Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Action Prediction in Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Condition / Tobias SCHUWERK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-12 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-12 (December 2016) . - p.3623-3639 Titre : Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Action Prediction in Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Condition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias SCHUWERK, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur ; Markus PAULUS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3623-3639 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anticipatory looking  Action prediction  Teleological reasoning  Autism spectrum condition  Statistical learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent research suggests that impaired action prediction is at the core of social interaction deficits in autism spectrum condition (ASC). Here, we targeted two cognitive mechanisms that are thought to underlie the prediction of others’ actions: statistical learning and efficiency considerations. We measured proactive eye movements of 10-year-old children and adults with and without ASC in anticipation of an agent’s repeatedly presented action. Participants with ASC showed a generally weaker tendency to generate action predictions. Further analyses revealed that statistical learning led to systematic accurate action predictions in the control groups. Participants with ASC were impaired in their ability to use frequency information for action predictions. Our findings inform etiological models of impaired social interaction in ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2899-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297 [article] Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Action Prediction in Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Condition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias SCHUWERK, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur ; Markus PAULUS, Auteur . - p.3623-3639. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-12 (December 2016) . - p.3623-3639 Mots-clés : Anticipatory looking  Action prediction  Teleological reasoning  Autism spectrum condition  Statistical learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent research suggests that impaired action prediction is at the core of social interaction deficits in autism spectrum condition (ASC). Here, we targeted two cognitive mechanisms that are thought to underlie the prediction of others’ actions: statistical learning and efficiency considerations. We measured proactive eye movements of 10-year-old children and adults with and without ASC in anticipation of an agent’s repeatedly presented action. Participants with ASC showed a generally weaker tendency to generate action predictions. Further analyses revealed that statistical learning led to systematic accurate action predictions in the control groups. Participants with ASC were impaired in their ability to use frequency information for action predictions. Our findings inform etiological models of impaired social interaction in ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2899-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297

Differences in self-other control as cognitive mechanism to characterize theory of mind reasoning in autistic and non-autistic adults / Tobias SCHUWERK in Autism Research, 16-9 (September 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-9 (September 2023) . - p.1728-1738 Titre : Differences in self-other control as cognitive mechanism to characterize theory of mind reasoning in autistic and non-autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias SCHUWERK, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1728-1738 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In cognitive science, altered Theory of Mind is a central pillar of etiological models of autism. Yet, recent evidence, showing comparable Theory of Mind abilities in autistic and non-autistic people, draws a more complex picture and renders previous descriptions of Theory of Mind abilities in autism and their role in autistic symptomatology insufficient. Here, we addressed self-other control as a potential candidate cognitive mechanism to explain subtle Theory of Mind reasoning differences between autistic and non-autistic adults. We investigated flexible shifting between another's and one's own congruent or incongruent points of view, an ability that is important for reciprocal social interaction. Measuring response accuracy and reaction time in a multiple-trial unexpected location false belief task, we found evidence for altered self-other control in Theory of Mind reasoning in autistic adults, with a relative difficulty in flexibly considering the other's perspective and less interference of the other's incongruent viewpoint when their own perspective is considered. Our results add to previous findings that social cognitive differences are there but subtle and constitute one step further in characterizing Theory of Mind reasoning in autism and explaining communication and interaction difficulties with non-autistic people in everyday life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2976 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510 [article] Differences in self-other control as cognitive mechanism to characterize theory of mind reasoning in autistic and non-autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias SCHUWERK, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur . - p.1728-1738. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-9 (September 2023) . - p.1728-1738 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract In cognitive science, altered Theory of Mind is a central pillar of etiological models of autism. Yet, recent evidence, showing comparable Theory of Mind abilities in autistic and non-autistic people, draws a more complex picture and renders previous descriptions of Theory of Mind abilities in autism and their role in autistic symptomatology insufficient. Here, we addressed self-other control as a potential candidate cognitive mechanism to explain subtle Theory of Mind reasoning differences between autistic and non-autistic adults. We investigated flexible shifting between another's and one's own congruent or incongruent points of view, an ability that is important for reciprocal social interaction. Measuring response accuracy and reaction time in a multiple-trial unexpected location false belief task, we found evidence for altered self-other control in Theory of Mind reasoning in autistic adults, with a relative difficulty in flexibly considering the other's perspective and less interference of the other's incongruent viewpoint when their own perspective is considered. Our results add to previous findings that social cognitive differences are there but subtle and constitute one step further in characterizing Theory of Mind reasoning in autism and explaining communication and interaction difficulties with non-autistic people in everyday life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2976 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510

