Posterior structural brain volumes differ in maltreated youth with and without chronic posttraumatic stress disorder / Michael D. DE BELLIS in Development and Psychopathology, 27-4 (Part 2) (November 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 27-4 (Part 2) (November 2015) . - p.1555-1576 Titre : Posterior structural brain volumes differ in maltreated youth with and without chronic posttraumatic stress disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Michael D. DE BELLIS, Auteur ; Stephen R. HOOPER, Auteur ; Steven D. CHEN, Auteur ; James M. PROVENZALE, Auteur ; Brian D. BOYD, Auteur ; Christopher E. GLESSNER, Auteur ; James R. MACFALL, Auteur ; Martha E. PAYNE, Auteur ; Robert RYBCZYNSKI, Auteur ; Donald P. WOOLLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1555-1576 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Magnetic resonance imaging studies of maltreated children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that maltreatment-related PTSD is associated with adverse brain development. Maltreated youth resilient to chronic PTSD were not previously investigated and may elucidate neuromechanisms of the stress diathesis that leads to resilience to chronic PTSD. In this cross-sectional study, anatomical volumetric and corpus callosum diffusion tensor imaging measures were examined using magnetic resonance imaging in maltreated youth with chronic PTSD (N = 38), without PTSD (N = 35), and nonmaltreated participants (n = 59). Groups were sociodemographically similar. Participants underwent assessments for strict inclusion/exclusion criteria and psychopathology. Maltreated youth with PTSD were psychobiologically different from maltreated youth without PTSD and nonmaltreated controls. Maltreated youth with PTSD had smaller posterior cerebral and cerebellar gray matter volumes than did maltreated youth without PTSD and nonmaltreated participants. Cerebral and cerebellar gray matter volumes inversely correlated with PTSD symptoms. Posterior corpus callosum microstructure in pediatric maltreatment-related PTSD differed compared to maltreated youth without PTSD and controls. The group differences remained significant when controlling for psychopathology, numbers of Axis I disorders, and trauma load. Alterations of these posterior brain structures may result from a shared trauma-related mechanism or an inherent vulnerability that mediates the pathway from chronic PTSD to comorbidity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579415000942 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Posterior structural brain volumes differ in maltreated youth with and without chronic posttraumatic stress disorder [texte imprimé] / Michael D. DE BELLIS, Auteur ; Stephen R. HOOPER, Auteur ; Steven D. CHEN, Auteur ; James M. PROVENZALE, Auteur ; Brian D. BOYD, Auteur ; Christopher E. GLESSNER, Auteur ; James R. MACFALL, Auteur ; Martha E. PAYNE, Auteur ; Robert RYBCZYNSKI, Auteur ; Donald P. WOOLLEY, Auteur . - p.1555-1576. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 27-4 (Part 2) (November 2015) . - p.1555-1576 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Magnetic resonance imaging studies of maltreated children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that maltreatment-related PTSD is associated with adverse brain development. Maltreated youth resilient to chronic PTSD were not previously investigated and may elucidate neuromechanisms of the stress diathesis that leads to resilience to chronic PTSD. In this cross-sectional study, anatomical volumetric and corpus callosum diffusion tensor imaging measures were examined using magnetic resonance imaging in maltreated youth with chronic PTSD (N = 38), without PTSD (N = 35), and nonmaltreated participants (n = 59). Groups were sociodemographically similar. Participants underwent assessments for strict inclusion/exclusion criteria and psychopathology. Maltreated youth with PTSD were psychobiologically different from maltreated youth without PTSD and nonmaltreated controls. Maltreated youth with PTSD had smaller posterior cerebral and cerebellar gray matter volumes than did maltreated youth without PTSD and nonmaltreated participants. Cerebral and cerebellar gray matter volumes inversely correlated with PTSD symptoms. Posterior corpus callosum microstructure in pediatric maltreatment-related PTSD differed compared to maltreated youth without PTSD and controls. The group differences remained significant when controlling for psychopathology, numbers of Axis I disorders, and trauma load. Alterations of these posterior brain structures may result from a shared trauma-related mechanism or an inherent vulnerability that mediates the pathway from chronic PTSD to comorbidity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579415000942 