Altered task?related modulation of long?range connectivity in children with autism / Ajay S. PILLAI in Autism Research, 11-2 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-2 (February 2018) . - p.245-257 Titre : Altered task?related modulation of long?range connectivity in children with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Balaji M. LAKSHMANAN, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Nathan E. CRONE, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p.245-257 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Functional connectivity differences between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing children have been described in multiple datasets. However, few studies examine the task?related changes in connectivity in disorder?relevant behavioral paradigms. In this paper, we examined the task?related changes in functional connectivity using EEG and a movement?based paradigm that has behavioral relevance to ASD. Resting?state studies motivated our hypothesis that children with ASD would show a decreased magnitude of functional connectivity during the performance of a motor?control task. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, however, we observed that task?related modulation of functional connectivity in children with ASD was in the direction opposite to that of TDs. The task?related connectivity changes were correlated with clinical symptom scores. Our results suggest that children with ASD may have differences in cortical segregation/integration during the performance of a task, and that part of the differences in connectivity modulation may serve as a compensatory mechanism. Autism Res 2018, 11: 245–257. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Decreased connectivity between brain regions is thought to cause the symptoms of autism. Because most of our knowledge comes from data in which children are at rest, we do not know how connectivity changes directly lead to autistic behaviors, such as impaired gestures. When typically developing children produced complex movements, connectivity decreased between brain regions. In children with autism, connectivity increased. It may be that behavior?related changes in brain connectivity are more important than absolute differences in connectivity in autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1858 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334 [article] Altered task?related modulation of long?range connectivity in children with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Balaji M. LAKSHMANAN, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Nathan E. CRONE, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur . - 2018 . - p.245-257. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-2 (February 2018) . - p.245-257 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Functional connectivity differences between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing children have been described in multiple datasets. However, few studies examine the task?related changes in connectivity in disorder?relevant behavioral paradigms. In this paper, we examined the task?related changes in functional connectivity using EEG and a movement?based paradigm that has behavioral relevance to ASD. Resting?state studies motivated our hypothesis that children with ASD would show a decreased magnitude of functional connectivity during the performance of a motor?control task. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, however, we observed that task?related modulation of functional connectivity in children with ASD was in the direction opposite to that of TDs. The task?related connectivity changes were correlated with clinical symptom scores. Our results suggest that children with ASD may have differences in cortical segregation/integration during the performance of a task, and that part of the differences in connectivity modulation may serve as a compensatory mechanism. Autism Res 2018, 11: 245–257. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Decreased connectivity between brain regions is thought to cause the symptoms of autism. Because most of our knowledge comes from data in which children are at rest, we do not know how connectivity changes directly lead to autistic behaviors, such as impaired gestures. When typically developing children produced complex movements, connectivity decreased between brain regions. In children with autism, connectivity increased. It may be that behavior?related changes in brain connectivity are more important than absolute differences in connectivity in autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1858 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=334

Dyspraxia in ASD: Impaired coordination of movement elements / Danielle MCAULIFFE in Autism Research, 10-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-4 (April 2017) . - p.648-652 Titre : Dyspraxia in ASD: Impaired coordination of movement elements Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Alyssa TIEDEMANN, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.648-652 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : dyspraxia  autism  motor planning  divided attention  multiple task interference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have long been known to have deficits in the performance of praxis gestures; these motor deficits also correlate with social and communicative deficits. To date, the precise nature of the errors involved in praxis has not been clearly mapped out. Based on observations of individuals with ASD performing gestures, we hypothesized that the simultaneous execution of multiple movement elements is especially impaired in affected children. We examined 25 school-aged participants with ASD and 25 age-matched controls performing seven simultaneous gestures that required the concurrent performance of movement elements and nine serial gestures, in which all elements were performed serially. There was indeed a group × gesture-type interaction (P? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307 [article] Dyspraxia in ASD: Impaired coordination of movement elements [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Alyssa TIEDEMANN, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur . - p.648-652. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-4 (April 2017) . - p.648-652 Mots-clés : dyspraxia  autism  motor planning  divided attention  multiple task interference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have long been known to have deficits in the performance of praxis gestures; these motor deficits also correlate with social and communicative deficits. To date, the precise nature of the errors involved in praxis has not been clearly mapped out. Based on observations of individuals with ASD performing gestures, we hypothesized that the simultaneous execution of multiple movement elements is especially impaired in affected children. We examined 25 school-aged participants with ASD and 25 age-matched controls performing seven simultaneous gestures that required the concurrent performance of movement elements and nine serial gestures, in which all elements were performed serially. There was indeed a group × gesture-type interaction (P? En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307

Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD / Danielle MCAULIFFE in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.777-784 Titre : Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Yi ZHAO, Auteur ; Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Katarina AMENT, Auteur ; Jack ADAMEK, Auteur ; Brian S. CAFFO, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.777-784 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  dyspraxia  imitation  learning  motor control  skill learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists of altered performance of a range of skills, including social/communicative and motor skills. It is unclear whether this altered performance results from atypical acquisition or learning of the skills or from atypical "online" performance of the skills. Atypicalities of skilled actions that require both motor and cognitive resources, such as abnormal gesturing, are highly prevalent in ASD and are easier to study in a laboratory context than are social/communicative skills. Imitation has long been known to be impaired in ASD; because learning via imitation is a prime method by which humans acquire skills, we tested the hypothesis that children with ASD show alterations in learning novel gestures via imitation. Eighteen participants with ASD and IQ > 80, ages 8-12.9 years, and 19 typically developing peers performed a task in which they watched a video of a model performing a novel, meaningless arm/hand gesture and copied the gesture. Each gesture video/copy sequence was repeated 4-6 times. Eight gestures were analyzed. Examination of learning trajectories revealed that while children with ASD made nearly as much progress in learning from repetition 1 to repetition 4, the shape of the learning curves differed. Causal modeling demonstrated the shape of the learning curve influenced both the performance of overlearned gestures and autism severity, suggesting that it is in the index of learning mechanisms relevant both to motor skills and to autism core features. Autism Res 2020, 13: 777-784.. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Imitation is a route by which humans learn a wide range of skills, naturally and in therapies. Imitation is known to be altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but learning via imitation has not been rigorously examined. We found that the shape of the learning curve is altered in ASD, in a way that has a significant impact both on measures of autism severity and of other motor skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2253 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Yi ZHAO, Auteur ; Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Katarina AMENT, Auteur ; Jack ADAMEK, Auteur ; Brian S. CAFFO, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur . - p.777-784. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.777-784 Mots-clés : autism  dyspraxia  imitation  learning  motor control  skill learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists of altered performance of a range of skills, including social/communicative and motor skills. It is unclear whether this altered performance results from atypical acquisition or learning of the skills or from atypical "online" performance of the skills. Atypicalities of skilled actions that require both motor and cognitive resources, such as abnormal gesturing, are highly prevalent in ASD and are easier to study in a laboratory context than are social/communicative skills. Imitation has long been known to be impaired in ASD; because learning via imitation is a prime method by which humans acquire skills, we tested the hypothesis that children with ASD show alterations in learning novel gestures via imitation. Eighteen participants with ASD and IQ > 80, ages 8-12.9 years, and 19 typically developing peers performed a task in which they watched a video of a model performing a novel, meaningless arm/hand gesture and copied the gesture. Each gesture video/copy sequence was repeated 4-6 times. Eight gestures were analyzed. Examination of learning trajectories revealed that while children with ASD made nearly as much progress in learning from repetition 1 to repetition 4, the shape of the learning curves differed. Causal modeling demonstrated the shape of the learning curve influenced both the performance of overlearned gestures and autism severity, suggesting that it is in the index of learning mechanisms relevant both to motor skills and to autism core features. Autism Res 2020, 13: 777-784.. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Imitation is a route by which humans learn a wide range of skills, naturally and in therapies. Imitation is known to be altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but learning via imitation has not been rigorously examined. We found that the shape of the learning curve is altered in ASD, in a way that has a significant impact both on measures of autism severity and of other motor skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2253 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

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