Dépouillements

Annotation: What electrical brain activity tells us about brain function that other techniques cannot tell us – a child psychiatric perspective / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.415–435 Titre : Annotation: What electrical brain activity tells us about brain function that other techniques cannot tell us – a child psychiatric perspective Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.415–435 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD anorexia-nervosa anxiety autism childhood-onset-schizophrenia depression developmental-dyslexia EEG endophenotypes ERP fMRI neuropsychology obsessive-compulsive-disorder specific-language-disorder tic-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Monitoring brain processes in real time requires genuine subsecond resolution to follow the typical timing and frequency of neural events. Non-invasive recordings of electric (EEG/ERP) and magnetic (MEG) fields provide this time resolution. They directly measure neural activations associated with a wide variety of brain states and processes, even during sleep or in infants. Mapping and source estimation can localise these time-varying activation patterns inside the brain. Methods: Recent EEG/ERP research on brain functions in the domains of attention and executive functioning, perception, memory, language, emotion and motor processing in ADHD, autism, childhood-onset schizophrenia, Tourette syndrome, specific language disorder and developmental dyslexia, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depression is reviewed. Results: Over the past two decades, electrophysiology has substantially contributed to the understanding of brain functions during normal development, and psychiatric conditions of children and adolescents. Its time resolution has been important to measure covert processes, and to distinguish cause and effect. Conclusions: In the future, EEG/ERP parameters will increasingly characterise the interplay of neural states and information processing. They are particularly promising tools for multilevel investigations of etiological pathways and potential predictors of clinical treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01681.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=954 [article] Annotation: What electrical brain activity tells us about brain function that other techniques cannot tell us – a child psychiatric perspective [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.415–435. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.415–435 Mots-clés : ADHD anorexia-nervosa anxiety autism childhood-onset-schizophrenia depression developmental-dyslexia EEG endophenotypes ERP fMRI neuropsychology obsessive-compulsive-disorder specific-language-disorder tic-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Monitoring brain processes in real time requires genuine subsecond resolution to follow the typical timing and frequency of neural events. Non-invasive recordings of electric (EEG/ERP) and magnetic (MEG) fields provide this time resolution. They directly measure neural activations associated with a wide variety of brain states and processes, even during sleep or in infants. Mapping and source estimation can localise these time-varying activation patterns inside the brain. Methods: Recent EEG/ERP research on brain functions in the domains of attention and executive functioning, perception, memory, language, emotion and motor processing in ADHD, autism, childhood-onset schizophrenia, Tourette syndrome, specific language disorder and developmental dyslexia, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depression is reviewed. Results: Over the past two decades, electrophysiology has substantially contributed to the understanding of brain functions during normal development, and psychiatric conditions of children and adolescents. Its time resolution has been important to measure covert processes, and to distinguish cause and effect. Conclusions: In the future, EEG/ERP parameters will increasingly characterise the interplay of neural states and information processing. They are particularly promising tools for multilevel investigations of etiological pathways and potential predictors of clinical treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01681.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=954

Children's skin conductance reactivity as a mechanism of risk in the context of parental depressive symptoms / E. Mark CUMMINGS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.436–445 Titre : Children's skin conductance reactivity as a mechanism of risk in the context of parental depressive symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. Mark CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Mona EL-SHEIKH, Auteur ; Peggy KELLER, Auteur ; Chrystyna D. KOUROS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.436–445 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Depression physiological-reactivity child-adjustment skin-conductance fathering Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children's physiological reactivity was examined as a moderator of relations between parental dysphoria and child adjustment problems, addressing gaps in the study of child characteristics as risk processes. Method: One hundred fifty-seven children (86 boys, 71 girls) were assessed twice over a two-year interval. Skin conductance level reactivity (SCLR) to inter-adult argument and problem-solving tasks was observed. Results: SCLR moderated longitudinal predictions of children's internalizing, externalizing and social adjustment problems, especially for paternal rather than maternal dysphoria. Higher SCLR predicted greater vulnerability to parental depressive symptomatology. Conclusions: Findings highlight that individual differences in children's physiological reactivity may relate to risk for adjustment problems in the context of parental depressive symptoms En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01713.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=955 [article] Children's skin conductance reactivity as a mechanism of risk in the context of parental depressive symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. Mark CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Mona EL-SHEIKH, Auteur ; Peggy KELLER, Auteur ; Chrystyna D. KOUROS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.436–445. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.436–445 Mots-clés : Depression physiological-reactivity child-adjustment skin-conductance fathering Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children's physiological reactivity was examined as a moderator of relations between parental dysphoria and child adjustment problems, addressing gaps in the study of child characteristics as risk processes. Method: One hundred fifty-seven children (86 boys, 71 girls) were assessed twice over a two-year interval. Skin conductance level reactivity (SCLR) to inter-adult argument and problem-solving tasks was observed. Results: SCLR moderated longitudinal predictions of children's internalizing, externalizing and social adjustment problems, especially for paternal rather than maternal dysphoria. Higher SCLR predicted greater vulnerability to parental depressive symptomatology. Conclusions: Findings highlight that individual differences in children's physiological reactivity may relate to risk for adjustment problems in the context of parental depressive symptoms En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01713.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=955

Incentive-related modulation of cognitive control in healthy, anxious, and depressed adolescents: development and psychopathology related differences / Michael G. HARDIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.446–454 Titre : Incentive-related modulation of cognitive control in healthy, anxious, and depressed adolescents: development and psychopathology related differences Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael G. HARDIN, Auteur ; Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur ; Monique ERNST, Auteur ; Elizabeth SCHROTH, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.446–454 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Saccade inhibition motivation valence salience eye-movement pediatric adolescence anxiety cognition depression development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developmental changes in cognitive and affective processes contribute to adolescent risk-taking behavior, emotional intensification, and psychopathology. The current study examined adolescent development of cognitive control processes and their modulation by incentive, in health and psychopathology. Predictions include 1) better cognitive control in adults than adolescents, and in healthy adolescents than anxious and depressed adolescents, and 2) a stronger influence of incentives in adolescents than adults, and in healthy adolescents than their depressed and anxious counterparts. Methods: Antisaccadic eye movement parameters, which provide a measure of cognitive control, were collected during a reward antisaccade task that included parameterized incentive levels. Participants were 20 healthy adults, 30 healthy adolescents, 16 adolescents with an anxiety disorder, and 11 adolescents with major depression. Performance accuracy and saccade latency were analyzed to test both developmental and psychopathology hypotheses. Results: Development and psychopathology group differences in cognitive control were found. Specifically, adults performed better than healthy adolescents, and healthy adolescents than anxious and depressed adolescents. Incentive improved accuracy for all groups; however, incremental increases were not sufficiently large to further modulate performance. Incentives also affected saccade latencies, pushing healthy adolescent latencies to adult levels, while being less effective in adolescents with depression or anxiety. This latter effect was partially mediated by anxiety symptom severity. Conclusions: Current findings evidence the modulation of cognitive control processes by incentives. While seen in both healthy adults and healthy adolescents, this modulatory effect was stronger in youth. While anxious and depressed adolescents exhibited improved cognitive control under incentives, this effect was smaller than that in healthy adolescents. These findings suggest differential incentive and/or cognitive control processing in anxiety and depression, and across development. Differences could result from disorder specific, or combined developmental and pathological mechanisms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01722.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=956 [article] Incentive-related modulation of cognitive control in healthy, anxious, and depressed adolescents: development and psychopathology related differences [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael G. HARDIN, Auteur ; Daniel Samuel PINE, Auteur ; Monique ERNST, Auteur ; Elizabeth SCHROTH, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.446–454. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.446–454 Mots-clés : Saccade inhibition motivation valence salience eye-movement pediatric adolescence anxiety cognition depression development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developmental changes in cognitive and affective processes contribute to adolescent risk-taking behavior, emotional intensification, and psychopathology. The current study examined adolescent development of cognitive control processes and their modulation by incentive, in health and psychopathology. Predictions include 1) better cognitive control in adults than adolescents, and in healthy adolescents than anxious and depressed adolescents, and 2) a stronger influence of incentives in adolescents than adults, and in healthy adolescents than their depressed and anxious counterparts. Methods: Antisaccadic eye movement parameters, which provide a measure of cognitive control, were collected during a reward antisaccade task that included parameterized incentive levels. Participants were 20 healthy adults, 30 healthy adolescents, 16 adolescents with an anxiety disorder, and 11 adolescents with major depression. Performance accuracy and saccade latency were analyzed to test both developmental and psychopathology hypotheses. Results: Development and psychopathology group differences in cognitive control were found. Specifically, adults performed better than healthy adolescents, and healthy adolescents than anxious and depressed adolescents. Incentive improved accuracy for all groups; however, incremental increases were not sufficiently large to further modulate performance. Incentives also affected saccade latencies, pushing healthy adolescent latencies to adult levels, while being less effective in adolescents with depression or anxiety. This latter effect was partially mediated by anxiety symptom severity. Conclusions: Current findings evidence the modulation of cognitive control processes by incentives. While seen in both healthy adults and healthy adolescents, this modulatory effect was stronger in youth. While anxious and depressed adolescents exhibited improved cognitive control under incentives, this effect was smaller than that in healthy adolescents. These findings suggest differential incentive and/or cognitive control processing in anxiety and depression, and across development. Differences could result from disorder specific, or combined developmental and pathological mechanisms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01722.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=956

The relationship between attention, executive functions and reading domain abilities in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and reading disorder: a comparative study / Barbara BENTAL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.455–463 Titre : The relationship between attention, executive functions and reading domain abilities in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and reading disorder: a comparative study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Barbara BENTAL, Auteur ; Emanuel TIROSH, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.455–463 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-(ADHD) reading-disorder-(RD) co-morbidity executive-functions-(EF) word-decoding rapid-naming Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Co-morbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disorder (RD) is frequent. The objective of this investigation was to assess the potential uniqueness of co-morbid ADHD + RD and extend existing findings to the Hebrew language. Method: A parallel group design with post-hoc analysis of group differences was employed comparing four groups of children (19 ADHD, 17 RD, 27 ADHD + RD, and 23 controls) on reading measures, attention and executive functions (EF) as well as functions of phonemic awareness and rapid naming. Forward stepwise regressions were run in order to delineate significant relationships between phonemic awareness, rapid naming, attention and EF with outcome variables of reading. Results: The co-morbid group shared the basic characteristic impairments in attention and executive functions with the pure ADHD group and in reading domain functions with the pure RD group. In addition, this group showed unique deficits in rapid naming and a more severe impairment in working memory. Forward stepwise regression pointed to associations between executive functions and word reading accuracy in children with ADHD, in contrast to associations between linguistic functions and word accuracy in non-ADHD. Conclusion: The combination of cognitive deficits in the subgroup of children with both ADHD and RD and the relationship between accuracy in word decoding and executive functions shown for the ADHD groups point to a distinct clinical profile of the co-morbid condition. Attention and EF should be considered in the diagnosis of RD and in the remediation protocol. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01710.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=957 [article] The relationship between attention, executive functions and reading domain abilities in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and reading disorder: a comparative study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Barbara BENTAL, Auteur ; Emanuel TIROSH, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.455–463. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.455–463 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-(ADHD) reading-disorder-(RD) co-morbidity executive-functions-(EF) word-decoding rapid-naming Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Co-morbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disorder (RD) is frequent. The objective of this investigation was to assess the potential uniqueness of co-morbid ADHD + RD and extend existing findings to the Hebrew language. Method: A parallel group design with post-hoc analysis of group differences was employed comparing four groups of children (19 ADHD, 17 RD, 27 ADHD + RD, and 23 controls) on reading measures, attention and executive functions (EF) as well as functions of phonemic awareness and rapid naming. Forward stepwise regressions were run in order to delineate significant relationships between phonemic awareness, rapid naming, attention and EF with outcome variables of reading. Results: The co-morbid group shared the basic characteristic impairments in attention and executive functions with the pure ADHD group and in reading domain functions with the pure RD group. In addition, this group showed unique deficits in rapid naming and a more severe impairment in working memory. Forward stepwise regression pointed to associations between executive functions and word reading accuracy in children with ADHD, in contrast to associations between linguistic functions and word accuracy in non-ADHD. Conclusion: The combination of cognitive deficits in the subgroup of children with both ADHD and RD and the relationship between accuracy in word decoding and executive functions shown for the ADHD groups point to a distinct clinical profile of the co-morbid condition. Attention and EF should be considered in the diagnosis of RD and in the remediation protocol. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01710.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=957

