Brief Report: Autism in the Courtroom: Experiences of Legal Professionals and the Autism Community / Katie L. MARAS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-8 (August 2017) . - p.2610-2620 Titre : Brief Report: Autism in the Courtroom: Experiences of Legal Professionals and the Autism Community Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Sue MULCAHY, Auteur ; Tamsyn HAWKEN, Auteur ; Penny COOPER, Auteur ; David WURTZEL, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2610-2620 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Disability  Law  Courts  Solicitors  Criminal justice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Online surveys were used to sample the views of judges, barristers and solicitors (n?=?33) about their engagement with autistic individuals in criminal courts in England and Wales. Despite an understanding of some of the difficulties experienced by individuals with autism, and the adjustments suitable for supporting them, legal professionals reported constraints arising from a lack of understanding by others within the criminal justice system. These results are considered alongside the views and perspectives of autistic adults (n?=?9) and parents of children on the autism spectrum (n?=?19), who had encountered the criminal courts as witnesses or defendants and were largely dissatisfied with their experiences. Training, understanding and the provision of appropriate adjustments were identified as key issues by all respondent groups. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3162-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=315 [article] Brief Report: Autism in the Courtroom: Experiences of Legal Professionals and the Autism Community [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Sue MULCAHY, Auteur ; Tamsyn HAWKEN, Auteur ; Penny COOPER, Auteur ; David WURTZEL, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur . - p.2610-2620. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-8 (August 2017) . - p.2610-2620 Mots-clés : Autism  Disability  Law  Courts  Solicitors  Criminal justice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Online surveys were used to sample the views of judges, barristers and solicitors (n?=?33) about their engagement with autistic individuals in criminal courts in England and Wales. Despite an understanding of some of the difficulties experienced by individuals with autism, and the adjustments suitable for supporting them, legal professionals reported constraints arising from a lack of understanding by others within the criminal justice system. These results are considered alongside the views and perspectives of autistic adults (n?=?9) and parents of children on the autism spectrum (n?=?19), who had encountered the criminal courts as witnesses or defendants and were largely dissatisfied with their experiences. Training, understanding and the provision of appropriate adjustments were identified as key issues by all respondent groups. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3162-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=315

Brief report: Perceived credibility of autistic witnesses and the effect of diagnostic information on credibility ratings / Katie MARAS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 68 (December 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 68 (December 2019) . - p.101442 Titre : Brief report: Perceived credibility of autistic witnesses and the effect of diagnostic information on credibility ratings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katie MARAS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Ian WALKER, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.101442 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Witness  Credibility  Diagnosis disclosure  Interviewing  Jurors  Perceptions  Criminal justice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background People with autism spectrum disorder (henceforth, autism) exhibit a number of atypical behaviours that may be relied upon by jurors when making judgements about their credibility as witnesses. The current study aimed to: (1) examine whether autistic witnesses were perceived as less credible than typically developing (TD) witnesses, irrespective of the number of correct details they reported; and (2) determine whether mock jurors’ credibility ratings of autistic witnesses improved if they were aware of their autism diagnoses and were provided with information about autism. Method One-hundred-and-twenty-five mock jurors rated the credibility of video testimony of 17 autistic and 17 TD witness participants recalling an event. Half of the juror participants were informed that some of the witnesses were autistic and were provided with information about autism; the other half received no information about witnesses’ diagnoses. Results Contrary to predictions, autistic witnesses were seen to be as credible as TD witnesses when no information about their diagnosis was provided. However, when jurors were informed that a witness was autistic and were also provided with further information about autism, they were rated as slightly more credible than TD witnesses. Credibility ratings were only predicted by jurors’ prior knowledge/experience of autism when they were explicitly informed of witnesses’ autism diagnoses. Conclusions These results indicate that disclosing one’s autism diagnosis (alongside further information about autism) may result in a positive bias in terms of witnesses’ perceived credibility. Implications for jury instructions and future research directions are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408 [article] Brief report: Perceived credibility of autistic witnesses and the effect of diagnostic information on credibility ratings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katie MARAS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Ian WALKER, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur . - p.101442. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 68 (December 2019) . - p.101442 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Witness  Credibility  Diagnosis disclosure  Interviewing  Jurors  Perceptions  Criminal justice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background People with autism spectrum disorder (henceforth, autism) exhibit a number of atypical behaviours that may be relied upon by jurors when making judgements about their credibility as witnesses. The current study aimed to: (1) examine whether autistic witnesses were perceived as less credible than typically developing (TD) witnesses, irrespective of the number of correct details they reported; and (2) determine whether mock jurors’ credibility ratings of autistic witnesses improved if they were aware of their autism diagnoses and were provided with information about autism. Method One-hundred-and-twenty-five mock jurors rated the credibility of video testimony of 17 autistic and 17 TD witness participants recalling an event. Half of the juror participants were informed that some of the witnesses were autistic and were provided with information about autism; the other half received no information about witnesses’ diagnoses. Results Contrary to predictions, autistic witnesses were seen to be as credible as TD witnesses when no information about their diagnosis was provided. However, when jurors were informed that a witness was autistic and were also provided with further information about autism, they were rated as slightly more credible than TD witnesses. Credibility ratings were only predicted by jurors’ prior knowledge/experience of autism when they were explicitly informed of witnesses’ autism diagnoses. Conclusions These results indicate that disclosing one’s autism diagnosis (alongside further information about autism) may result in a positive bias in terms of witnesses’ perceived credibility. Implications for jury instructions and future research directions are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408

