Dépouillements

Cover essay / M. ANTLIFF in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.1 Titre : Cover essay Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. ANTLIFF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-008-9002-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] Cover essay [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. ANTLIFF, Auteur . - p.1. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.1 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-008-9002-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341

Foreword for inaugural issue of Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders / T. R. INSEL in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.2-3 Titre : Foreword for inaugural issue of Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. R. INSEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2-3 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9005-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] Foreword for inaugural issue of Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. R. INSEL, Auteur . - p.2-3. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.2-3 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9005-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341

Anxiety disorders in children with williams syndrome, their mothers, and their siblings: implications for the etiology of anxiety disorders / O. LEYFER in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.4-14 Titre : Anxiety disorders in children with williams syndrome, their mothers, and their siblings: implications for the etiology of anxiety disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : O. LEYFER, Auteur ; J. WOODRUFF-BORDEN, Auteur ; C. B. MERVIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4-14 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  Family  Genetics  Intellectual disability  Mental retardation  Williams syndrome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of anxiety disorders in children with Williams syndrome (WS), their sibling closest in age, and their mothers and to examine the predictors of anxiety in these groups. METHODS: The prevalence of anxiety disorders was assessed and compared to that in the general population. RESULTS: Children with WS had a significantly higher prevalence of specific phobia, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and separation anxiety in comparison to children in the general population. While mothers had a higher prevalence of GAD than population controls, the excess was accounted for by mothers who had onset after the birth of their WS child. The siblings had rates similar to the general population. CONCLUSIONS: This pattern of findings suggests the presence of a gene in the WS region whose deletion predisposes to anxiety disorders. It is also worthwhile to investigate relations between genes deleted in WS and genes previously implicated in anxiety disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9003-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] Anxiety disorders in children with williams syndrome, their mothers, and their siblings: implications for the etiology of anxiety disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / O. LEYFER, Auteur ; J. WOODRUFF-BORDEN, Auteur ; C. B. MERVIS, Auteur . - p.4-14. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.4-14 Mots-clés : Anxiety  Family  Genetics  Intellectual disability  Mental retardation  Williams syndrome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of anxiety disorders in children with Williams syndrome (WS), their sibling closest in age, and their mothers and to examine the predictors of anxiety in these groups. METHODS: The prevalence of anxiety disorders was assessed and compared to that in the general population. RESULTS: Children with WS had a significantly higher prevalence of specific phobia, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and separation anxiety in comparison to children in the general population. While mothers had a higher prevalence of GAD than population controls, the excess was accounted for by mothers who had onset after the birth of their WS child. The siblings had rates similar to the general population. CONCLUSIONS: This pattern of findings suggests the presence of a gene in the WS region whose deletion predisposes to anxiety disorders. It is also worthwhile to investigate relations between genes deleted in WS and genes previously implicated in anxiety disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9003-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341

Deficient maternal care resulting from immunological stress during pregnancy is associated with a sex-dependent enhancement of conditioned fear in the offspring / S. SCHWENDENER in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.15-32 Titre : Deficient maternal care resulting from immunological stress during pregnancy is associated with a sex-dependent enhancement of conditioned fear in the offspring Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. SCHWENDENER, Auteur ; U. MEYER, Auteur ; J. FELDON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.15-32 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Activation of maternal stress response systems during pregnancy has been associated with altered postpartum maternal care and subsequent abnormalities in the offspring's brain and behavioral development. It remains unknown, however, whether