Assessing a hyperarousal hypothesis of insomnia in adults with autism spectrum disorder / E. K. BAKER in Autism Research, 12-6 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-6 (June 2019) . - p.897-910 Titre : Assessing a hyperarousal hypothesis of insomnia in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. K. BAKER, Auteur ; A. L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Agnes HAZI, Auteur ; Luke A. PRENDERGAST, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p.897-910 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety  autism  cortisol  hyperarousal  insomnia  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep, psychopathology (anxiety, depression and presleep arousal) symptoms, and cortisol in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The sample composed of 29 adults with ASD (51.7% males) and 29 control adults (51.7% males) aged 21-44 years. Thirteen adults with ASD were medicated for a comorbid diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression (ASD-Med), while the remaining 16 adults with ASD were not medicated for such diagnoses (ASD-Only). Participants completed a questionnaire battery, 14-day sleep/wake diary and 14-day actigraphy assessment. On one day during the data collection period, participants collected five saliva samples, hourly, prior to sleep and two morning samples; immediately upon waking and 30 min thereafter for the analysis of cortisol. Cortisol 1 hr prior to habitual sleep onset time was associated with poorer sleep efficiency in both ASD groups and increased wake after sleep onset duration (ASD-Only). Higher subjective somatic arousal was also associated with increased sleep onset latency, regardless of group, and poorer sleep efficiency in the ASD-Only group. ASD-Only participants had significantly greater reductions in evening cortisol concentrations compared to both ASD-Med and control participants. No significant group differences were found for the cortisol awakening response. Findings suggest a hyperarousal hypothesis of insomnia in adults with ASD. Moreover, the low cortisol levels observed in ASD-Only adults suggest dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Longitudinal studies exploring the interplay between insomnia, anxiety and HPA axis regulation across the lifespan in those with ASD are warranted. Autism Res 2019, 12: 897-910. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Both objective (cortisol) and subjective (somatic) physiological arousal were associated with poor sleep quality in adults on the autism spectrum. Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who were not medicated for a comorbid diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression also had dampened cortisol secretion, suggesting a dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary axis. Longitudinal studies investigating the relationship between sleep, psychopathology symptoms and physiological arousal in autistic individuals are warranted. Autism Res 2019. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2094 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400 [article] Assessing a hyperarousal hypothesis of insomnia in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. K. BAKER, Auteur ; A. L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Agnes HAZI, Auteur ; Luke A. PRENDERGAST, Auteur . - 2019 . - p.897-910. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-6 (June 2019) . - p.897-910 Mots-clés : anxiety  autism  cortisol  hyperarousal  insomnia  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep, psychopathology (anxiety, depression and presleep arousal) symptoms, and cortisol in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The sample composed of 29 adults with ASD (51.7% males) and 29 control adults (51.7% males) aged 21-44 years. Thirteen adults with ASD were medicated for a comorbid diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression (ASD-Med), while the remaining 16 adults with ASD were not medicated for such diagnoses (ASD-Only). Participants completed a questionnaire battery, 14-day sleep/wake diary and 14-day actigraphy assessment. On one day during the data collection period, participants collected five saliva samples, hourly, prior to sleep and two morning samples; immediately upon waking and 30 min thereafter for the analysis of cortisol. Cortisol 1 hr prior to habitual sleep onset time was associated with poorer sleep efficiency in both ASD groups and increased wake after sleep onset duration (ASD-Only). Higher subjective somatic arousal was also associated with increased sleep onset latency, regardless of group, and poorer sleep efficiency in the ASD-Only group. ASD-Only participants had significantly greater reductions in evening cortisol concentrations compared to both ASD-Med and control participants. No significant group differences were found for the cortisol awakening response. Findings suggest a hyperarousal hypothesis of insomnia in adults with ASD. Moreover, the low cortisol levels observed in ASD-Only adults suggest dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Longitudinal studies exploring the interplay between insomnia, anxiety and HPA axis regulation across the lifespan in those with ASD are warranted. Autism Res 2019, 12: 897-910. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Both objective (cortisol) and subjective (somatic) physiological arousal were associated with poor sleep quality in adults on the autism spectrum. Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who were not medicated for a comorbid diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression also had dampened cortisol secretion, suggesting a dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary axis. Longitudinal studies investigating the relationship between sleep, psychopathology symptoms and physiological arousal in autistic individuals are warranted. Autism Res 2019. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2094 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400

