Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain activity during a mental flexibility task suggests some shared neurobiology in children with neurodevelopmental disorders / Alexandra MOGADAM in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 11-1 (December 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 11-1 (December 2019) . - 19 p. Titre : Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain activity during a mental flexibility task suggests some shared neurobiology in children with neurodevelopmental disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandra MOGADAM, Auteur ; Alex E. KELLER, Auteur ; Paul D. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Russell SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Elizabeth W. PANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : 19 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd  Asd  Corticostriatal projections  Executive function  Meg  Neurodevelopmental disorders  Ocd  Rbs-r  Set shifting  Tocs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) exhibit a shared phenotype that involves executive dysfunctions including impairments in mental flexibility (MF). It is of interest to understand if this phenotype stems from some shared neurobiology. METHODS: To investigate this possibility, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) neuroimaging to compare brain activity in children (n = 88; 8-15 years) with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), as they completed a set-shifting/mental flexibility task. RESULTS: Neuroimaging results revealed a similar parietal activation profile across the NDD, groups suggesting a link to their shared phenotype. Differences in frontal activity differentiated the three clinical groups. Brain-behaviour analyses showed a link with repetitive behaviours suggesting shared dysfunction in the associative loop of the corticostriatal system. CONCLUSION: Our study supports the notion that NDDs may exist along a complex phenotypic/biological continuum. All NDD groups showed a sustained parietal activity profile suggesting that they share a strong reliance on the posterior parietal cortices to complete the mental flexibility task; future studies could elucidate whether this is due to delayed brain development or compensatory functioning. The differences in frontal activity may play a role in differentiating the NDDs. The OCD group showed sustained prefrontal activity that may be reflective of hyperfrontality. The ASD group showed reduced frontal activation suggestive of frontal dysfunction and the ADHD group showed an extensive hypoactivity that included frontal and parietal regions. Brain-behaviour analyses showed a significant correlation with repetitive behaviours which may reflect dysfunction in the associative loop of the corticostriatal system, linked to inflexible behaviours. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-019-9280-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409 [article] Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain activity during a mental flexibility task suggests some shared neurobiology in children with neurodevelopmental disorders [texte imprimé] / Alexandra MOGADAM, Auteur ; Alex E. KELLER, Auteur ; Paul D. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Russell SCHACHAR, Auteur ; Jason P. LERCH, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur ; Elizabeth W. PANG, Auteur . - 19 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 11-1 (December 2019) . - 19 p. Mots-clés : Adhd  Asd  Corticostriatal projections  Executive function  Meg  Neurodevelopmental disorders  Ocd  Rbs-r  Set shifting  Tocs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) exhibit a shared phenotype that involves executive dysfunctions including impairments in mental flexibility (MF). It is of interest to understand if this phenotype stems from some shared neurobiology. METHODS: To investigate this possibility, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) neuroimaging to compare brain activity in children (n = 88; 8-15 years) with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), as they completed a set-shifting/mental flexibility task. RESULTS: Neuroimaging results revealed a similar parietal activation profile across the NDD, groups suggesting a link to their shared phenotype. Differences in frontal activity differentiated the three clinical groups. Brain-behaviour analyses showed a link with repetitive behaviours suggesting shared dysfunction in the associative loop of the corticostriatal system. CONCLUSION: Our study supports the notion that NDDs may exist along a complex phenotypic/biological continuum. All NDD groups showed a sustained parietal activity profile suggesting that they share a strong reliance on the posterior parietal cortices to complete the mental flexibility task; future studies could elucidate whether this is due to delayed brain development or compensatory functioning. The differences in frontal activity may play a role in differentiating the NDDs. The OCD group showed sustained prefrontal activity that may be reflective of hyperfrontality. The ASD group showed reduced frontal activation suggestive of frontal dysfunction and the ADHD group showed an extensive hypoactivity that included frontal and parietal regions. Brain-behaviour analyses showed a significant correlation with repetitive behaviours which may reflect dysfunction in the associative loop of the corticostriatal system, linked to inflexible behaviours. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-019-9280-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409

