Dépouillements

Neurodevelopmental sequelae of postnatal maternal care in rodents: clinical and research implications of molecular insights / Arie KAFFMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-3/4 (March/April 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.224–244 Titre : Neurodevelopmental sequelae of postnatal maternal care in rodents: clinical and research implications of molecular insights Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Arie KAFFMAN, Auteur ; Michael J. MEANEY, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.224–244 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Family-factors hormones parent–child-interaction maternal-care epigenetic DNA-methylation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parental care plays an important role in the emotional and cognitive development of the offspring. Children who have been exposed to abuse or neglect are more likely to develop numerous psychopathologies, while good parent–infant bonding is associated with improved resiliency to stress. Similar observations have also been reported in non-human primates and rodents, suggesting that at least some neurodevelopmental aspects of parent–offspring interactions are conserved among mammals and could therefore be studied in animals. We present data to suggest that frequency of licking and grooming provided by the dam during a critical period in development plays an important role in modifying neurodevelopment. These findings are examined in the broader context in which exposure to other sensory modalities such as vision or hearing during a specific period in development shapes brain development with functional consequences that persist into adulthood. We also discuss recent rodent work showing that increased frequency of licking and grooming provided by the dam during the first week of life is associated with changes in DNA methylation of promoter elements that control expression of these genes and behavior. The stability of DNA methylation in postmitotic cells provides a possible molecular scaffold by which changes in gene expression and behavioral traits induced by postnatal maternal care are maintained throughout life. Finally, the relevance of findings reported in rodents to those noted in non-human primates and humans are assessed and the research and clinical implications of these observations for future work are explored. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01730.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=947 [article] Neurodevelopmental sequelae of postnatal maternal care in rodents: clinical and research implications of molecular insights [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Arie KAFFMAN, Auteur ; Michael J. MEANEY, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.224–244. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.224–244 Mots-clés : Family-factors hormones parent–child-interaction maternal-care epigenetic DNA-methylation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parental care plays an important role in the emotional and cognitive development of the offspring. Children who have been exposed to abuse or neglect are more likely to develop numerous psychopathologies, while good parent–infant bonding is associated with improved resiliency to stress. Similar observations have also been reported in non-human primates and rodents, suggesting that at least some neurodevelopmental aspects of parent–offspring interactions are conserved among mammals and could therefore be studied in animals. We present data to suggest that frequency of licking and grooming provided by the dam during a critical period in development plays an important role in modifying neurodevelopment. These findings are examined in the broader context in which exposure to other sensory modalities such as vision or hearing during a specific period in development shapes brain development with functional consequences that persist into adulthood. We also discuss recent rodent work showing that increased frequency of licking and grooming provided by the dam during the first week of life is associated with changes in DNA methylation of promoter elements that control expression of these genes and behavior. The stability of DNA methylation in postmitotic cells provides a possible molecular scaffold by which changes in gene expression and behavioral traits induced by postnatal maternal care are maintained throughout life. Finally, the relevance of findings reported in rodents to those noted in non-human primates and humans are assessed and the research and clinical implications of these observations for future work are explored. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01730.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=947

Antenatal maternal stress and long-term effects on child neurodevelopment: how and why? / Nicole M. TALGE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-3/4 (March/April 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.245–261 Titre : Antenatal maternal stress and long-term effects on child neurodevelopment: how and why? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicole M. TALGE, Auteur ; Charles NEAL, Auteur ; Vivette GLOVER, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.245–261 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Antenatal prenatal stress anxiety child-neurodevelopment attention-deficit/hyperactivity HPA-axis cortisol Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We review a significant body of evidence from independent prospective studies that if a mother is stressed while pregnant, her child is substantially more likely to have emotional or cognitive problems, including an increased risk of attentional deficit/hyperactivity, anxiety, and language delay. These findings are independent of effects due to maternal postnatal depression and anxiety. We still do not know what forms of anxiety or stress are most detrimental, but research suggests that the relationship with the partner can be important in this respect. The magnitude of these effects is clinically significant, as the attributable load of emotional/behavioral problems due to antenatal stress and/or anxiety is approximately 15%. Animal models suggest that activity of the stress-responsive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its hormonal end-product cortisol are involved in these effects in both mother and offspring. The fetal environment can be altered if stress in the mother changes her hormonal profile, and in humans, there is a strong correlation between maternal and fetal cortisol levels. However, many problems remain in understanding the mechanisms involved in this interaction. For example, maternal cortisol responses to stress decline over the course of pregnancy, and earlier in pregnancy, the link between maternal and fetal cortisol is less robust. It is possible that the effects of maternal anxiety and stress on the developing fetus and child are moderated by other factors such as a maternal diet (e.g., protein load). It is suggested that extra vigilance or anxiety, readily distracted attention, or a hyper-responsive HPA axis may have been adaptive in a stressful environment during evolution, but exists today at the cost of vulnerability to neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01714.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=948 [article] Antenatal maternal stress and long-term effects on child neurodevelopment: how and why? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicole M. TALGE, Auteur ; Charles NEAL, Auteur ; Vivette GLOVER, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.245–261. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.245–261 Mots-clés : Antenatal prenatal stress anxiety child-neurodevelopment attention-deficit/hyperactivity HPA-axis cortisol Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We review a significant body of evidence from independent prospective studies that if a mother is stressed while pregnant, her child is substantially more likely to have emotional or cognitive problems, including an increased risk of attentional deficit/hyperactivity, anxiety, and language delay. These findings are independent of effects due to maternal postnatal depression and anxiety. We still do not know what forms of anxiety or stress are most detrimental, but research suggests that the relationship with the partner can be important in this respect. The magnitude of these effects is clinically significant, as the attributable load of emotional/behavioral problems due to antenatal stress and/or anxiety is approximately 15%. Animal models suggest that activity of the stress-responsive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its hormonal end-product cortisol are involved in these effects in both mother and offspring. The fetal environment can be altered if stress in the mother changes her hormonal profile, and in humans, there is a strong correlation between maternal and fetal cortisol levels. However, many problems remain in understanding the mechanisms involved in this interaction. For example, maternal cortisol responses to stress decline over the course of pregnancy, and earlier in pregnancy, the link between maternal and fetal cortisol is less robust. It is possible that the effects of maternal anxiety and stress on the developing fetus and child are moderated by other factors such as a maternal diet (e.g., protein load). It is suggested that extra vigilance or anxiety, readily distracted attention, or a hyper-responsive HPA axis may have been adaptive in a stressful environment during evolution, but exists today at the cost of vulnerability to neurodevelopmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01714.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=948

Brain basis of early parent–infant interactions: psychology, physiology, and in vivo functional neuroimaging studies / James E. SWAIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-3/4 (March/April 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.262–287 Titre : Brain basis of early parent–infant interactions: psychology, physiology, and in vivo functional neuroimaging studies Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James E. SWAIN, Auteur ; Jeffrey P. LORBERBAUM, Auteur ; Samet KOSE, Auteur ; Lane STRATHEARN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.262–287 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attachment brain-imaging parent–child-interaction parent–child-relationships parenting neuropsychology neurobiology neurophysiologychild-development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parenting behavior critically shapes human infants’ current and future behavior. The parent–infant relationship provides infants with their first social experiences, forming templates of what they can expect from others and how to best meet others’ expectations. In this review, we focus on the neurobiology of parenting behavior, including our own functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain imaging experiments of parents. We begin with a discussion of background, perspectives and caveats for considering the neurobiology of parent–infant relationships. Then, we discuss aspects of the psychology of parenting that are significantly motivating some of the more basic neuroscience research. Following that, we discuss some of the neurohormones that are important for the regulation of social bonding, and the dysregulation of parenting with cocaine abuse. Then, we review the brain circuitry underlying parenting, proceeding from relevant rodent and nonhuman primate research to human work. Finally, we focus on a study-by-study review of functional neuroimaging studies in humans. Taken together, this research suggests that networks of highly conserved hypothalamic–midbrain–limbic–paralimbic–cortical circuits act in concert to support aspects of parent response to infants, including the emotion, attention, motivation, empathy, decision-making and other thinking that are required to navigate the complexities of parenting. Specifically, infant stimuli activate basal forebrain regions, which regulate brain circuits that handle specific nurturing and caregiving responses and activate the brain's more general circuitry for handling emotions, motivation, attention, and empathy – all of which are crucial for effective parenting. We argue that an integrated understanding of the brain basis of parenting has profound implications for mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01731.