection by the peer group (rGE) and (2) whether peer rejection moderates the effect of genetic factors on children's depressive behavior (G×E). Methods: The sample comprised 336 twin pairs (MZ pairs = 196, same-sex DZ pairs = 140) assessed in kindergarten (mean age 72.7 months). Peer acceptance/rejection was measured via peer nominations. Depressive behavior was measured through teacher ratings. Results: Consistent with rGE, a moderate overlap of genetic effects was found between peer acceptance/rejection and depressive behavior. In line with G×E, genetic effects on depressive behavior varied across levels of peer acceptance/rejection. Conclusions: An increased genetic disposition for depressive behavior is related to a higher risk of peer rejection (rGE). However, genes play a lesser role in explaining individual differences in depressive behavior in rejected children than in accepted children (G×E). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02052.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788

Maternal age at childbirth and offspring disruptive behaviors: testing the causal hypothesis / Brian M. D'ONOFRIO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.1018-1028 Titre : Maternal age at childbirth and offspring disruptive behaviors: testing the causal hypothesis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; Carol A. VAN HULLE, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Joseph Lee RODGERS, Auteur ; Paul J. RATHOUZ, Auteur ; Jackson A. GOODNIGHT, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1018-1028 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Disruptive-behaviors conduct-problems maternal-age-at-childbearing sibling-comparisons quasi-experiments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Recent studies suggest that the association between maternal age at childbearing (MAC) and children's disruptive behaviors is the result of family factors that are confounded with both variables, rather than a casual effect of environmental factors specifically related to MAC. These studies, however, relied on restricted samples and did not use the strongest approach to test causal influences. Methods: Using data on 9,171 4–9-year-old and 6,592 10–13-year-old offspring of women from a nationally representative sample of US households, we conducted sibling-comparison analyses. The analyses ruled out all genetic factors that could confound the association, as well as all environmental confounds that differ between unrelated nuclear families, providing a strong test of the causal hypothesis that the environments of children born at different maternal ages influence mother- and self-reported disruptive behaviors. Results: When these genetic and environmental confounds were ruled out as alternative explanations, the relation between environments within nuclear families specifically associated with MAC and disruptive behaviors was robust, with the association being stronger for second- and third-born children. Conclusions: Environmental factors specifically associated with early MAC within nuclear families account for increased risk of offspring disruptive behaviors, especially in later-born children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02068.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788 [article] Maternal age at childbirth and offspring disruptive behaviors: testing the causal hypothesis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; Carol A. VAN HULLE, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Joseph Lee RODGERS, Auteur ; Paul J. RATHOUZ, Auteur ; Jackson A. GOODNIGHT, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1018-1028. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.1018-1028 Mots-clés : Disruptive-behaviors conduct-problems maternal-age-at-childbearing sibling-comparisons quasi-experiments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Recent studies suggest that the association between maternal age at childbearing (MAC) and children's disruptive behaviors is the result of family factors that are confounded with both variables, rather than a casual effect of environmental factors specifically related to MAC. These studies, however, relied on restricted samples and did not use the strongest approach to test causal influences. Methods: Using data on 9,171 4–9-year-old and 6,592 10–13-year-old offspring of women from a nationally representative sample of US households, we conducted sibling-comparison analyses. The analyses ruled out all genetic factors that could confound the association, as well as all environmental confounds that differ between unrelated nuclear families, providing a strong test of the causal hypothesis that the environments of children born at different maternal ages influence mother- and self-reported disruptive behaviors. Results: When these genetic and environmental confounds were ruled out as alternative explanations, the relation between environments within nuclear families specifically associated with MAC and disruptive behaviors was robust, with the association being stronger for second- and third-born children. Conclusions: Environmental factors specifically associated with early MAC within nuclear families account for increased risk of offspring disruptive behaviors, especially in later-born children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02068.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788

Autobiographical memory functioning among abused, neglected, and nonmaltreated children: the overgeneral memory effect / Kristin VALENTINO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.1029-1038 Titre : Autobiographical memory functioning among abused, neglected, and nonmaltreated children: the overgeneral memory effect Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kristin VALENTINO, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur ; Sheree L. TOTH, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1029-1038 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child-abuse maltreatment autobiographical-memory overgeneral-memory self-representations depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This investigation addresses whether there are differences in the form and content of autobiographical memory recall as a function of maltreatment, and examines the roles of self-system functioning and psychopathology in autobiographical memory processes. Methods: Autobiographical memory for positive and negative nontraumatic events was evaluated among abused, neglected, and nonmaltreated school-aged children. Results: Abused children's memories were more overgeneral and contained more negative self-representations than did those of the nonmaltreated children. Negative self-representations and depression were significantly related to overgeneral memory, but did not mediate the relation between abuse and overgeneral memory. Conclusions: The meaning of these findings for models of memory and for the development of overgenerality is emphasized. Moreover, the clinical implications of the current research are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02072.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788 [article] Autobiographical memory functioning among abused, neglected, and nonmaltreated children: the overgeneral memory effect [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kristin VALENTINO, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur ; Sheree L. TOTH, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1029-1038. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.1029-1038 Mots-clés : Child-abuse maltreatment autobiographical-memory overgeneral-memory self-representations depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: This investigation addresses whether there are differences in the form and content of autobiographical memory recall as a function of maltreatment, and examines the roles of self-system functioning and psychopathology in autobiographical memory processes. Methods: Autobiographical memory for positive and negative nontraumatic events was evaluated among abused, neglected, and nonmaltreated school-aged children. Results: Abused children's memories were more overgeneral and contained more negative self-representations than did those of the nonmaltreated children. Negative self-representations and depression were significantly related to overgeneral memory, but did not mediate the relation between abuse and overgeneral memory. Conclusions: The meaning of these findings for models of memory and for the development of overgenerality is emphasized. Moreover, the clinical implications of the current research are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02072.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788