Autistic traits in a population-based ADHD twin sample / Angela M. REIERSEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.464–472 Titre : Autistic traits in a population-based ADHD twin sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Angela M. REIERSEN, Auteur ; Richard D. TODD, Auteur ; John N. CONSTANTINO, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.464–472 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD autism PDD Social-Responsiveness-Scale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most diagnostic nomenclatures do not allow for the concurrent diagnosis of autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Clinic-based studies suggest autistic symptoms are common in children with ADHD, but such studies are prone to referral bias. This study assesses whether children with ADHD selected from the general twin population have elevated levels of autistic traits. Methods: Nine hundred forty-six twins identified by Missouri birth records were assigned to DSM-IV ADHD diagnoses and seven population-derived ADHD subtypes defined through latent class analysis of DSM-IV ADHD symptoms. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) was used as a quantitative measure of autistic traits. Linear regression was used to evaluate whether mean SRS scores differed between ADHD diagnostic groups. Results: Mean SRS scores for DSM-IV predominantly inattentive subtype and combined subtype ADHD groups were significantly higher than for subjects without DSM-IV ADHD (p < .001, both comparisons). Five of the population-derived ADHD subtypes (talkative-impulsive, mild and severe inattentive, mild and severe combined) had significantly higher mean SRS scores compared to the latent class subtype with few ADHD symptoms (p < .001, all comparisons). DSM-IV combined subtype and the population-derived severe combined subtype had the highest mean total SRS scores and the highest mean scores for each of the three autism symptom domains, with a substantial proportion of individuals scoring in the clinically significant range. Conclusions: This study provides population-based evidence for clinically significant elevations of autistic traits in children meeting diagnostic criteria for ADHD. These results have implications for the design and interpretation of studies of both disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01720.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=958 [article] Autistic traits in a population-based ADHD twin sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Angela M. REIERSEN, Auteur ; Richard D. TODD, Auteur ; John N. CONSTANTINO, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.464–472. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.464–472 Mots-clés : ADHD autism PDD Social-Responsiveness-Scale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Most diagnostic nomenclatures do not allow for the concurrent diagnosis of autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Clinic-based studies suggest autistic symptoms are common in children with ADHD, but such studies are prone to referral bias. This study assesses whether children with ADHD selected from the general twin population have elevated levels of autistic traits. Methods: Nine hundred forty-six twins identified by Missouri birth records were assigned to DSM-IV ADHD diagnoses and seven population-derived ADHD subtypes defined through latent class analysis of DSM-IV ADHD symptoms. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) was used as a quantitative measure of autistic traits. Linear regression was used to evaluate whether mean SRS scores differed between ADHD diagnostic groups. Results: Mean SRS scores for DSM-IV predominantly inattentive subtype and combined subtype ADHD groups were significantly higher than for subjects without DSM-IV ADHD (p < .001, both comparisons). Five of the population-derived ADHD subtypes (talkative-impulsive, mild and severe inattentive, mild and severe combined) had significantly higher mean SRS scores compared to the latent class subtype with few ADHD symptoms (p < .001, all comparisons). DSM-IV combined subtype and the population-derived severe combined subtype had the highest mean total SRS scores and the highest mean scores for each of the three autism symptom domains, with a substantial proportion of individuals scoring in the clinically significant range. Conclusions: This study provides population-based evidence for clinically significant elevations of autistic traits in children meeting diagnostic criteria for ADHD. These results have implications for the design and interpretation of studies of both disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01720.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=958

The effectiveness of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) training for teachers of children with autism: a pragmatic, group randomised controlled trial / Patricia HOWLIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.473–481 Titre : The effectiveness of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) training for teachers of children with autism: a pragmatic, group randomised controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; R. Kate GORDON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Angie WADE, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.473–481 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Randomised-controlled-trial PECS autism intervention communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To assess the effectiveness of expert training and consultancy for teachers of children with autism spectrum disorder in the use of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS). Method: Design: Group randomised, controlled trial (3 groups: immediate treatment, delayed treatment, no treatment). Participants: 84 elementary school children, mean age 6.8 years. Treatment: A 2-day PECS workshop for teachers plus 6 half-day, school-based training sessions with expert consultants over 5 months. Outcome measures: Rates of: communicative initiations, use of PECS, and speech in the classroom; Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G) domain scores for Communication and Reciprocal Social Interaction; scores on formal language tests. Results: Controlling for baseline age, developmental quotient (DQ) and language; rates of initiations and PECS usage increased significantly immediately post-treatment (Odds Ratio (OR) of being in a higher ordinal rate category 2.72, 95% confidence interval 1.22–6.09, p < .05 and OR 3.90 (95%CI 1.75–8.68), p < .001, respectively). There were no increases in frequency of speech, or improvements in ADOS-G ratings or language test scores. Conclusions: The results indicate modest effectiveness of PECS teacher training/consultancy. Rates of pupils’ initiations and use of symbols in the classroom increased, although there was no evidence of improvement in other areas of communication. Treatment effects were not maintained once active intervention ceased. