Autistic adults' perspectives on appropriate empathic responses to others' emotions / Neil BREWER in Autism Research, 16-8 (August 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-8 (August 2023) . - p.1573-1585 Titre : Autistic adults' perspectives on appropriate empathic responses to others' emotions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Marie Antonia GEORGOPOULOS, Auteur ; Carmen A. LUCAS, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1573-1585 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Although the ability of autistic adults to recognize others' emotions has been extensively studied, less attention has been given to how they respond to these emotions. We examined two aspects of autistic and non-autistic adults' responsiveness to the emotional expressions of non-autistic actors: their perspectives on the appropriate way of responding to others' emotions and their awareness of others' perceptions of the likely appropriateness of such responses. Autistic (N=63) and non-autistic (N=67) adult samples viewed videos of 74 dyadic social interactions displaying different examples of 12 emotions expressed by one actor in response to the behavior of the other. After each video, participants (a) nominated the emotion expressed by the first actor, (b) offered their perspective on what would constitute an appropriate empathic response by the second actor, and (c) indicated their confidence in that response. Although the autistic group provided fewer appropriate empathic responses-operationalized via a panel's interpretations of normative responses-than the non-autistic group, within-group variability was marked, and the effect was weak and largely confined to basic emotions. Autistic individuals were, however, considerably less confident in their responses. Examination of the relationships between confidence in and the appropriateness of empathic responses provided no indication in either group of reliable discrimination of appropriate from inappropriate empathic responses or finely tuned metacognitive awareness of variations in appropriateness. In sum, autistic adults' perspectives on the appropriate empathic reactions to non-autistic adults' emotions were not unilaterally or markedly different to those of non-autistic adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2965 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510 [article] Autistic adults' perspectives on appropriate empathic responses to others' emotions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Marie Antonia GEORGOPOULOS, Auteur ; Carmen A. LUCAS, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur . - p.1573-1585. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-8 (August 2023) . - p.1573-1585 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Although the ability of autistic adults to recognize others' emotions has been extensively studied, less attention has been given to how they respond to these emotions. We examined two aspects of autistic and non-autistic adults' responsiveness to the emotional expressions of non-autistic actors: their perspectives on the appropriate way of responding to others' emotions and their awareness of others' perceptions of the likely appropriateness of such responses. Autistic (N=63) and non-autistic (N=67) adult samples viewed videos of 74 dyadic social interactions displaying different examples of 12 emotions expressed by one actor in response to the behavior of the other. After each video, participants (a) nominated the emotion expressed by the first actor, (b) offered their perspective on what would constitute an appropriate empathic response by the second actor, and (c) indicated their confidence in that response. Although the autistic group provided fewer appropriate empathic responses-operationalized via a panel's interpretations of normative responses-than the non-autistic group, within-group variability was marked, and the effect was weak and largely confined to basic emotions. Autistic individuals were, however, considerably less confident in their responses. Examination of the relationships between confidence in and the appropriateness of empathic responses provided no indication in either group of reliable discrimination of appropriate from inappropriate empathic responses or finely tuned metacognitive awareness of variations in appropriateness. In sum, autistic adults' perspectives on the appropriate empathic reactions to non-autistic adults' emotions were not unilaterally or markedly different to those of non-autistic adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2965 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510

Brief Report: Perspective Taking Deficits, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Allaying Police Officers' Suspicions About Criminal Involvement / Robyn L. YOUNG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-6 (June 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-6 (June 2020) . - p.2234-2239 Titre : Brief Report: Perspective Taking Deficits, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Allaying Police Officers' Suspicions About Criminal Involvement Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2234-2239 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Criminal involvement  Perspective taking  Theory of Mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether perspective taking (or Theory of Mind) deficits that characterize autistic individuals predict whether they have trouble extricating themselves from situations in which police officers erroneously suspect them of a crime. Autistic and typically developing adults listened to scenarios in which they were placed in situations where the police erroneously believe they had been involved in crime. Each scenario contained critical information that, if recognized and provided to the police, would confirm non-involvement in the crime. Autistic adults performed markedly worse than controls on perspective taking measures and the extrication task. Verbal IQ and memory performance accounted for significant variance in extrication performance, and perspective taking explained an additional and significant 15% of variance in extrication performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03968-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 [article] Brief Report: Perspective Taking Deficits, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Allaying Police Officers' Suspicions About Criminal Involvement [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur . - p.2234-2239. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-6 (June 2020) . - p.2234-2239 Mots-clés : Criminal involvement  Perspective taking  Theory of Mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether perspective taking (or Theory of Mind) deficits that characterize autistic individuals predict whether they have trouble extricating themselves from situations in which police officers erroneously suspect them of a crime. Autistic and typically developing adults listened to scenarios in which they were placed in situations where the police erroneously believe they had been involved in crime. Each scenario contained critical information that, if recognized and provided to the police, would confirm non-involvement in the crime. Autistic adults performed markedly worse than controls on perspective taking measures and the extrication task. Verbal IQ and memory performance accounted for significant variance in extrication performance, and perspective taking explained an additional and significant 15% of variance in extrication performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03968-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425