Assessing the Dim Light Melatonin Onset in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and No Comorbid Intellectual Disability / Emma K. BAKER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-7 (July 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-7 (July 2017) . - p.2120-2137 Titre : Assessing the Dim Light Melatonin Onset in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and No Comorbid Intellectual Disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emma K. BAKER, Auteur ; Amanda L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Agnes HAZI, Auteur ; Luke A. PRENDERGAST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2120-2137 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Melatonin Sleep  DLMO  Circadian-Rhythm  Actigraphy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study assessed melatonin levels and the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and also investigated the relationships between melatonin and objectively measured sleep parameters. Sixteen adults with ASD (ASD-Only), 12 adults with ASD medicated for comorbid diagnoses of anxiety and/or depression (ASD-Med) and 32 controls participated in the study. Although, the timing of the DLMO did not differ between the two groups, advances and delays of the melatonin rhythm were observed in individual profiles. Overall mean melatonin levels were lower in the ASD-Med group compared to the two other groups. Lastly, greater increases in melatonin in the hour prior to sleep were associated with greater sleep efficiency in the ASD groups. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3122-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=314 [article] Assessing the Dim Light Melatonin Onset in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and No Comorbid Intellectual Disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emma K. BAKER, Auteur ; Amanda L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Agnes HAZI, Auteur ; Luke A. PRENDERGAST, Auteur . - p.2120-2137. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-7 (July 2017) . - p.2120-2137 Mots-clés : Autism  Melatonin Sleep  DLMO  Circadian-Rhythm  Actigraphy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study assessed melatonin levels and the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and also investigated the relationships between melatonin and objectively measured sleep parameters. Sixteen adults with ASD (ASD-Only), 12 adults with ASD medicated for comorbid diagnoses of anxiety and/or depression (ASD-Med) and 32 controls participated in the study. Although, the timing of the DLMO did not differ between the two groups, advances and delays of the melatonin rhythm were observed in individual profiles. Overall mean melatonin levels were lower in the ASD-Med group compared to the two other groups. Lastly, greater increases in melatonin in the hour prior to sleep were associated with greater sleep efficiency in the ASD groups. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3122-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=314

Employment status is related to sleep problems in adults with autism spectrum disorder and no comorbid intellectual impairment / E. K. BAKER in Autism, 23-2 (February 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 23-2 (February 2019) . - p.531-536 Titre : Employment status is related to sleep problems in adults with autism spectrum disorder and no comorbid intellectual impairment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. K. BAKER, Auteur ; A. L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Agnes HAZI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.531-536 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder  employment  insomnia  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Both sleep problems and unemployment are common in adults with autism spectrum disorder; however, little research has explored this relationship in this population. This study aimed to explore factors that may be associated with the presence of an International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition defined sleep disorder in adults with autism spectrum disorder (IQ > 80). A total of 36 adults with autism spectrum disorder and 36 controls were included in the study. Participants completed a 14-day actigraphy assessment and questionnaire battery. Overall, 20 adults with autism spectrum disorder met the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition criteria for insomnia and/or a circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder, while only 4 controls met criteria for these disorders. Adults with autism spectrum disorder and an International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition sleep disorder had higher scores on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and were more likely to be unemployed compared to adults with autism spectrum disorder and no sleep disorder. The findings demonstrate, for the first time, that sleep problems are associated with unemployment in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Further research exploring the direction of this effect is required; sleep problems that have developed during adolescence make attainment of employment for those with autism spectrum disorder difficult, or unemployment results in less restrictions required for optimal and appropriate sleep timing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317745857 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383 [article] Employment status is related to sleep problems in adults with autism spectrum disorder and no comorbid intellectual impairment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. K. BAKER, Auteur ; A. L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Agnes HAZI, Auteur . - p.531-536. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 23-2 (February 2019) . - p.531-536 Mots-clés : autism  circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder  employment  insomnia  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Both sleep problems and unemployment are common in adults with autism spectrum disorder; however, little research has explored this relationship in this population. This study aimed to explore factors that may be associated with the presence of an International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition defined sleep disorder in adults with autism spectrum disorder (IQ > 80). A total of 36 adults with autism spectrum disorder and 36 controls were included in the study. Participants completed a 14-day actigraphy assessment and questionnaire battery. Overall, 20 adults with autism spectrum disorder met the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition criteria for insomnia and/or a circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder, while only 4 controls met criteria for these disorders. Adults with autism spectrum disorder and an International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition sleep disorder had higher scores on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and were more likely to be unemployed compared to adults with autism spectrum disorder and no sleep disorder. The findings demonstrate, for the first time, that sleep problems are associated with unemployment in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Further research exploring the direction of this effect is required; sleep problems that have developed during adolescence make attainment of employment for those with autism spectrum disorder difficult, or unemployment results in less restrictions required for optimal and appropriate sleep timing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317745857 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383

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