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=949 [article] Brain basis of early parent–infant interactions: psychology, physiology, and in vivo functional neuroimaging studies [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James E. SWAIN, Auteur ; Jeffrey P. LORBERBAUM, Auteur ; Samet KOSE, Auteur ; Lane STRATHEARN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.262–287. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.262–287 Mots-clés : Attachment brain-imaging parent–child-interaction parent–child-relationships parenting neuropsychology neurobiology neurophysiologychild-development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parenting behavior critically shapes human infants’ current and future behavior. The parent–infant relationship provides infants with their first social experiences, forming templates of what they can expect from others and how to best meet others’ expectations. In this review, we focus on the neurobiology of parenting behavior, including our own functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain imaging experiments of parents. We begin with a discussion of background, perspectives and caveats for considering the neurobiology of parent–infant relationships. Then, we discuss aspects of the psychology of parenting that are significantly motivating some of the more basic neuroscience research. Following that, we discuss some of the neurohormones that are important for the regulation of social bonding, and the dysregulation of parenting with cocaine abuse. Then, we review the brain circuitry underlying parenting, proceeding from relevant rodent and nonhuman primate research to human work. Finally, we focus on a study-by-study review of functional neuroimaging studies in humans. Taken together, this research suggests that networks of highly conserved hypothalamic–midbrain–limbic–paralimbic–cortical circuits act in concert to support aspects of parent response to infants, including the emotion, attention, motivation, empathy, decision-making and other thinking that are required to navigate the complexities of parenting. Specifically, infant stimuli activate basal forebrain regions, which regulate brain circuits that handle specific nurturing and caregiving responses and activate the brain's more general circuitry for handling emotions, motivation, attention, and empathy – all of which are crucial for effective parenting. We argue that an integrated understanding of the brain basis of parenting has profound implications for mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01731.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=949

The parent–infant dyad and the construction of the subjective self / Peter FONAGY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-3/4 (March/April 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.288–328 Titre : The parent–infant dyad and the construction of the subjective self Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Peter FONAGY, Auteur ; György GERGELY, Auteur ; Mary TARGET, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.288–328 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attachment mentalisation theory-of-mind social development social-cognition self pedagogical-stance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developmental psychology and psychopathology has in the past been more concerned with the quality of self-representation than with the development of the subjective agency which underpins our experience of feeling, thought and action, a key function of mentalisation. This review begins by contrasting a Cartesian view of pre-wired introspective subjectivity with a constructionist model based on the assumption of an innate contingency detector which orients the infant towards aspects of the social world that react congruently and in a specifically cued informative manner that expresses and facilitates the assimilation of cultural knowledge. Research on the neural mechanisms associated with mentalisation and social influences on its development are reviewed. It is suggested that the infant focuses on the attachment figure as a source of reliable information about the world. The construction of the sense of a subjective self is then an aspect of acquiring knowledge about the world through the caregiver's pedagogical communicative displays which in this context focuses on the child's thoughts and feelings. We argue that a number of possible mechanisms, including complementary activation of attachment and mentalisation, the disruptive effect of maltreatment on parent–child communication, the biobehavioural overlap of cues for learning and cues for attachment, may have a role in ensuring that the quality of relationship with the caregiver influences the development of the child's experience of thoughts and feelings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01727.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=950 [article] The parent–infant dyad and the construction of the subjective self [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Peter FONAGY, Auteur ; György GERGELY, Auteur ; Mary TARGET, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.288–328. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.288–328 Mots-clés : Attachment mentalisation theory-of-mind social development social-cognition self pedagogical-stance Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developmental psychology and psychopathology has in the past been more concerned with the quality of self-representation than with the development of the subjective agency which underpins our experience of feeling, thought and action, a key function of mentalisation. This review begins by contrasting a Cartesian view of pre-wired introspective subjectivity with a constructionist model based on the assumption of an innate contingency detector which orients the infant towards aspects of the social world that react congruently and in a specifically cued informative manner that expresses and facilitates the assimilation of cultural knowledge. Research on the neural mechanisms associated with mentalisation and social influences on its development are reviewed. It is suggested that the infant focuses on the attachment figure as a source of reliable information about the world. The construction of the sense of a subjective self is then an aspect of acquiring knowledge about the world through the caregiver's pedagogical communicative displays which in this context focuses on the child's thoughts and feelings. We argue that a number of possible mechanisms, including complementary activation of attachment and mentalisation, the disruptive effect of maltreatment on parent–child communication, the biobehavioural overlap of cues for learning and cues for attachment, may have a role in ensuring that the quality of relationship with the caregiver influences the development of the child's experience of thoughts and feelings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01727.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=950

Parent–infant synchrony and the construction of shared timing; physiological precursors, developmental outcomes, and risk conditions / Ruth FELDMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-3/4 (March/April 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.329–354 Titre : Parent–infant synchrony and the construction of shared timing; physiological precursors, developmental outcomes, and risk conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ruth FELDMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.329–354 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Parent–child-relationship parent–child-interaction regulation prematurity vagal-tone maternal-depression maternal-anxiety empathy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Synchrony, a construct used across multiple fields to denote the temporal relationship between events, is applied to the study of parent–infant interactions and suggested as a model for intersubjectivity. Three types of timed relationships between the parent and child's affective behavior are assessed: concurrent, sequential, and organized in an ongoing patterned format, and the development of each is charted across the first year. Viewed as a formative experience for the maturation of the social brain, synchrony impacts the development of self-regulation, symbol use, and empathy across childhood and adolescence. Different patterns of synchrony with mother, father, and the family and across cultures describe relationship-specific modes of coordination. The capacity to engage in temporally-matched interactions is based on physiological mechanisms, in particular oscillator systems, such as the biological clock and cardiac pacemaker, and attachment-related hormones, such as oxytocin. Specific patterns of synchrony are described in a range of child-, parent- and context-related risk conditions, pointing to its ecological relevance and usefulness for the study of developmental psychopathology. A perspective that underscores the organization of discrete relational behaviors into emergent patterns and considers time a central parameter of emotion and communication systems may be useful to the study of interpersonal intimacy and its potential for personal transformation across the lifespan. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01701.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=951 [article] Parent–infant synchrony and the construction of shared timing; physiological precursors, developmental outcomes, and risk conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ruth FELDMAN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.329–354. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.329–354 Mots-clés : Parent–child-relationship parent–child-interaction regulation prematurity vagal-tone maternal-depression maternal-anxiety empathy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Synchrony, a construct used across multiple fields to denote the temporal relationship between events, is applied to the study of parent–infant interactions and suggested as a model for intersubjectivity. Three types of timed relationships between the parent and child's affective behavior are assessed: concurrent, sequential, and organized in an ongoing patterned format, and the development of each is charted across the first year. Viewed as a formative experience for the maturation of the social brain, synchrony impacts the development of self-regulation, symbol use, and empathy across childhood and adolescence. Different patterns of synchrony with mother, father, and the family and across cultures describe relationship-specific modes of coordination. The capacity to engage in temporally-matched interactions is based on physiological mechanisms, in particular oscillator systems, such as the biological clock and cardiac pacemaker, and attachment-related hormones, such as oxytocin. Specific patterns of synchrony are described in a range of child-, parent- and context-related risk conditions, pointing to its ecological relevance and usefulness for the study of developmental psychopathology. A perspective that underscores the organization of discrete relational behaviors into emergent patterns and considers time a central parameter of emotion and communication systems may be useful to the study of interpersonal intimacy and its potential for personal transformation across the lifespan. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01701.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=951

