Confirming the etiology of adolescent acting-out behaviors: an examination of observer-ratings in a sample of adoptive and biological siblings / S. Alexandra BURT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52-5 (May 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-5 (May 2011) . - p.519-526 Titre : Confirming the etiology of adolescent acting-out behaviors: an examination of observer-ratings in a sample of adoptive and biological siblings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. Alexandra BURT, Auteur ; Ashlea M. KLAHR, Auteur ; Martha A. RUETER, Auteur ; Matt MCGUE, Auteur ; William G. IACONO, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.519-526 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Shared environment  antisocial behavior  adoption design  observer-ratings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  A recent meta-analysis revealed moderate shared environmental influences (C) on most forms of child and adolescent psychopathology (Burt, 2009), including antisocial behavior. Critically, however, the research analyzed in this meta-analysis relied largely on specific informant-reports (and particularly parent and child reports), each of which is subject to various sources of rater bias. Observer-ratings of children’s behaviors avoid many of these biases, and are thus well suited to verify the presence of C. Given this, we sought to buttress the evidence supporting C in two key ways. First, we sought to confirm that C contributes to observer-ratings in a sample of adoptive siblings, as similarity between adoptive siblings constitutes a ‘direct’ estimate of C. Second, we sought to confirm that these shared environmental influences persist across informants (i.e., the effects are not specific to the rater or the context in question). Methods:  The current study examined the etiology of observer-ratings of acting-out behaviors, as well as sources of etiological overlap across observer-ratings, adolescent self-report and maternal-report in sample of over 600 biological and adoptive sibling pairs from the Sibling Interaction and Behavior Study (SIBS). Results:  Results revealed moderate and significant shared environmental influences on observer-ratings (31%), as well as on the other informant-reports (20–23%). Moreover, a portion of these effects overlapped across measures (C correlations ranged from .32 to .34). Conclusions:  Such findings argue against passive gene–environment correlations (rGE) and rater bias as primary explanations for earlier findings of C on antisocial behavior, and in this way, offer a critical extension of prior work indicating that the role of shared environmental influences on child and adolescent antisocial behavior was dismissed too soon. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02334.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121 [article] Confirming the etiology of adolescent acting-out behaviors: an examination of observer-ratings in a sample of adoptive and biological siblings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. Alexandra BURT, Auteur ; Ashlea M. KLAHR, Auteur ; Martha A. RUETER, Auteur ; Matt MCGUE, Auteur ; William G. IACONO, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.519-526. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 52-5 (May 2011) . - p.519-526 Mots-clés : Shared environment  antisocial behavior  adoption design  observer-ratings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  A recent meta-analysis revealed moderate shared environmental influences (C) on most forms of child and adolescent psychopathology (Burt, 2009), including antisocial behavior. Critically, however, the research analyzed in this meta-analysis relied largely on specific informant-reports (and particularly parent and child reports), each of which is subject to various sources of rater bias. Observer-ratings of children’s behaviors avoid many of these biases, and are thus well suited to verify the presence of C. Given this, we sought to buttress the evidence supporting C in two key ways. First, we sought to confirm that C contributes to observer-ratings in a sample of adoptive siblings, as similarity between adoptive siblings constitutes a ‘direct’ estimate of C. Second, we sought to confirm that these shared environmental influences persist across informants (i.e., the effects are not specific to the rater or the context in question). Methods:  The current study examined the etiology of observer-ratings of acting-out behaviors, as well as sources of etiological overlap across observer-ratings, adolescent self-report and maternal-report in sample of over 600 biological and adoptive sibling pairs from the Sibling Interaction and Behavior Study (SIBS). Results:  Results revealed moderate and significant shared environmental influences on observer-ratings (31%), as well as on the other informant-reports (20–23%). Moreover, a portion of these effects overlapped across measures (C correlations ranged from .32 to .34). Conclusions:  Such findings argue against passive gene–environment correlations (rGE) and rater bias as primary explanations for earlier findings of C on antisocial behavior, and in this way, offer a critical extension of prior work indicating that the role of shared environmental influences on child and adolescent antisocial behavior was dismissed too soon. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02334.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121