More than maths and mindreading: Sex differences in empathizing/systemizing covariance / Jeffrey M. VALLA in Autism Research, 3-4 (August 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-4 (August 2010) . - p.174-184 Titre : More than maths and mindreading: Sex differences in empathizing/systemizing covariance Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jeffrey M. VALLA, Auteur ; Matthew K. BELMONTE, Auteur ; Jordan E. PERLMAN, Auteur ; Jeffrey W. MAENDEL, Auteur ; Alex E. KELLER, Auteur ; Anthony P. SIDARI, Auteur ; Laura T. LYMAN, Auteur ; Grace M. CHEN, Auteur ; Keith J. YODER, Auteur ; Barbara L. GANZEL, Auteur ; Stephanie K.L. WONG, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.174-184 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : empathizing systemizing extreme-male brain mindreading cognitive-style normal-cognitive-variation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Empathizing–Systemizing theory posits a continuum of cognitive traits extending from autism into normal cognitive variation. Covariance data on empathizing and systemizing traits have alternately suggested inversely dependent, independent, and sex-dependent (one sex dependent, the other independent) structures. A total of 144 normal undergraduates (65 men, 79 women) completed the Reading the Mind in the Eyes, Embedded Figures, and Benton face recognition tests, the Autism Spectrum Quotient, and measures of digit length ratio and field of study; some also completed tests of motion coherence threshold (64) and go/no-go motor inhibition (128). Empathizing and systemizing traits were independent in women, but largely dependent in men. In men, level of systemizing skill required by field of study was directly related to social interactive and mindreading deficits; men's social impairments correlated with prolonged go/no-go response times, and men tended to apply systemizing strategies to solve problems of empathizing or global processing: rapid perceptual disembedding predicted heightened sensitivity to facial emotion. In women, level of systemizing in field was related to male-typical digit ratios and autistic superiorities in detail orientation, but not to autistic social and communicative impairments; and perceptual disembedding was related to social interactive skills but independent of facial emotion and visual motion perception. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.143 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=109 [article] More than maths and mindreading: Sex differences in empathizing/systemizing covariance [texte imprimé] / Jeffrey M. VALLA, Auteur ; Matthew K. BELMONTE, Auteur ; Jordan E. PERLMAN, Auteur ; Jeffrey W. MAENDEL, Auteur ; Alex E. KELLER, Auteur ; Anthony P. SIDARI, Auteur ; Laura T. LYMAN, Auteur ; Grace M. CHEN, Auteur ; Keith J. YODER, Auteur ; Barbara L. GANZEL, Auteur ; Stephanie K.L. WONG, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.174-184. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 3-4 (August 2010) . - p.174-184 Mots-clés : empathizing systemizing extreme-male brain mindreading cognitive-style normal-cognitive-variation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Empathizing–Systemizing theory posits a continuum of cognitive traits extending from autism into normal cognitive variation. Covariance data on empathizing and systemizing traits have alternately suggested inversely dependent, independent, and sex-dependent (one sex dependent, the other independent) structures. A total of 144 normal undergraduates (65 men, 79 women) completed the Reading the Mind in the Eyes, Embedded Figures, and Benton face recognition tests, the Autism Spectrum Quotient, and measures of digit length ratio and field of study; some also completed tests of motion coherence threshold (64) and go/no-go motor inhibition (128). Empathizing and systemizing traits were independent in women, but largely dependent in men. In men, level of systemizing skill required by field of study was directly related to social interactive and mindreading deficits; men's social impairments correlated with prolonged go/no-go response times, and men tended to apply systemizing strategies to solve problems of empathizing or global processing: rapid perceptual disembedding predicted heightened sensitivity to facial emotion. In women, level of systemizing in field was related to male-typical digit ratios and autistic superiorities in detail orientation, but not to autistic social and communicative impairments; and perceptual disembedding was related to social interactive skills but independent of facial emotion and visual motion perception. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.143 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=109

---

1 (1 - 2 / 2) Par page : 25 50 100 200