A Children of Twins Study of parental divorce and offspring psychopathology / Brian M. D'ONOFRIO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-7 (July 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-7 (July 2007) . - p.667–675 Titre : A Children of Twins Study of parental divorce and offspring psychopathology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur ; Robert E. EMERY, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Lindon J. EAVES, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.667–675 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavioural-genetics divorce substance-use depression alcohol-abuse children-of-twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Although parental divorce is associated with increased substance use and internalizing problems, experiencing the separation of one's parents may not cause these outcomes. The relations may be due to genetic or environmental selection factors, characteristics that lead to both marital separation and offspring functioning. Method: We used the Children of Twins (CoT) Design to explore whether unmeasured genetic or environmental factors related to the twin parent, and measured characteristics of both parents, account for the association between parental divorce and offspring substance use and internalizing problems. Results: The association between parental divorce and offspring substance use problems remained robust when controlling for genetic and environmental risk from the twin parent associated with parental divorce, and measured characteristics of both parents. The results do not prove, but are consistent with, a causal connection. In contrast, the analyses suggest that shared genetic liability in parents and their offspring accounts for the increased risk of internalizing problems in adult offspring from divorced families. Conclusions: The study illustrates that unmeasured genetic and environmental selection factors must be considered when studying parental divorce. In explaining associations between parental divorce and young-adult adjustment, our evidence suggests that selection versus causal mechanisms may operate differently for substance abuse (a causal relation) and internalizing problems (an artifact of selection). The CoT design only controls for the genetic and environmental characteristics of one parent; thus, additional genetically informed analyses are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01741.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141 [article] A Children of Twins Study of parental divorce and offspring psychopathology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Judy L. SILBERG, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur ; Robert E. EMERY, Auteur ; Hermine H. MAES, Auteur ; Lindon J. EAVES, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.667–675. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-7 (July 2007) . - p.667–675 Mots-clés : Behavioural-genetics divorce substance-use depression alcohol-abuse children-of-twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Although parental divorce is associated with increased substance use and internalizing problems, experiencing the separation of one's parents may not cause these outcomes. The relations may be due to genetic or environmental selection factors, characteristics that lead to both marital separation and offspring functioning. Method: We used the Children of Twins (CoT) Design to explore whether unmeasured genetic or environmental factors related to the twin parent, and measured characteristics of both parents, account for the association between parental divorce and offspring substance use and internalizing problems. Results: The association between parental divorce and offspring substance use problems remained robust when controlling for genetic and environmental risk from the twin parent associated with parental divorce, and measured characteristics of both parents. The results do not prove, but are consistent with, a causal connection. In contrast, the analyses suggest that shared genetic liability in parents and their offspring accounts for the increased risk of internalizing problems in adult offspring from divorced families. Conclusions: The study illustrates that unmeasured genetic and environmental selection factors must be considered when studying parental divorce. In explaining associations between parental divorce and young-adult adjustment, our evidence suggests that selection versus causal mechanisms may operate differently for substance abuse (a causal relation) and internalizing problems (an artifact of selection). The CoT design only controls for the genetic and environmental characteristics of one parent; thus, additional genetically informed analyses are needed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01741.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=141

Phenotype–environment correlations in longitudinal twin models / Christopher R. BEAM in Development and Psychopathology, 25-1 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 25-1 (February 2013) . - p.7-16 Titre : Phenotype–environment correlations in longitudinal twin models Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christopher R. BEAM, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.7-16 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gene–environment correlation (rGE) exists both within and between families. Between families, accumulating rGE has been used to explain dramatic changes in phenotypic means over time. The Dickens and Flynn model of increases in cognitive ability over generational time, for example, suggests that small changes in phenotype can lead to subsequent reallocation of environmental resources. This process sets up a reciprocal feedback loop between phenotype and environment, producing accumulating rGE that can cause large changes in the mean of ability, even though ability remains highly heritable in cross-sectional data. We report simulations suggesting that similar processes may operate within twin and sibling pairs. Especially in dizygotic twins and siblings, small differences in phenotype can become associated with reallocations of environmental resources within families. We show that phenotype–environment effects can account for age-related increases in rGE, rapid differentiation of siblings raised together, and widely reported increases in the heritability of behavior during childhood and adolescence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000867 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=190 [article] Phenotype–environment correlations in longitudinal twin models [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christopher R. BEAM, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur . - p.7-16. in Development and Psychopathology > 25-1 (February 2013) . - p.7-16 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gene–environment correlation (rGE) exists both within and between families. Between families, accumulating rGE has been used to explain dramatic changes in phenotypic means over time. The Dickens and Flynn model of increases in cognitive ability over generational time, for example, suggests that small changes in phenotype can lead to subsequent reallocation of environmental resources. This process sets up a reciprocal feedback loop between phenotype and environment, producing accumulating rGE that can cause large changes in the mean of ability, even though ability remains highly heritable in cross-sectional data. We report simulations suggesting that similar processes may operate within twin and sibling pairs. Especially in dizygotic twins and siblings, small differences in phenotype can become associated with reallocations of environmental resources within families. We show that phenotype–environment effects can account for age-related increases in rGE, rapid differentiation of siblings raised together, and widely reported increases in the heritability of behavior during childhood and adolescence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000867 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=190