similar effects may be induced by exposure to immunological stress during pregnancy. The present study was designed to address this issue in a mouse model of prenatal immune activation by the viral mimic polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (PolyI:C). Pregnant mice were exposed to PolyI:C-induced immune challenge or sham treatment, and offspring born to PolyI:C- and sham-treated dams were simultaneously cross-fostered to surrogate rearing mothers, which had either experienced inflammatory or vehicle treatment during pregnancy. We evaluated the effects of the maternal immunological manipulation on postpartum maternal behavior, and we assessed the prenatal and postnatal maternal influences on anxiety- and fear-related behavior in the offspring at the peri-adolescent and adult stage of development. We found that PolyI:C treatment during pregnancy led to changes in postpartum maternal behavior in the form of reduced pup licking/grooming and increased nest building activity. Furthermore, the adoption of neonates by surrogate rearing mothers, which had experienced PolyI:C-induced immunological stress during pregnancy, led to enhanced conditioned fear in the peri-adolescent and adult offspring, an effect that was exclusively seen in female but not male subjects. Unconditioned (innate) anxiety-related behavior as assessed in the elevated plus maze and open field explorations tests were not affected by the prenatal and postnatal manipulations. Our results thus highlight that being raised by gestationally immune-challenged surrogate mothers increases the vulnerability for specific forms of fear-related behavioral pathology in later life, and that this association may be mediated by deficits in postpartum maternal care. This may have important implications for the identification and characterization of early-life risk factors involved in the developmental etiology of fear-related neuropsychiatric disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-008-9000-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] Deficient maternal care resulting from immunological stress during pregnancy is associated with a sex-dependent enhancement of conditioned fear in the offspring [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. SCHWENDENER, Auteur ; U. MEYER, Auteur ; J. FELDON, Auteur . - p.15-32. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.15-32 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Activation of maternal stress response systems during pregnancy has been associated with altered postpartum maternal care and subsequent abnormalities in the offspring's brain and behavioral development. It remains unknown, however, whether similar effects may be induced by exposure to immunological stress during pregnancy. The present study was designed to address this issue in a mouse model of prenatal immune activation by the viral mimic polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (PolyI:C). Pregnant mice were exposed to PolyI:C-induced immune challenge or sham treatment, and offspring born to PolyI:C- and sham-treated dams were simultaneously cross-fostered to surrogate rearing mothers, which had either experienced inflammatory or vehicle treatment during pregnancy. We evaluated the effects of the maternal immunological manipulation on postpartum maternal behavior, and we assessed the prenatal and postnatal maternal influences on anxiety- and fear-related behavior in the offspring at the peri-adolescent and adult stage of development. We found that PolyI:C treatment during pregnancy led to changes in postpartum maternal behavior in the form of reduced pup licking/grooming and increased nest building activity. Furthermore, the adoption of neonates by surrogate rearing mothers, which had experienced PolyI:C-induced immunological stress during pregnancy, led to enhanced conditioned fear in the peri-adolescent and adult offspring, an effect that was exclusively seen in female but not male subjects. Unconditioned (innate) anxiety-related behavior as assessed in the elevated plus maze and open field explorations tests were not affected by the prenatal and postnatal manipulations. Our results thus highlight that being raised by gestationally immune-challenged surrogate mothers increases the vulnerability for specific forms of fear-related behavioral pathology in later life, and that this association may be mediated by deficits in postpartum maternal care. This may have important implications for the identification and characterization of early-life risk factors involved in the developmental etiology of fear-related neuropsychiatric disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-008-9000-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341