Detecting dodgy behaviour: The role of autism, autistic traits and theory of mind / Neil BREWER in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1026-1035 Titre : Detecting dodgy behaviour: The role of autism, autistic traits and theory of mind Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Carmen A LUCAS, Auteur ; Alliyza LIM, Auteur ; Robyn L YOUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1026-1035 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism,autistic traits,criminality,signal detection theory,theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether theory of mind difficulties often considered to characterise autistic individuals impair their ability to detect the presence of dodgy or suspicious behaviour in interactions, thereby rendering them especially vulnerable to becoming involved in criminal activity or being victimised. Using a signal detection theory approach, we compared autistic (N=72; Verbal Comprehension Index=88-122, M=106.6) and non-autistic (N=70; Verbal Comprehension Index=86-120, M=104.4) adults' ability to detect dodgy or suspicious behaviour across a broad array of scenarios (N=136). Although theory of mind performance was poorer for the autistic group, frequentist and Bayesian analyses indicated there were no group differences in either the standard measures of discrimination performance obtainable using a signal detection theory approach or in terms of a bias towards reporting dodgy behaviour. Furthermore, there was no indication of a relationship between dodginess detection and autistic traits. However, regardless of group membership, theory of mind difficulties were associated with poorer discrimination of dodgy behaviour, highlighting an individual difference variable that may increase the vulnerability of both autistic and non-autistic individuals to involvement in some form of criminal activity or to becoming a victim of crime.Lay abstractDifficulties in reading others' minds make it difficult to anticipate their future behaviour. It has often been argued that such difficulties contribute to autistic individuals becoming enmeshed in criminal activity. However, supportive scientific evidence is virtually non-existent. We compared the ability of groups of autistic and non-autistic adults of similar intellectual ability to detect dodgy or suspicious behaviour across a wide range of scenarios. Although the autistic group performed more poorly than the non-autistic group on an established measure of mindreading, there were no group differences in the ability to detect dodginess. Nor did we find any evidence that detecting dodgy behaviour was associated with the degree of autistic traits reported by individual participants. However, when we combined the two groups, difficulty reading the minds of others was indeed associated with poorer detection of dodginess, thus highlighting a characteristic of individuals that may well increase the likelihood of becoming involved in crime or exploited for autistic and non-autistic individuals alike. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221125564 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Detecting dodgy behaviour: The role of autism, autistic traits and theory of mind [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Carmen A LUCAS, Auteur ; Alliyza LIM, Auteur ; Robyn L YOUNG, Auteur . - p.1026-1035. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.1026-1035 Mots-clés : autism,autistic traits,criminality,signal detection theory,theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined whether theory of mind difficulties often considered to characterise autistic individuals impair their ability to detect the presence of dodgy or suspicious behaviour in interactions, thereby rendering them especially vulnerable to becoming involved in criminal activity or being victimised. Using a signal detection theory approach, we compared autistic (N=72; Verbal Comprehension Index=88-122, M=106.6) and non-autistic (N=70; Verbal Comprehension Index=86-120, M=104.4) adults' ability to detect dodgy or suspicious behaviour across a broad array of scenarios (N=136). Although theory of mind performance was poorer for the autistic group, frequentist and Bayesian analyses indicated there were no group differences in either the standard measures of discrimination performance obtainable using a signal detection theory approach or in terms of a bias towards reporting dodgy behaviour. Furthermore, there was no indication of a relationship between dodginess detection and autistic traits. However, regardless of group membership, theory of mind difficulties were associated with poorer discrimination of dodgy behaviour, highlighting an individual difference variable that may increase the vulnerability of both autistic and non-autistic individuals to involvement in some form of criminal activity or to becoming a victim of crime.Lay abstractDifficulties in reading others' minds make it difficult to anticipate their future behaviour. It has often been argued that such difficulties contribute to autistic individuals becoming enmeshed in criminal activity. However, supportive scientific evidence is virtually non-existent. We compared the ability of groups of autistic and non-autistic adults of similar intellectual ability to detect dodgy or suspicious behaviour across a wide range of scenarios. Although the autistic group performed more poorly than the non-autistic group on an established measure of mindreading, there were no group differences in the ability to detect dodginess. Nor did we find any evidence that detecting dodgy behaviour was associated with the degree of autistic traits reported by individual participants. However, when we combined the two groups, difficulty reading the minds of others was indeed associated with poorer detection of dodginess, thus highlighting a characteristic of individuals that may well increase the likelihood of becoming involved in crime or exploited for autistic and non-autistic individuals alike. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221125564 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Erratum to: Measuring Theory of Mind in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Neil BREWER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-7 (July 2017) . - p.1942-1943 Titre : Erratum to: Measuring Theory of Mind in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Emily BARNETT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1942-1943 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3150-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=313 [article] Erratum to: Measuring Theory of Mind in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur ; Emily BARNETT, Auteur . - p.1942-1943. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-7 (July 2017) . - p.1942-1943 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3150-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=313