Evocative gene–environment correlation in the mother–child relationship: A twin study of interpersonal processes / Ashlea M. KLAHR in Development and Psychopathology, 25-1 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 25-1 (February 2013) . - p.105-118 Titre : Evocative gene–environment correlation in the mother–child relationship: A twin study of interpersonal processes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ashlea M. KLAHR, Auteur ; Katherine M. THOMAS, Auteur ; Christopher J. HOPWOOD, Auteur ; Kelly L. KLUMP, Auteur ; S. Alexandra BURT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.105-118 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The behavior genetic literature suggests that genetically influenced characteristics of the child elicit specific behaviors from the parent. However, little is known about the processes by which genetically influenced child characteristics evoke parental responses. Interpersonal theory provides a useful framework for identifying reciprocal behavioral processes between children and mothers. The theory posits that, at any given moment, interpersonal behavior varies along the orthogonal dimensions of warmth and control and that the interpersonal behavior of one individual tends to elicit corresponding or contrasting behavior from the other (i.e., warmth elicits warmth, whereas control elicits submission). The current study thus examined these dimensions of interpersonal behavior as they relate to the parent–child relationship in 546 twin families. A computer joystick was used to rate videos of mother–child interactions in real time, yielding information on mother and child levels of warmth and control throughout the interaction. Analyses indicated that maternal control, but not maternal warmth, was influenced by evocative gene–environment correlational processes, such that genetic influences on maternal control and child control were largely overlapping. Moreover, these common genetic influences were present both cross-sectionally and over the course of the interaction. Such findings not only confirm the presence of evocative gene–environment correlational processes in the mother–child relationship but also illuminate at least one of the specific interpersonal behaviors that underlie this evocative process. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000934 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=190 [article] Evocative gene–environment correlation in the mother–child relationship: A twin study of interpersonal processes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ashlea M. KLAHR, Auteur ; Katherine M. THOMAS, Auteur ; Christopher J. HOPWOOD, Auteur ; Kelly L. KLUMP, Auteur ; S. Alexandra BURT, Auteur . - p.105-118. in Development and Psychopathology > 25-1 (February 2013) . - p.105-118 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The behavior genetic literature suggests that genetically influenced characteristics of the child elicit specific behaviors from the parent. However, little is known about the processes by which genetically influenced child characteristics evoke parental responses. Interpersonal theory provides a useful framework for identifying reciprocal behavioral processes between children and mothers. The theory posits that, at any given moment, interpersonal behavior varies along the orthogonal dimensions of warmth and control and that the interpersonal behavior of one individual tends to elicit corresponding or contrasting behavior from the other (i.e., warmth elicits warmth, whereas control elicits submission). The current study thus examined these dimensions of interpersonal behavior as they relate to the parent–child relationship in 546 twin families. A computer joystick was used to rate videos of mother–child interactions in real time, yielding information on mother and child levels of warmth and control throughout the interaction. Analyses indicated that maternal control, but not maternal warmth, was influenced by evocative gene–environment correlational processes, such that genetic influences on maternal control and child control were largely overlapping. Moreover, these common genetic influences were present both cross-sectionally and over the course of the interaction. Such findings not only confirm the presence of evocative gene–environment correlational processes in the mother–child relationship but also illuminate at least one of the specific interpersonal behaviors that underlie this evocative process. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000934 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=190

Maternal warmth and directiveness jointly moderate the etiology of childhood conduct problems / S. Alexandra BURT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-10 (October 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-10 (October 2013) . - p.1030-1037 Titre : Maternal warmth and directiveness jointly moderate the etiology of childhood conduct problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. Alexandra BURT, Auteur ; Ashlea M. KLAHR, Auteur ; Michael C. NEALE, Auteur ; Kelly L. KLUMP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1030-1037 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child conduct problems  GxE  maternal directiveness or control  maternal warmth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Prior studies exploring gene–environment interactions (GxE) in the development of youth conduct problems (CP) have focused almost exclusively on single-risk experiences, despite research indicating that the presence of other risk factors and or the absence of protective factors can accentuate the influence of a given risk factor on CP. The goal of the current study was to fill this gap in the literature, evaluating whether risky and protective aspects of parenting might combine to jointly moderate the etiology of CP. Methods The sample consisted of 500 child twin pairs from the Michigan State University Twin Registry (MSUTR). Child CP was assessed using multiple informant reports. Maternal warmth and directiveness were assessed via videotaped dyadic interactions between mothers and each of their twins. Results Biometric GxE analyses revealed that directiveness and warmth did appear to jointly moderate the etiology of CP. In particular, shared environmental influences were accentuated by colder, less directive or ‘less engaged’ mothering, whereas genetic influences were strongest when the child was experiencing warmer, more directive or ‘more authoritative’ mothering. Conclusions Such findings serve to highlight the synergistic effects of risky and protective experiences on child outcomes. They also provide additional empirical support for the bioecological form of GxE, which postulates that, in some cases, genetic influences may be most strongly expressed in the presence of low-risk environments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12095 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212 [article] Maternal warmth and directiveness jointly moderate the etiology of childhood conduct problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. Alexandra BURT, Auteur ; Ashlea M. KLAHR, Auteur ; Michael C. NEALE, Auteur ; Kelly L. KLUMP, Auteur . - p.1030-1037. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-10 (October 2013) . - p.1030-1037 Mots-clés : Child conduct problems  GxE  maternal directiveness or control  maternal warmth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Prior studies exploring gene–environment interactions (GxE) in the development of youth conduct problems (CP) have focused almost exclusively on single-risk experiences, despite research indicating that the presence of other risk factors and or the absence of protective factors can accentuate the influence of a given risk factor on CP. The goal of the current study was to fill this gap in the literature, evaluating whether risky and protective aspects of parenting might combine to jointly moderate the etiology of CP. Methods The sample consisted of 500 child twin pairs from the Michigan State University Twin Registry (MSUTR). Child CP was assessed using multiple informant reports. Maternal warmth and directiveness were assessed via videotaped dyadic interactions between mothers and each of their twins. Results Biometric GxE analyses revealed that directiveness and warmth did appear to jointly moderate the etiology of CP. In particular, shared environmental influences were accentuated by colder, less directive or ‘less engaged’ mothering, whereas genetic influences were strongest when the child was experiencing warmer, more directive or ‘more authoritative’ mothering. Conclusions Such findings serve to highlight the synergistic effects of risky and protective experiences on child outcomes. They also provide additional empirical support for the bioecological form of GxE, which postulates that, in some cases, genetic influences may be most strongly expressed in the presence of low-risk environments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12095 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=212

Practitioner Review: Evaluation of the known behavioral heterogeneity in conduct disorder to improve its assessment and treatment / Ashlea M. KLAHR in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-12 (December 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-12 (December 2014) . - p.1300-1310 Titre : Practitioner Review: Evaluation of the known behavioral heterogeneity in conduct disorder to improve its assessment and treatment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ashlea M. KLAHR, Auteur ; S. Alexandra BURT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1300-1310 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aggression  nonaggressive rule-breaking  conduct disorder  antisocial behavior  callous-unemotional traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Conduct Disorder (CD) is among the most highly represented diagnostic problems in child and adolescent mental health treatment settings. There is a great deal of heterogeneity within the CD category, with potentially important implications for case conceptualization and treatment. The current review sought to detail forms of heterogeneity within CD, including callous-unemotional traits, comorbid Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), aggressive and nonaggressive antisocial behavior, and age of onset. Methods The current review summarizes research on etiological factors, correlates, and trajectories associated with distinguishable dimensions of CD, and considers how this heterogeneity should be incorporated into the assessment and treatment of CD. Results Callous-unemotional traits have been associated with a more severe and persistent form of CD, as have comorbid ADHD and child-onset CD. Aggressive antisocial behavior is a stable behavioral dimension that emerges in early childhood and is associated with high levels of neuroticism. Nonaggressive antisocial behavior demonstrates specific associations with impulsivity, is most frequent during adolescence, and evidences more moderate levels of stability. Conclusions Conduct disorder is a highly heterogeneous disorder. Although the clinical implications of this heterogeneity are discussed, future research is clearly needed to shore up our understanding of the clinical ramifications of the sub-dimensions within CD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12268 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=243 [article] Practitioner Review: Evaluation of the known behavioral heterogeneity in conduct disorder to improve its assessment and treatment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ashlea M. KLAHR, Auteur ; S. Alexandra BURT, Auteur . - p.1300-1310. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-12 (December 2014) . - p.1300-1310 Mots-clés : Aggression  nonaggressive rule-breaking  conduct disorder  antisocial behavior  callous-unemotional traits Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Conduct Disorder (CD) is among the most highly represented diagnostic problems in child and adolescent mental health treatment settings. There is a great deal of heterogeneity within the CD category, with potentially important implications for case conceptualization and treatment. The current review sought to detail forms of heterogeneity within CD, including callous-unemotional traits, comorbid Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), aggressive and nonaggressive antisocial behavior, and age of onset. Methods The current review summarizes research on etiological factors, correlates, and trajectories associated with distinguishable dimensions of CD, and considers how this heterogeneity should be incorporated into the assessment and treatment of CD. Results Callous-unemotional traits have been associated with a more severe and persistent form of CD, as have comorbid ADHD and child-onset CD. Aggressive antisocial behavior is a stable behavioral dimension that emerges in early childhood and is associated with high levels of neuroticism. Nonaggressive antisocial behavior demonstrates specific associations with impulsivity, is most frequent during adolescence, and evidences more moderate levels of stability. Conclusions Conduct disorder is a highly heterogeneous disorder. Although the clinical implications of this heterogeneity are discussed, future research is clearly needed to shore up our understanding of the clinical ramifications of the sub-dimensions within CD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12268 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=243

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