Programs for parents of infants and toddlers: recent evidence from randomized trials / David L. OLDS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-3/4 (March/April 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.355–391 Titre : Programs for parents of infants and toddlers: recent evidence from randomized trials Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David L. OLDS, Auteur ; Lois SADLER, Auteur ; Harriet KITZMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.355–391 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Intervention infancy parenting perinatal prevention research-design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Programs for parents of young children hold considerable promise for improving children's life-course trajectories and for reducing health and development problems and associated costs to government and society. To date, this promise has not been achieved. Fulfilling the potential of parenting interventions will require substantial improvements in current practice for developing and testing such programs. Intervention development will be improved if clinicians and investigators ground parenting interventions in theory and epidemiology; and carefully pilot them to ascertain program feasibility, participant engagement, and behavioral change prior to testing them in randomized trials. Studies of parenting interventions will be improved if they adhere to the highest standards for randomization; if they examine objectively measured outcomes with clear public health relevance; and if they minimize selection factors known to compromise the analysis of data. Policy and practice recommendations for parenting interventions will be improved if they are based upon replicated randomized controlled trials, if the interventions are tested with different populations living in different contexts, and if they are examined in dissemination studies before public investments are made in such programs. Procedures need to be developed to ensure that the essential elements of evidence-based parenting programs can be implemented reliably in a variety of practice settings so that they will produce their intended effects. To date, few programs have met these high programmatic and evidentiary standards, with the result that many large-scale policy initiatives for at-risk parents have failed. Evidence is accumulating, however, that some programs delivered by professionals, especially nurse home visiting programs for pregnant women and parents of young children, produce replicable effects on children's health and development, and that these programs can be reliably reproduced with different populations living in a variety of community settings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01702.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=952 [article] Programs for parents of infants and toddlers: recent evidence from randomized trials [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David L. OLDS, Auteur ; Lois SADLER, Auteur ; Harriet KITZMAN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.355–391. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.355–391 Mots-clés : Intervention infancy parenting perinatal prevention research-design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Programs for parents of young children hold considerable promise for improving children's life-course trajectories and for reducing health and development problems and associated costs to government and society. To date, this promise has not been achieved. Fulfilling the potential of parenting interventions will require substantial improvements in current practice for developing and testing such programs. Intervention development will be improved if clinicians and investigators ground parenting interventions in theory and epidemiology; and carefully pilot them to ascertain program feasibility, participant engagement, and behavioral change prior to testing them in randomized trials. Studies of parenting interventions will be improved if they adhere to the highest standards for randomization; if they examine objectively measured outcomes with clear public health relevance; and if they minimize selection factors known to compromise the analysis of data. Policy and practice recommendations for parenting interventions will be improved if they are based upon replicated randomized controlled trials, if the interventions are tested with different populations living in different contexts, and if they are examined in dissemination studies before public investments are made in such programs. Procedures need to be developed to ensure that the essential elements of evidence-based parenting programs can be implemented reliably in a variety of practice settings so that they will produce their intended effects. To date, few programs have met these high programmatic and evidentiary standards, with the result that many large-scale policy initiatives for at-risk parents have failed. Evidence is accumulating, however, that some programs delivered by professionals, especially nurse home visiting programs for pregnant women and parents of young children, produce replicable effects on children's health and development, and that these programs can be reliably reproduced with different populations living in a variety of community settings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01702.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=952