Face recognition performance of individuals with Asperger syndrome on the Cambridge face memory test / Darren HEDLEY in Autism Research, 4-6 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 4-6 (December 2011) . - p.449-455 Titre : Face recognition performance of individuals with Asperger syndrome on the Cambridge face memory test Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.449-455 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : face recognition  autism spectrum disorder  Asperger syndrome  CFMT  face perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although face recognition deficits in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), including Asperger syndrome (AS), are widely acknowledged, the empirical evidence is mixed. This in part reflects the failure to use standardized and psychometrically sound tests. We contrasted standardized face recognition scores on the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) for 34 individuals with AS with those for 42, IQ-matched non-ASD individuals, and age-standardized scores from a large Australian cohort. We also examined the influence of IQ, autistic traits, and negative affect on face recognition performance. Overall, participants with AS performed significantly worse on the CFMT than the non-ASD participants and when evaluated against standardized test norms. However, while 24% of participants with AS presented with severe face recognition impairment (>2 SDs below the mean), many individuals performed at or above the typical level for their age: 53% scored within +/− 1 SD of the mean and 9% demonstrated superior performance (>1 SD above the mean). Regression analysis provided no evidence that IQ, autistic traits, or negative affect significantly influenced face recognition: diagnostic group membership was the only significant predictor of face recognition performance. In sum, face recognition performance in ASD is on a continuum, but with average levels significantly below non-ASD levels of performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.214 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=151 [article] Face recognition performance of individuals with Asperger syndrome on the Cambridge face memory test [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Darren HEDLEY, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur ; Robyn L. YOUNG, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.449-455. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 4-6 (December 2011) . - p.449-455 Mots-clés : face recognition  autism spectrum disorder  Asperger syndrome  CFMT  face perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although face recognition deficits in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), including Asperger syndrome (AS), are widely acknowledged, the empirical evidence is mixed. This in part reflects the failure to use standardized and psychometrically sound tests. We contrasted standardized face recognition scores on the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) for 34 individuals with AS with those for 42, IQ-matched non-ASD individuals, and age-standardized scores from a large Australian cohort. We also examined the influence of IQ, autistic traits, and negative affect on face recognition performance. Overall, participants with AS performed significantly worse on the CFMT than the non-ASD participants and when evaluated against standardized test norms. However, while 24% of participants with AS presented with severe face recognition impairment (>2 SDs below the mean), many individuals performed at or above the typical level for their age: 53% scored within +/− 1 SD of the mean and 9% demonstrated superior performance (>1 SD above the mean). Regression analysis provided no evidence that IQ, autistic traits, or negative affect significantly influenced face recognition: diagnostic group membership was the only significant predictor of face recognition performance. In sum, face recognition performance in ASD is on a continuum, but with average levels significantly below non-ASD levels of performance. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.214 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=151

Facing up to others' emotions: No evidence of autism-related deficits in metacognitive awareness of emotion recognition / Neil BREWER in Autism Research, 15-8 (August 2022)  

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Measuring Theory of Mind in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Neil BREWER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-7 (July 2017)  

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Metacognitive Monitoring and Control of Eyewitness Memory Reports in Autism / Katie MARAS in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

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Parental Identification of Early Behavioural Abnormalities in Children with Autistic Disorder / Robyn L. YOUNG in Autism, 7-2 (June 2003)  

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A Quick Measure of Theory of Mind in Autistic Adults: Decision Accuracy, Latency and Self-Awareness / Neil BREWER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-6 (June 2022)  

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Response format changes the reading the mind in the eyes test performance of autistic and non-autistic adults / Alliyza LIM in Autism, 27-8 (November 2023)  

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Revisiting the Relationship between Cybercrime, Autistic Traits, and Autism / Alliyza LIM in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-4 (April 2023)  

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Speed and accuracy of emotion recognition in autistic adults: The role of stimulus type, response format, and emotion / Marie Antonia GEORGOPOULOS in Autism Research, 15-9 (September 2022)  

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The Effect of Inversion on Face Recognition in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Darren HEDLEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-5 (May 2015)  

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The influence of media suggestions about links between criminality and autism spectrum disorder / Neil BREWER in Autism, 21-1 (January 2017)  

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