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01707.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=959 [article] The effectiveness of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) training for teachers of children with autism: a pragmatic, group randomised controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; R. Kate GORDON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Angie WADE, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.473–481. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.473–481 Mots-clés : Randomised-controlled-trial PECS autism intervention communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To assess the effectiveness of expert training and consultancy for teachers of children with autism spectrum disorder in the use of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS). Method: Design: Group randomised, controlled trial (3 groups: immediate treatment, delayed treatment, no treatment). Participants: 84 elementary school children, mean age 6.8 years. Treatment: A 2-day PECS workshop for teachers plus 6 half-day, school-based training sessions with expert consultants over 5 months. Outcome measures: Rates of: communicative initiations, use of PECS, and speech in the classroom; Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G) domain scores for Communication and Reciprocal Social Interaction; scores on formal language tests. Results: Controlling for baseline age, developmental quotient (DQ) and language; rates of initiations and PECS usage increased significantly immediately post-treatment (Odds Ratio (OR) of being in a higher ordinal rate category 2.72, 95% confidence interval 1.22–6.09, p < .05 and OR 3.90 (95%CI 1.75–8.68), p < .001, respectively). There were no increases in frequency of speech, or improvements in ADOS-G ratings or language test scores. Conclusions: The results indicate modest effectiveness of PECS teacher training/consultancy. Rates of pupils’ initiations and use of symbols in the classroom increased, although there was no evidence of improvement in other areas of communication. Treatment effects were not maintained once active intervention ceased. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01707.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=959

Eye-witness memory and suggestibility in children with Asperger syndrome / Eamon J. MCCRORY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.482–489 Titre : Eye-witness memory and suggestibility in children with Asperger syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur ; Lucy A. HENRY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.482–489 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger-syndrome autistic-disorder memory eye-witness suggestibility executive-function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) present with a particular profile of memory deficits, executive dysfunction and impaired social interaction that may raise concerns about their recall and reliability in forensic and legal contexts. Extant studies of memory shed limited light on this issue as they involved either laboratory-based tasks or protocols that varied between participants. Method: The current study used a live classroom event to investigate eye-witness recall and suggestibility in children with Asperger syndrome (AS group; N = 24) and typically developing children (TD group; N = 27). All participants were aged between 11 and 14 years and were interviewed using a structured protocol. Two measures of executive functioning were also administered. Results: The AS group were found to be no more suggestible and no less accurate than their peers. However, free recall elicited less information, including gist, in the AS group. TD, but not AS, participants tended to focus on the socially salient aspects of the scene in their free recall. Both general and specific questioning elicited similar numbers of new details in both groups. Significant correlations were found between memory recall and executive functioning performance in the AS group only. Conclusions: The present study indicates that children with AS can act as reliable witnesses but they may be more reliant on questioning to facilitate recall. Our findings also provide evidence for poor gist memory. It is speculated that such differences stem from weak central coherence and lead to a reliance on generic cognitive processes, such as executive functions, during recall. Future studies are required to investigate possible differences in compliance, rates of forgetting and false memory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01715.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=960 [article] Eye-witness memory and suggestibility in children with Asperger syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur ; Lucy A. HENRY, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.482–489. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.482–489 Mots-clés : Asperger-syndrome autistic-disorder memory eye-witness suggestibility executive-function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) present with a particular profile of memory deficits, executive dysfunction and impaired social interaction that may raise concerns about their recall and reliability in forensic and legal contexts. Extant studies of memory shed limited light on this issue as they involved either laboratory-based tasks or protocols that varied between participants. Method: The current study used a live classroom event to investigate eye-witness recall and suggestibility in children with Asperger syndrome (AS group; N = 24) and typically developing children (TD group; N = 27). All participants were aged between 11 and 14 years and were interviewed using a structured protocol. Two measures of executive functioning were also administered. Results: The AS group were found to be no more suggestible and no less accurate than their peers. However, free recall elicited less information, including gist, in the AS group. TD, but not AS, participants tended to focus on the socially salient aspects of the scene in their free recall. Both general and specific questioning elicited similar numbers of new details in both groups. Significant correlations were found between memory recall and executive functioning performance in the AS group only. Conclusions: The present study indicates that children with AS can act as reliable witnesses but they may be more reliant on questioning to facilitate recall. Our findings also provide evidence for poor gist memory. It is speculated that such differences stem from weak central coherence and lead to a reliance on generic cognitive processes, such as executive functions, during recall. Future studies are required to investigate possible differences in compliance, rates of forgetting and false memory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01715.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=960

Association between nonmaternal care in the first year of life and children's receptive language skills prior to school entry: the moderating role of socioeconomic status / Marie-Claude GEOFFROY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.490–497 Titre : Association between nonmaternal care in the first year of life and children's receptive language skills prior to school entry: the moderating role of socioeconomic status Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marie-Claude GEOFFROY, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Sylvana M. CÔTÉ, Auteur ; Anne I.H. BORGE, Auteur ; Frank LAROUCHE, Auteur ; Jean R. SEGUIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.490–497 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Language-development cognitive-development nonmaternal-care child-care socioeconomic-status infancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies have suggested that nonmaternal care (NMC) may either carry risks or be beneficial for children's language development. However, few tested the possibility that NMC may be more or less protective for children with different family backgrounds. This study investigates the role of the family environment, as reflected in the socioeconomic status (SES), in the association between NMC in the first year of life and children's receptive language skills prior to school entry. Method: A representative sample of 2,297 Canadian children aged between 0 and 11 months at their first assessment was followed over 4 years. Receptive language skills were assessed with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test Revised (PPVT-R) when the child was 4 to 5 years old. Results: After controlling for selection factors, SES was found to moderate the association between NMC and receptive language skills: Full-time NMC in the first year of life was associated with higher PPVT-R scores among children from low SES families (d = .58), but not among children from adequate SES families. Conclusion: Full-time NMC in infancy may contribute to reducing the cognitive inequalities between children of low and adequate SES. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01704.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=961 [article] Association between nonmaternal care in the first year of life and children's receptive language skills prior to school entry: the moderating role of socioeconomic status [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marie-Claude GEOFFROY, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Sylvana M. CÔTÉ, Auteur ; Anne I.H. BORGE, Auteur ; Frank LAROUCHE, Auteur ; Jean R. SEGUIN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.490–497. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.490–497 Mots-clés : Language-development cognitive-development nonmaternal-care child-care socioeconomic-status infancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies have suggested that nonmaternal care (NMC) may either carry risks or be beneficial for children's language development. However, few tested the possibility that NMC may be more or less protective for children with different family backgrounds. This study investigates the role of the family environment, as reflected in the socioeconomic status (SES), in the association between NMC in the first year of life and children's receptive language skills prior to school entry. Method: A representative sample of 2,297 Canadian children aged between 0 and 11 months at their first assessment was followed over 4 years. Receptive language skills were assessed with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test Revised (PPVT-R) when the child was 4 to 5 years old. Results: After controlling for selection factors, SES was found to moderate the association between NMC and receptive language skills: Full-time NMC in the first year of life was associated with higher PPVT-R scores among children from low SES families (d = .58), but not among children from adequate SES families. Conclusion: Full-time NMC in infancy may contribute to reducing the cognitive inequalities between children of low and adequate SES. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01704.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=961