Experiences of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Policing in England and Wales: Surveying Police and the Autism Community / Laura CRANE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-6 (June 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-6 (June 2016) . - p.2028-2041 Titre : Experiences of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Policing in England and Wales: Surveying Police and the Autism Community Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Tamsyn HAWKEN, Auteur ; Sue MULCAHY, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2028-2041 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Police  Criminal justice system  Interviewing  Offending  Victimisation  Witness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An online survey gathered the experiences and views of 394 police officers (from England and Wales) regarding autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Just 42 % of officers were satisfied with how they had worked with individuals with ASD and reasons for this varied. Although officers acknowledged the need for adjustments, organisational/time constraints were cited as barriers. Whilst 37 % of officers had received training on ASD, a need for training tailored to policing roles (e.g., frontline officers, detectives) was identified. Police responses are discussed with respect to the experiences of the ASD community (31 adults with ASD, 49 parents), who were largely dissatisfied with their experience of the police and echoed the need for police training on ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2729-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288 [article] Experiences of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Policing in England and Wales: Surveying Police and the Autism Community [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Tamsyn HAWKEN, Auteur ; Sue MULCAHY, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur . - p.2028-2041. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-6 (June 2016) . - p.2028-2041 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Police  Criminal justice system  Interviewing  Offending  Victimisation  Witness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An online survey gathered the experiences and views of 394 police officers (from England and Wales) regarding autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Just 42 % of officers were satisfied with how they had worked with individuals with ASD and reasons for this varied. Although officers acknowledged the need for adjustments, organisational/time constraints were cited as barriers. Whilst 37 % of officers had received training on ASD, a need for training tailored to policing roles (e.g., frontline officers, detectives) was identified. Police responses are discussed with respect to the experiences of the ASD community (31 adults with ASD, 49 parents), who were largely dissatisfied with their experience of the police and echoed the need for police training on ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2729-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=288

Recall of a live and personally experienced eyewitness event by adults with autism spectrum disorder / Katie L. MARAS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-8 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-8 (August 2013) . - p.1798-1810 Titre : Recall of a live and personally experienced eyewitness event by adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur ; Anna LAMBRECHTS, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1798-1810 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Eyewitness  Self-enactment effect  Source monitoring  Memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of the present study was to (a) extend previous eyewitness research in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a live and personally experienced event; (b) examine whether witnesses with ASD demonstrate a facilitative effect in memory for self- over other-performed actions; (c) explore source monitoring abilities by witnesses with ASD in discriminating who performed which actions within the event. Eighteen high-functioning adults with ASD and 18 age- and IQ-matched typical counterparts participated in a live first aid scenario in which they and the experimenter each performed a number of actions. Participants were subsequently interviewed for their memory of the event using a standard interview procedure with free recall followed by questioning. The ASD group recalled just as many correct details as the comparison group from the event overall, however they made more errors. This was the case across both free recall and questioning phases. Both groups showed a self-enactment effect across both interview phases, recalling more actions that they had performed themselves than actions that the experimenter had performed. However, the ASD group were more likely than their typical comparisons to confuse the source of self-performed actions in free recall, but not in questioning, which may indicate executive functioning difficulties with unsupported test procedures. Findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1729-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=205 [article] Recall of a live and personally experienced eyewitness event by adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katie L. MARAS, Auteur ; Amina MEMON, Auteur ; Anna LAMBRECHTS, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur . - p.1798-1810. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-8 (August 2013) . - p.1798-1810 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Eyewitness  Self-enactment effect  Source monitoring  Memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of the present study was to (a) extend previous eyewitness research in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a live and personally experienced event; (b) examine whether witnesses with ASD demonstrate a facilitative effect in memory for self- over other-performed actions; (c) explore source monitoring abilities by witnesses with ASD in discriminating who performed which actions within the event. Eighteen high-functioning adults with ASD and 18 age- and IQ-matched typical counterparts participated in a live first aid scenario in which they and the experimenter each performed a number of actions. Participants were subsequently interviewed for their memory of the event using a standard interview procedure with free recall followed by questioning. The ASD group recalled just as many correct details as the comparison group from the event overall, however they made more errors. This was the case across both free recall and questioning phases. Both groups showed a self-enactment effect across both interview phases, recalling more actions that they had performed themselves than actions that the experimenter had performed. However, the ASD group were more likely than their typical comparisons to confuse the source of self-performed actions in free recall, but not in questioning, which may indicate executive functioning difficulties with unsupported test procedures. Findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1729-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=205

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