Population density and youth antisocial behavior / K. Paige HARDEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.999-1008 Titre : Population density and youth antisocial behavior Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. Paige HARDEN, Auteur ; Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur ; Carol A. VAN HULLE, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Joseph Lee RODGERS, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.999-1008 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Behavior-problems delinquency demography environmental-influences epidemiology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theoretical models concerning how neighborhood contexts adversely influence juvenile antisocial behavior frequently focus on urban neighborhoods; however, previous studies comparing urban and rural areas on the prevalence of youth antisocial behavior have yielded mixed results. The current study uses longitudinal data on the offspring of a nationally representative sample of mothers (N = 4,886) in the US. There was no relation between density and mother-reported child conduct problems across ages 4–13 years, but youth living in areas of greater population density exhibited more youth self-reported delinquency across 10–17 years. Families often moved to counties with greater or lesser population density, but longitudinal analyses treating population density as a time-varying covariate did not support the hypothesis that living in densely populated counties influenced youth delinquency. Rather, the association between population density and delinquency appears to be due to unmeasured selection variables that differ between families who live in more or less densely populated counties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02044.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788 [article] Population density and youth antisocial behavior [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. Paige HARDEN, Auteur ; Benjamin B. LAHEY, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur ; Carol A. VAN HULLE, Auteur ; Irwin D. WALDMAN, Auteur ; Joseph Lee RODGERS, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.999-1008. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-8 (August 2009) . - p.999-1008 Mots-clés : Behavior-problems delinquency demography environmental-influences epidemiology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Theoretical models concerning how neighborhood contexts adversely influence juvenile antisocial behavior frequently focus on urban neighborhoods; however, previous studies comparing urban and rural areas on the prevalence of youth antisocial behavior have yielded mixed results. The current study uses longitudinal data on the offspring of a nationally representative sample of mothers (N = 4,886) in the US. There was no relation between density and mother-reported child conduct problems across ages 4–13 years, but youth living in areas of greater population density exhibited more youth self-reported delinquency across 10–17 years. Families often moved to counties with greater or lesser population density, but longitudinal analyses treating population density as a time-varying covariate did not support the hypothesis that living in densely populated counties influenced youth delinquency. Rather, the association between population density and delinquency appears to be due to unmeasured selection variables that differ between families who live in more or less densely populated counties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02044.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788

Simulated nonlinear genetic and environmental dynamics of complex traits / Michael D. HUNTER in Development and Psychopathology, 35-2 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 35-2 (May 2023) . - p.662-677 Titre : Simulated nonlinear genetic and environmental dynamics of complex traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael D. HUNTER, Auteur ; Kevin L. MCKEE, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.662-677 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : behavior genetics  dynamical systems  GWAS  heritability  simulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Genetic studies of complex traits often show disparities in estimated heritability depending on the method used, whether by genomic associations or twin and family studies. We present a simulation of individual genomes with dynamic environmental conditions to consider how linear and nonlinear effects, gene-by-environment interactions, and gene-by-environment correlations may work together to govern the long-term development of complex traits and affect estimates of heritability from common methods. Our simulation studies demonstrate that the genetic effects estimated by genome wide association studies in unrelated individuals are inadequate to characterize gene-by-environment interaction, while including related individuals in genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA) allows gene-by-environment interactions to be recovered in the heritability. These theoretical findings provide an explanation for the ''missing heritability'' problem and bridge the conceptual gap between the most common findings of GCTA and twin studies. Future studies may use the simulation model to test hypotheses about phenotypic complexity either in an exploratory way or by replicating well-established observations of specific phenotypes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421001796 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=504 [article] Simulated nonlinear genetic and environmental dynamics of complex traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael D. HUNTER, Auteur ; Kevin L. MCKEE, Auteur ; Eric TURKHEIMER, Auteur . - p.662-677. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 35-2 (May 2023) . - p.662-677 Mots-clés : behavior genetics  dynamical systems  GWAS  heritability  simulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Genetic studies of complex traits often show disparities in estimated heritability depending on the method used, whether by genomic associations or twin and family studies. We present a simulation of individual genomes with dynamic environmental conditions to consider how linear and nonlinear effects, gene-by-environment interactions, and gene-by-environment correlations may work together to govern the long-term development of complex traits and affect estimates of heritability from common methods. Our simulation studies demonstrate that the genetic effects estimated by genome wide association studies in unrelated individuals are inadequate to characterize gene-by-environment interaction, while including related individuals in genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA) allows gene-by-environment interactions to be recovered in the heritability. These theoretical findings provide an explanation for the ''missing heritability'' problem and bridge the conceptual gap between the most common findings of GCTA and twin studies. Future studies may use the simulation model to test hypotheses about phenotypic complexity either in an exploratory way or by replicating well-established observations of specific phenotypes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421001796 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=504

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