In the best interests of society / William W. HARRIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-3/4 (March/April 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.392–411 Titre : In the best interests of society Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : William W. HARRIS, Auteur ; Alicia F. LIEBERMAN, Auteur ; Steven R. MARANS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.392–411 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child-witness parent–child relationships public health risk-factors service-development trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Each year, exposure to violent trauma takes its toll on the development of millions of children. When their trauma goes unaddressed, children are at greater risk for school failure; anxiety and depression and other post-traumatic disorders; alcohol and drug abuse, and, later in life, engaging in violence similar to that to which they were originally exposed. In spite of the serious psychiatric/developmental sequelae of violence exposure, the majority of severely and chronically traumatized children and youth are not found in mental health clinics. Instead, they typically are seen as the ‘trouble-children’ in schools or emerge in the child protective, law enforcement, substance abuse treatment, and criminal justice systems, where the root of their problems in exposure to violence and abuse is typically not identified or addressed. Usually, providers in all of these diverse service systems have not been sufficiently trained to know and identify the traumatic origins of the children's presenting difficulties and are not sufficiently equipped to assist with their remediation. This multiplicity of traumatic manifestations outside the mental health setting leads to the inescapable conclusion that we are dealing with a supra-clinical problem that can only be resolved by going beyond the child's individual clinical needs to enlist a range of coordinated services for the child and the family. This paper will focus on domestic violence as a paradigmatic source of violent traumatization and will (a) describe the impact and consequences of exposure to violence on children's immediate and long-term development; (b) examine the opportunities for, as well as the barriers to, bridging the clinical phenomena of children's violent trauma and the existing systems of care that might best meet their needs; and (c) critique current national policies that militate against a more rational and coherent approach to addressing these needs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01732.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=953 [article] In the best interests of society [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / William W. HARRIS, Auteur ; Alicia F. LIEBERMAN, Auteur ; Steven R. MARANS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.392–411. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.392–411 Mots-clés : Child-witness parent–child relationships public health risk-factors service-development trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Each year, exposure to violent trauma takes its toll on the development of millions of children. When their trauma goes unaddressed, children are at greater risk for school failure; anxiety and depression and other post-traumatic disorders; alcohol and drug abuse, and, later in life, engaging in violence similar to that to which they were originally exposed. In spite of the serious psychiatric/developmental sequelae of violence exposure, the majority of severely and chronically traumatized children and youth are not found in mental health clinics. Instead, they typically are seen as the ‘trouble-children’ in schools or emerge in the child protective, law enforcement, substance abuse treatment, and criminal justice systems, where the root of their problems in exposure to violence and abuse is typically not identified or addressed. Usually, providers in all of these diverse service systems have not been sufficiently trained to know and identify the traumatic origins of the children's presenting difficulties and are not sufficiently equipped to assist with their remediation. This multiplicity of traumatic manifestations outside the mental health setting leads to the inescapable conclusion that we are dealing with a supra-clinical problem that can only be resolved by going beyond the child's individual clinical needs to enlist a range of coordinated services for the child and the family. This paper will focus on domestic violence as a paradigmatic source of violent traumatization and will (a) describe the impact and consequences of exposure to violence on children's immediate and long-term development; (b) examine the opportunities for, as well as the barriers to, bridging the clinical phenomena of children's violent trauma and the existing systems of care that might best meet their needs; and (c) critique current national policies that militate against a more rational and coherent approach to addressing these needs. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01732.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=953

Nurturing resilient children / James F. LECKMAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-3/4 (March/April 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.221–223 Titre : Nurturing resilient children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James F. LECKMAN, Auteur ; Linda C. MAYES, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.221–223 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01743.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Nurturing resilient children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James F. LECKMAN, Auteur ; Linda C. MAYES, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.221–223. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-3/4 (March/April 2007) . - p.221–223 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01743.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422