A solution to limitations of cognitive testing in children with intellectual disabilities: the case of fragile X syndrome / D. HESSL in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.33-45 Titre : A solution to limitations of cognitive testing in children with intellectual disabilities: the case of fragile X syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. HESSL, Auteur ; D. V. NGUYEN, Auteur ; C. GREEN, Auteur ; Alyssa D. CHAVEZ, Auteur ; F. TASSONE, Auteur ; Randi J. HAGERMAN, Auteur ; D. SENTURK, Auteur ; A. SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; A. LIGHTBODY, Auteur ; A. L. REISS, Auteur ; S. HALL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.33-45 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Assessment  FMR1 gene  Fmrp  Iq  Mental retardation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Intelligence testing in children with intellectual disabilities (ID) has significant limitations. The normative samples of widely used intelligence tests, such as the Wechsler Intelligence Scales, rarely include an adequate number of subjects with ID needed to provide sensitive measurement in the very low ability range, and they are highly subject to floor effects. The IQ measurement problems in these children prevent characterization of strengths and weaknesses, poorer estimates of cognitive abilities in research applications, and in clinical settings, limited utility for assessment, prognosis estimation, and planning intervention. Here, we examined the sensitivity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III) in a large sample of children with fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common cause of inherited ID. The WISC-III was administered to 217 children with FXS (age 6-17 years, 83 girls and 134 boys). Using raw norms data obtained with permission from the Psychological Corporation, we calculated normalized scores representing each participant's actual deviation from the standardization sample using a z-score transformation. To validate this approach, we compared correlations between the new normalized scores versus the usual standard scores with a measure of adaptive behavior (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales) and with a genetic measure specific to FXS (FMR1 protein or FMRP). The distribution of WISC-III standard scores showed significant skewing with floor effects in a high proportion of participants, especially males (64.9%-94.0% across subtests). With the z-score normalization, the flooring problems were eliminated and scores were normally distributed. Furthermore, we found correlations between cognitive performance and adaptive behavior, and between cognition and FMRP that were very much improved when using these normalized scores in contrast to the usual standardized scores. The results of this study show that meaningful variation in intellectual ability in children with FXS, and probably other populations of children with neurodevelopmental disorders, is obscured by the usual translation of raw scores into standardized scores. A method of raw score transformation may improve the characterization of cognitive functioning in ID populations, especially for research applications. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-008-9001-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] A solution to limitations of cognitive testing in children with intellectual disabilities: the case of fragile X syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. HESSL, Auteur ; D. V. NGUYEN, Auteur ; C. GREEN, Auteur ; Alyssa D. CHAVEZ, Auteur ; F. TASSONE, Auteur ; Randi J. HAGERMAN, Auteur ; D. SENTURK, Auteur ; A. SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; A. LIGHTBODY, Auteur ; A. L. REISS, Auteur ; S. HALL, Auteur . - p.33-45. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.33-45 Mots-clés : Assessment  FMR1 gene  Fmrp  Iq  Mental retardation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Intelligence testing in children with intellectual disabilities (ID) has significant limitations. The normative samples of widely used intelligence tests, such as the Wechsler Intelligence Scales, rarely include an adequate number of subjects with ID needed to provide sensitive measurement in the very low ability range, and they are highly subject to floor effects. The IQ measurement problems in these children prevent characterization of strengths and weaknesses, poorer estimates of cognitive abilities in research applications, and in clinical settings, limited utility for assessment, prognosis estimation, and planning intervention. Here, we examined the sensitivity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III) in a large sample of children with fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common cause of inherited ID. The WISC-III was administered to 217 children with FXS (age 6-17 years, 83 girls and 134 boys). Using raw norms data obtained with permission from the Psychological Corporation, we calculated normalized scores representing each participant's actual deviation from the standardization sample using a z-score transformation. To validate this approach, we compared correlations between the new normalized scores versus the usual standard scores with a measure of adaptive behavior (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales) and with a genetic measure specific to FXS (FMR1 protein or FMRP). The distribution of WISC-III standard scores showed significant skewing with floor effects in a high proportion of participants, especially males (64.9%-94.0% across subtests). With the z-score normalization, the flooring problems were eliminated and scores were normally distributed. Furthermore, we found correlations between cognitive performance and adaptive behavior, and between cognition and FMRP that were very much improved when using these normalized scores in contrast to the usual standardized scores. The results of this study show that meaningful variation in intellectual ability in children with FXS, and probably other populations of children with neurodevelopmental disorders, is obscured by the usual translation of raw scores into standardized scores. A method of raw score transformation may improve the characterization of cognitive functioning in ID populations, especially for research applications. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-008-9001-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341

