Altered sense of gaze leading in autism / Ouriel GRYNSZPAN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 67 (November 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 67 (November 2019) . - p.101441 Titre : Altered sense of gaze leading in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ouriel GRYNSZPAN, Auteur ; Julie BOUTEILLER, Auteur ; Séverine GRYNSZPAN, Auteur ; Florence LE BARILLIER, Auteur ; Jean-Claude MARTIN, Auteur ; Jacqueline NADEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.101441 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social behavior  Joint attention  Gaze-following  Self-monitoring  Avatar  Eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Impairments in joint attention are considered a hallmark of the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Yet, the ability of people with ASD to lead the attentional focus of others has been scarcely investigated. Method To address this issue, we designed virtual avatars that can follow the gaze of participants with head and eye movements in real time using eye-tracking. During a training phase, participants were alternately exposed to an avatar that followed their gaze and an avatar that did not. In a subsequent test phase, they were facing the two avatars at the same time. Results Eye-tracking data showed that, unlike typical controls, participants with ASD focused more on the gaze-following avatar. They were also less inclined to report that their gaze had been followed by this avatar. Conclusions These results suggest that adults with ASD fail to sense themselves as agents leading the attentional focus of others during joint attention episodes. Practitioners should not expect individuals with ASD to spontaneously understand the contingency between their attentional focus and someone else’s, even if the link is highly ostensible. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101441 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Altered sense of gaze leading in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ouriel GRYNSZPAN, Auteur ; Julie BOUTEILLER, Auteur ; Séverine GRYNSZPAN, Auteur ; Florence LE BARILLIER, Auteur ; Jean-Claude MARTIN, Auteur ; Jacqueline NADEL, Auteur . - p.101441. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 67 (November 2019) . - p.101441 Mots-clés : Social behavior  Joint attention  Gaze-following  Self-monitoring  Avatar  Eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Impairments in joint attention are considered a hallmark of the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Yet, the ability of people with ASD to lead the attentional focus of others has been scarcely investigated. Method To address this issue, we designed virtual avatars that can follow the gaze of participants with head and eye movements in real time using eye-tracking. During a training phase, participants were alternately exposed to an avatar that followed their gaze and an avatar that did not. In a subsequent test phase, they were facing the two avatars at the same time. Results Eye-tracking data showed that, unlike typical controls, participants with ASD focused more on the gaze-following avatar. They were also less inclined to report that their gaze had been followed by this avatar. Conclusions These results suggest that adults with ASD fail to sense themselves as agents leading the attentional focus of others during joint attention episodes. Practitioners should not expect individuals with ASD to spontaneously understand the contingency between their attentional focus and someone else’s, even if the link is highly ostensible. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101441 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Self-Monitoring of Gaze in High Functioning Autism / Ouriel GRYNSZPAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-8 (August 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-8 (August 2012) . - p.1642-1650 Titre : Self-Monitoring of Gaze in High Functioning Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ouriel GRYNSZPAN, Auteur ; Jacqueline NADEL, Auteur ; Jean-Claude MARTIN, Auteur ; Jérôme SIMONIN, Auteur ; Pauline BAILLEUL, Auteur ; Yun WANG, Auteur ; Daniel GEPNER, Auteur ; Florence LE BARILLIER, Auteur ; Jacques CONSTANT, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1642-1650 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : High functioning autism  Action-monitoring  Agency  Eye-tracking  Virtual reality  Pragmatics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical visual behaviour has been recently proposed to account for much of social misunderstanding in autism. Using an eye-tracking system and a gaze-contingent lens display, the present study explores self-monitoring of eye motion in two conditions: free visual exploration and guided exploration via blurring the visual field except for the focal area of vision. During these conditions, thirteen students with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders (HFASD) and fourteen typical individuals were presented naturalistic and interactive social stimuli using virtual reality. Fixation data showed a weaker modulation of eye movements according to the conditions in the HFASD group, thus suggesting impairments in self-monitoring of gaze. Moreover, the gaze-contingent lens induced a visual behaviour whereby social understanding scores were correlated with the time spent gazing at faces. The device could be useful for treating gaze monitoring deficiencies in HFASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1404-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=178 [article] Self-Monitoring of Gaze in High Functioning Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ouriel GRYNSZPAN, Auteur ; Jacqueline NADEL, Auteur ; Jean-Claude MARTIN, Auteur ; Jérôme SIMONIN, Auteur ; Pauline BAILLEUL, Auteur ; Yun WANG, Auteur ; Daniel GEPNER, Auteur ; Florence LE BARILLIER, Auteur ; Jacques CONSTANT, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1642-1650. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-8 (August 2012) . - p.1642-1650 Mots-clés : High functioning autism  Action-monitoring  Agency  Eye-tracking  Virtual reality  Pragmatics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical visual behaviour has been recently proposed to account for much of social misunderstanding in autism. Using an eye-tracking system and a gaze-contingent lens display, the present study explores self-monitoring of eye motion in two conditions: free visual exploration and guided exploration via blurring the visual field except for the focal area of vision. During these conditions, thirteen students with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders (HFASD) and fourteen typical individuals were presented naturalistic and interactive social stimuli using virtual reality. Fixation data showed a weaker modulation of eye movements according to the conditions in the HFASD group, thus suggesting impairments in self-monitoring of gaze. Moreover, the gaze-contingent lens induced a visual behaviour whereby social understanding scores were correlated with the time spent gazing at faces. The device could be useful for treating gaze monitoring deficiencies in HFASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1404-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=178

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