Do Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Condition Anticipate Others' Actions as Goal-Directed? A Predictive Coding Perspective / Kerstin GANGLMAYER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-6 (June 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-6 (June 2020) . - p.2077-2089 Titre : Do Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Condition Anticipate Others' Actions as Goal-Directed? A Predictive Coding Perspective Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kerstin GANGLMAYER, Auteur ; Tobias SCHUWERK, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur ; Markus PAULUS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2077-2089 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum condition  Cognitive processes  Eye-tracking  Goal anticipation  Predictive coding  Social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An action's end state can be anticipated by considering the agent's goal, or simply by projecting the movement trajectory. Theories suggest that individuals with autism spectrum condition (ASC) have difficulties anticipating other's goal-directed actions, caused by an impairment using prior information. We examined whether children, adolescents and adults with and without ASC visually anticipate another's action based on its goal or movement trajectory by presenting participants an agent repeatedly taking different paths to reach the same of two targets. The ASC group anticipated the goal and not just the movement pattern, but needed more time to perform goal-directed anticipations. Results are in line with predictive coding accounts, claiming that the use of prior information is impaired in ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03964-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 [article] Do Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Condition Anticipate Others' Actions as Goal-Directed? A Predictive Coding Perspective [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kerstin GANGLMAYER, Auteur ; Tobias SCHUWERK, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur ; Markus PAULUS, Auteur . - p.2077-2089. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-6 (June 2020) . - p.2077-2089 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum condition  Cognitive processes  Eye-tracking  Goal anticipation  Predictive coding  Social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An action's end state can be anticipated by considering the agent's goal, or simply by projecting the movement trajectory. Theories suggest that individuals with autism spectrum condition (ASC) have difficulties anticipating other's goal-directed actions, caused by an impairment using prior information. We examined whether children, adolescents and adults with and without ASC visually anticipate another's action based on its goal or movement trajectory by presenting participants an agent repeatedly taking different paths to reach the same of two targets. The ASC group anticipated the goal and not just the movement pattern, but needed more time to perform goal-directed anticipations. Results are in line with predictive coding accounts, claiming that the use of prior information is impaired in ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03964-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425