Visuospatial working memory in children and adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome; an fMRI study / R. AZUMA in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.46-60 Titre : Visuospatial working memory in children and adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome; an fMRI study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. AZUMA, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Linda E. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; A. F. STEVENS, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; V. GIAMPIETRO, Auteur ; Michael BRAMMER, Auteur ; B. GLASER, Auteur ; F. Z. AMBERY, Auteur ; R. G. MORRIS, Auteur ; S. C. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; M. J. OWEN, Auteur ; D. G. MURPHY, Auteur ; K. C. MURPHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.46-60 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a genetic disorder associated with a microdeletion of chromosome 22q11. In addition to high rates of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children with 22q11DS have a specific neuropsychological profile with particular deficits in visuospatial and working memory. However, the neurobiological substrate underlying these deficits is poorly understood. We investigated brain function during a visuospatial working memory (SWM) task in eight children with 22q11DS and 13 healthy controls, using fMRI. Both groups showed task-related activation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and bilateral parietal association cortices. Controls activated parietal and occipital regions significantly more than those with 22q11DS but there was no significant between-group difference in DLPFC. In addition, while controls had a significant age-related increase in the activation of posterior brain regions and an age-related decrease in anterior regions, the 22q11DS children showed the opposite pattern. Genetically determined differences in the development of specific brain systems may underpin the cognitive deficits in 22q11DS, and may contribute to the later development of neuropsychiatric disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9008-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] Visuospatial working memory in children and adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome; an fMRI study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. AZUMA, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Linda E. CAMPBELL, Auteur ; A. F. STEVENS, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; V. GIAMPIETRO, Auteur ; Michael BRAMMER, Auteur ; B. GLASER, Auteur ; F. Z. AMBERY, Auteur ; R. G. MORRIS, Auteur ; S. C. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; M. J. OWEN, Auteur ; D. G. MURPHY, Auteur ; K. C. MURPHY, Auteur . - p.46-60. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.46-60 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a genetic disorder associated with a microdeletion of chromosome 22q11. In addition to high rates of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children with 22q11DS have a specific neuropsychological profile with particular deficits in visuospatial and working memory. However, the neurobiological substrate underlying these deficits is poorly understood. We investigated brain function during a visuospatial working memory (SWM) task in eight children with 22q11DS and 13 healthy controls, using fMRI. Both groups showed task-related activation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and bilateral parietal association cortices. Controls activated parietal and occipital regions significantly more than those with 22q11DS but there was no significant between-group difference in DLPFC. In addition, while controls had a significant age-related increase in the activation of posterior brain regions and an age-related decrease in anterior regions, the 22q11DS children showed the opposite pattern. Genetically determined differences in the development of specific brain systems may underpin the cognitive deficits in 22q11DS, and may contribute to the later development of neuropsychiatric disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9008-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341

Functional magnetic resonance imaging outcomes from a comprehensive magnetic resonance study of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders / S. J. ASTLEY in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.61-80 Titre : Functional magnetic resonance imaging outcomes from a comprehensive magnetic resonance study of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. J. ASTLEY, Auteur ; Elizabeth H. AYLWARD, Auteur ; H. C. OLSON, Auteur ; K. KERNS, Auteur ; A. BROOKS, Auteur ; T. E. COGGINS, Auteur ; J. DAVIES, Auteur ; S. DORN, Auteur ; B. GENDLER, Auteur ; T. JIRIKOWIC, Auteur ; P. KRAEGEL, Auteur ; K. MARAVILLA, Auteur ; T. RICHARDS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.61-80 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A comprehensive neuropsychological/psychiatric, MR imaging, (MRI), MR spectroscopy (MRS), and functional MRI (fMRI) assessment was administered to children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) to determine if