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Teasing apart the heterogeneity of autism: Same behavior, different brains in toddlers with fragile X syndrome and autism / Heather C. HAZLETT in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.81-90 Titre : Teasing apart the heterogeneity of autism: Same behavior, different brains in toddlers with fragile X syndrome and autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Heather C. HAZLETT, Auteur ; Michele D. POE, Auteur ; Amy A. LIGHTBODY, Auteur ; Guido GERIG, Auteur ; James R. MACFALL, Auteur ; Allison K. ROSS, Auteur ; James PROVENZALE, Auteur ; Andrés MARTIN, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur ; Joseph PIVEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.81-90 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Amygdala  Autism  Brain volume  Caudate  Children  Fragile X syndrome  Structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To examine brain volumes in substructures associated with the behavioral features of children with FXS compared to children with idiopathic autism and controls. A cross-sectional study of brain substructures was conducted at the first time-point as part of an ongoing longitudinal MRI study of brain development in FXS. The study included 52 boys between 18-42 months of age with FXS and 118 comparison children (boys with autism-non FXS, developmental-delay, and typical development). Children with FXS and autistic disorder had substantially enlarged caudate volume and smaller amygdala volume; whereas those children with autistic disorder without FXS (i.e., idiopathic autism) had only modest enlargement in their caudate nucleus volumes but more robust enlargement of their amygdala volumes. Although we observed this double dissociation among selected brain volumes, no significant differences in severity of autistic behavior between these groups were observed. This study offers a unique examination of early brain development in two disorders, FXS and idiopathic autism, with overlapping behavioral features, but two distinct patterns of brain morphology. We observed that despite almost a third of our FXS sample meeting criteria for autism, the profile of brain volume differences for children with FXS and autism differed from those with idiopathic autism. These findings underscore the importance of addressing heterogeneity in studies of autistic behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9009-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] Teasing apart the heterogeneity of autism: Same behavior, different brains in toddlers with fragile X syndrome and autism [texte imprimé] / Heather C. HAZLETT, Auteur ; Michele D. POE, Auteur ; Amy A. LIGHTBODY, Auteur ; Guido GERIG, Auteur ; James R. MACFALL, Auteur ; Allison K. ROSS, Auteur ; James PROVENZALE, Auteur ; Andrés MARTIN, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur ; Joseph PIVEN, Auteur . - p.81-90. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.81-90 Mots-clés : Amygdala  Autism  Brain volume  Caudate  Children  Fragile X syndrome  Structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To examine brain volumes in substructures associated with the behavioral features of children with FXS compared to children with idiopathic autism and controls. A cross-sectional study of brain substructures was conducted at the first time-point as part of an ongoing longitudinal MRI study of brain development in FXS. The study included 52 boys between 18-42 months of age with FXS and 118 comparison children (boys with autism-non FXS, developmental-delay, and typical development). Children with FXS and autistic disorder had substantially enlarged caudate volume and smaller amygdala volume; whereas those children with autistic disorder without FXS (i.e., idiopathic autism) had only modest enlargement in their caudate nucleus volumes but more robust enlargement of their amygdala volumes. Although we observed this double dissociation among selected brain volumes, no significant differences in severity of autistic behavior between these groups were observed. This study offers a unique examination of early brain development in two disorders, FXS and idiopathic autism, with overlapping behavioral features, but two distinct patterns of brain morphology. We observed that despite almost a third of our FXS sample meeting criteria for autism, the profile of brain volume differences for children with FXS and autism differed from those with idiopathic autism. These findings underscore the importance of addressing heterogeneity in studies of autistic behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9009-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341

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