“I love the cute caterpillar!” autistic children's production of internal state language across contexts and relations to Joint Attention and theory of mind / Susanne KRISTEN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 12 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 12 (April 2015) . - p.22-33 Titre : “I love the cute caterpillar!” autistic children's production of internal state language across contexts and relations to Joint Attention and theory of mind Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susanne KRISTEN, Auteur ; Maria VUORI, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.22-33 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Internal state language  Joint attention  Theory of mind  Context effects Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Research on internal state language in autistic children reveals an uneven pattern. While some studies show that high-ability autistic children are impaired across a broad range of internal state term categories (e.g., desires, emotions and cognitive terms), other research shows that autistic children are more selectively impaired in their talk about cognitive states. Finally, some studies even demonstrate no impairments. The different findings have largely been explained by context effects. However, to date, studies have yet to compare the same children across different contexts to corroborate this interpretation. Further, studies involving contexts where autistic children's reactivity is actively triggered by providing clear joint attention cues or by exploiting autistic children's intense interest in objects are lacking. Thus, this study tested internal state language from different categories across three different contexts (narrative context, motivating mechanical toy context, elicited interactive joint attention context) and related it to joint attention skills and children's theory of mind. Results revealed that deficits in autistic children's internal state language were highly specific and relation to theory of mind varied by context. In sum, this research suggests that both theorists and practitioners need to take into account context when studying or promoting autistic individuals’ psychological comprehension. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.12.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] “I love the cute caterpillar!” autistic children's production of internal state language across contexts and relations to Joint Attention and theory of mind [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susanne KRISTEN, Auteur ; Maria VUORI, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur . - p.22-33. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 12 (April 2015) . - p.22-33 Mots-clés : Internal state language  Joint attention  Theory of mind  Context effects Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Research on internal state language in autistic children reveals an uneven pattern. While some studies show that high-ability autistic children are impaired across a broad range of internal state term categories (e.g., desires, emotions and cognitive terms), other research shows that autistic children are more selectively impaired in their talk about cognitive states. Finally, some studies even demonstrate no impairments. The different findings have largely been explained by context effects. However, to date, studies have yet to compare the same children across different contexts to corroborate this interpretation. Further, studies involving contexts where autistic children's reactivity is actively triggered by providing clear joint attention cues or by exploiting autistic children's intense interest in objects are lacking. Thus, this study tested internal state language from different categories across three different contexts (narrative context, motivating mechanical toy context, elicited interactive joint attention context) and related it to joint attention skills and children's theory of mind. Results revealed that deficits in autistic children's internal state language were highly specific and relation to theory of mind varied by context. In sum, this research suggests that both theorists and practitioners need to take into account context when studying or promoting autistic individuals’ psychological comprehension. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.12.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Implicit and explicit Theory of Mind reasoning in autism spectrum disorders: The impact of experience / Tobias SCHUWERK in Autism, 19-4 (May 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 19-4 (May 2015) . - p.459-468 Titre : Implicit and explicit Theory of Mind reasoning in autism spectrum disorders: The impact of experience Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias SCHUWERK, Auteur ; Maria VUORI, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.459-468 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to investigate the relationship between explicit and implicit forms of Theory of Mind reasoning and to test the influence of experience on implicit Theory of Mind reasoning in individuals with autism spectrum disorders and in neurotypical adults. Results from two standard explicit Theory of Mind tasks are mixed: Individuals with autism spectrum disorders did not differ from neurotypical adults in their performance in the Strange Stories Test, but scored significantly lower on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test. Furthermore, in an implicit false-belief task, individuals with autism spectrum disorders differed from neurotypical adults in false belief–congruent anticipatory looking. However, this group difference disappeared by (1) providing participants with the outcome of a false belief–based action and (2) subsequently repeating this test trial. Although the tendency to fixate the false belief–congruent location significantly increased from the first to the second test trial in individuals with autism spectrum disorders, it differed in neither test trial from chance. These findings support the notion of an implicit Theory of Mind deficit in autism spectrum disorders, but give rise to the idea that anticipatory looking behaviors in autism spectrum disorders may be affected by experience. Additionally, the pattern of results from implicit and explicit Theory of Mind measures supports the theory of two independent Theory of Mind reasoning systems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361314526004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257 [article] Implicit and explicit Theory of Mind reasoning in autism spectrum disorders: The impact of experience [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias SCHUWERK, Auteur ; Maria VUORI, Auteur ; Beate SODIAN, Auteur . - p.459-468. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 19-4 (May 2015) . - p.459-468 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to investigate the relationship between explicit and implicit forms of Theory of Mind reasoning and to test the influence of experience on implicit Theory of Mind reasoning in individuals with autism spectrum disorders and in neurotypical adults. Results from two standard explicit Theory of Mind tasks are mixed: Individuals with autism spectrum disorders did not differ from neurotypical adults in their performance in the Strange Stories Test, but scored significantly lower on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test. Furthermore, in an implicit false-belief task, individuals with autism spectrum disorders differed from neurotypical adults in false belief–congruent anticipatory looking. However, this group difference disappeared by (1) providing participants with the outcome of a false belief–based action and (2) subsequently repeating this test trial. Although the tendency to fixate the false belief–congruent location significantly increased from the first to the second test trial in individuals with autism spectrum disorders, it differed in neither test trial from chance. These findings support the notion of an implicit Theory of Mind deficit in autism spectrum disorders, but give rise to the idea that anticipatory looking behaviors in autism spectrum disorders may be affected by experience. Additionally, the pattern of results from implicit and explicit Theory of Mind measures supports the theory of two independent Theory of Mind reasoning systems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361314526004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257

Referential gaze and word learning in adults with autism / Iyad ALDAQRE in Autism, 19-8 (November 2015)  

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Theory of own mind and autobiographical memory in adults with ASD / Susanne KRISTEN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8-7 (July 2014)  

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