global and/or focal abnormalities could be identified, and distinguish diagnostic subclassifications across the spectrum. The four study groups included: 1. FAS/Partial FAS; 2. Static Encephalopathy/Alcohol Exposed (SE/AE); 3. Neurobehavioral Disorder/Alcohol Exposed (ND/AE); and 4. healthy peers with no prenatal alcohol exposure. fMRI outcomes are reported here. The neuropsychological/psychiatric, MRI, and MRS outcomes are reported separately. fMRI was used to assess activation in seven brain regions during performance of N-back working memory tasks. Children across the full spectrum of FASD exhibited significant working memory deficits and altered activation patterns in brain regions that are known to be involved in working memory. These results demonstrate the potential research and diagnostic value of this non-invasive MR tool in the field of FASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9004-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] Functional magnetic resonance imaging outcomes from a comprehensive magnetic resonance study of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. J. ASTLEY, Auteur ; Elizabeth H. AYLWARD, Auteur ; H. C. OLSON, Auteur ; K. KERNS, Auteur ; A. BROOKS, Auteur ; T. E. COGGINS, Auteur ; J. DAVIES, Auteur ; S. DORN, Auteur ; B. GENDLER, Auteur ; T. JIRIKOWIC, Auteur ; P. KRAEGEL, Auteur ; K. MARAVILLA, Auteur ; T. RICHARDS, Auteur . - p.61-80. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.61-80 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A comprehensive neuropsychological/psychiatric, MR imaging, (MRI), MR spectroscopy (MRS), and functional MRI (fMRI) assessment was administered to children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) to determine if global and/or focal abnormalities could be identified, and distinguish diagnostic subclassifications across the spectrum. The four study groups included: 1. FAS/Partial FAS; 2. Static Encephalopathy/Alcohol Exposed (SE/AE); 3. Neurobehavioral Disorder/Alcohol Exposed (ND/AE); and 4. healthy peers with no prenatal alcohol exposure. fMRI outcomes are reported here. The neuropsychological/psychiatric, MRI, and MRS outcomes are reported separately. fMRI was used to assess activation in seven brain regions during performance of N-back working memory tasks. Children across the full spectrum of FASD exhibited significant working memory deficits and altered activation patterns in brain regions that are known to be involved in working memory. These results demonstrate the potential research and diagnostic value of this non-invasive MR tool in the field of FASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9004-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341

Teasing apart the heterogeneity of autism: Same behavior, different brains in toddlers with fragile X syndrome and autism / Heather C. HAZLETT in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.81-90 Titre : Teasing apart the heterogeneity of autism: Same behavior, different brains in toddlers with fragile X syndrome and autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Heather C. HAZLETT, Auteur ; M. D. POE, Auteur ; A. A. LIGHTBODY, Auteur ; G. GERIG, Auteur ; J. R. MACFALL, Auteur ; A. K. ROSS, Auteur ; J. PROVENZALE, Auteur ; A. MARTIN, Auteur ; A. L. REISS, Auteur ; J. PIVEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.81-90 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Amygdala  Autism  Brain volume  Caudate  Children  Fragile X syndrome  Structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To examine brain volumes in substructures associated with the behavioral features of children with FXS compared to children with idiopathic autism and controls. A cross-sectional study of brain substructures was conducted at the first time-point as part of an ongoing longitudinal MRI study of brain development in FXS. The study included 52 boys between 18-42 months of age with FXS and 118 comparison children (boys with autism-non FXS, developmental-delay, and typical development). Children with FXS and autistic disorder had substantially enlarged caudate volume and smaller amygdala volume; whereas those children with autistic disorder without FXS (i.e., idiopathic autism) had only modest enlargement in their caudate nucleus volumes but more robust enlargement of their amygdala volumes. Although we observed this double dissociation among selected brain volumes, no significant differences in severity of autistic behavior between these groups were observed. This study offers a unique examination of early brain development in two disorders, FXS and idiopathic autism, with overlapping behavioral features, but two distinct patterns of brain morphology. We observed that despite almost a third of our FXS sample meeting criteria for autism, the profile of brain volume differences for children with FXS and autism differed from those with idiopathic autism. These findings underscore the importance of addressing heterogeneity in studies of autistic behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9009-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] Teasing apart the heterogeneity of autism: Same behavior, different brains in toddlers with fragile X syndrome and autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Heather C. HAZLETT, Auteur ; M. D. POE, Auteur ; A. A. LIGHTBODY, Auteur ; G. GERIG, Auteur ; J. R. MACFALL, Auteur ; A. K. ROSS, Auteur ; J. PROVENZALE, Auteur ; A. MARTIN, Auteur ; A. L. REISS, Auteur ; J. PIVEN, Auteur . - p.81-90. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.81-90 Mots-clés : Amygdala  Autism  Brain volume  Caudate  Children  Fragile X syndrome  Structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To examine brain volumes in substructures associated with the behavioral features of children with FXS compared to children with idiopathic autism and controls. A cross-sectional study of brain substructures was conducted at the first time-point as part of an ongoing longitudinal MRI study of brain development in FXS. The study included 52 boys between 18-42 months of age with FXS and 118 comparison children (boys with autism-non FXS, developmental-delay, and typical development). Children with FXS and autistic disorder had substantially enlarged caudate volume and smaller amygdala volume; whereas those children with autistic disorder without FXS (i.e., idiopathic autism) had only modest enlargement in their caudate nucleus volumes but more robust enlargement of their amygdala volumes. Although we observed this double dissociation among selected brain volumes, no significant differences in severity of autistic behavior between these groups were observed. This study offers a unique examination of early brain development in two disorders, FXS and idiopathic autism, with overlapping behavioral features, but two distinct patterns of brain morphology. We observed that despite almost a third of our FXS sample meeting criteria for autism, the profile of brain volume differences for children with FXS and autism differed from those with idiopathic autism. These findings underscore the importance of addressing heterogeneity in studies of autistic behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9009-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341

The neural basis of auditory temporal discrimination in girls with fragile X syndrome / S. S. HALL in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-1 (March 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.91-9 Titre : The neural basis of auditory temporal discrimination in girls with fragile X syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. S. HALL, Auteur ; E. WALTER, Auteur ; E. SHERMAN, Auteur ; F. HOEFT, Auteur ; A. L. REISS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.91-9 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Discrimination  Fragile X syndrome  Temporal processing  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a common genetic disorder in which temporal processing may be impaired. To our knowledge however, no studies have examined the neural basis of temporal discrimination in individuals with FXS using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Ten girls with fragile X syndrome and ten developmental age-matched typically developing controls performed an auditory temporal discrimination task in a 3T scanner. Girls with FXS showed significantly greater brain activation in a left-lateralized network, comprising left medial frontal gyrus, left superior and middle temporal gyrus, left cerebellum, and left brainstem (pons), when compared to a developmental age-matched typically developing group of subjects who had similar in-scanner task performance. There were no regions that showed significantly greater brain activation in the control group compared to individuals with FXS. These data indicate that networks of brain regions involved in auditory temporal processing may be dysfunctional in FXS. In particular, it is possible that girls with FXS employ left hemispheric resources to overcompensate for relative right hemispheric dysfunction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9007-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341 [article] The neural basis of auditory temporal discrimination in girls with fragile X syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. S. HALL, Auteur ; E. WALTER, Auteur ; E. SHERMAN, Auteur ; F. HOEFT, Auteur ; A. L. REISS, Auteur . - p.91-9. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 1-1 (March 2009) . - p.91-9 Mots-clés : Discrimination  Fragile X syndrome  Temporal processing  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a common genetic disorder in which temporal processing may be impaired. To our knowledge however, no studies have examined the neural basis of temporal discrimination in individuals with FXS using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Ten girls with fragile X syndrome and ten developmental age-matched typically developing controls performed an auditory temporal discrimination task in a 3T scanner. Girls with FXS showed significantly greater brain activation in a left-lateralized network, comprising left medial frontal gyrus, left superior and middle temporal gyrus, left cerebellum, and left brainstem (pons), when compared to a developmental age-matched typically developing group of subjects who had similar in-scanner task performance. There were no regions that showed significantly greater brain activation in the control group compared to individuals with FXS. These data indicate that networks of brain regions involved in auditory temporal processing may be dysfunctional in FXS. In particular, it is possible that girls with FXS employ left hemispheric resources to overcompensate for relative right hemispheric dysfunction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-009-9007-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=341