Developmental course of psychopathology in youths with and without intellectual disabilities / Karen P. DE RUITER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.498–507 Titre : Developmental course of psychopathology in youths with and without intellectual disabilities Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Karen P. DE RUITER, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Marielle C. DEKKER, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.498–507 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Intellectual-disability behaviour-problems development longitudinal-studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to describe similarities and differences in the developmental course of psychopathology between children with and without intellectual disabilities (ID). Methods: Multilevel growth curve analysis was used to analyse the developmental course of psychopathology, using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), in two longitudinal multiple-birth-cohort samples of 6- to 18-year-old children with ID (N = 978) and without ID (N = 2,047) using three repeated measurements across a 6-year period. Results: Children with ID showed a higher level of problem behaviours across all ages compared to children without ID. A significant difference between the samples in the developmental courses was found for Aggressive Behaviour and Attention Problems, where children with ID showed a significantly larger decrease. Gender differences in the development of psychopathology were similar in both samples, except for Social Problems where males with ID showed a larger decrease in problem behaviour across time than females with ID and males and females without ID. Conclusions: Results indicate that children with ID continue to show a greater risk for psychopathology compared to typically developing children, although this higher risk is less pronounced at age 18 than it is at age 6 for Aggressive Behaviour. Contrary to our expectations, the developmental course of psychopathology in children with ID was quite similar from age 6 to 18 compared to children without ID. The normative developmental trajectories of psychopathology in children with ID, presented here, can serve as a yardstick against which development of childhood psychopathology can be detected as deviant. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01712.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=962 [article] Developmental course of psychopathology in youths with and without intellectual disabilities [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Karen P. DE RUITER, Auteur ; Frank C. VERHULST, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Marielle C. DEKKER, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.498–507. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.498–507 Mots-clés : Intellectual-disability behaviour-problems development longitudinal-studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to describe similarities and differences in the developmental course of psychopathology between children with and without intellectual disabilities (ID). Methods: Multilevel growth curve analysis was used to analyse the developmental course of psychopathology, using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), in two longitudinal multiple-birth-cohort samples of 6- to 18-year-old children with ID (N = 978) and without ID (N = 2,047) using three repeated measurements across a 6-year period. Results: Children with ID showed a higher level of problem behaviours across all ages compared to children without ID. A significant difference between the samples in the developmental courses was found for Aggressive Behaviour and Attention Problems, where children with ID showed a significantly larger decrease. Gender differences in the development of psychopathology were similar in both samples, except for Social Problems where males with ID showed a larger decrease in problem behaviour across time than females with ID and males and females without ID. Conclusions: Results indicate that children with ID continue to show a greater risk for psychopathology compared to typically developing children, although this higher risk is less pronounced at age 18 than it is at age 6 for Aggressive Behaviour. Contrary to our expectations, the developmental course of psychopathology in children with ID was quite similar from age 6 to 18 compared to children without ID. The normative developmental trajectories of psychopathology in children with ID, presented here, can serve as a yardstick against which development of childhood psychopathology can be detected as deviant. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01712.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=962

Continuity of functional-somatic symptoms from late childhood to young adulthood in a community sample / Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.508–513 Titre : Continuity of functional-somatic symptoms from late childhood to young adulthood in a community sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Christa WINKLER METZKE, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.508–513 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Functional-somatic-symptoms adolescence adulthood community-study longitudinal-study psychopathology epidemiology outcome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The goal of this study was to assess the course of functional-somatic symptoms from late childhood to young adulthood and the associations of these symptoms with young adult psychopathology. Methods: Data were collected in a large community sample at three different points in time (1994, 1997, and 2001). Functional-somatic symptoms were represented by nine self-reported items of the Youth Self Report (YSR) or the Young Adult Self Report (YASR). Only definite expressions of these symptoms were counted. Results: Definite functional-somatic symptoms across time ranged between 1.0 and 2.6% for dizziness, 3.0 and 6.7% for overtiredness, 1.0 and 2.9% for aches and pains, 5.6 and 8.3% for headaches, 1.2 and 1.9% for nausea, 2.5 and 3.0% for stomach-ache, and .2 and .8% for vomiting. In general, symptoms were more common in females at various times. In high-scoring subjects there was a significantly higher chance of functional-somatic symptoms persisting across time. Conclusions: Functional-somatic symptoms in childhood and adolescents can be easily identified in the community. In high-scoring subjects they tend to persist from childhood to adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01721.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=963 [article] Continuity of functional-somatic symptoms from late childhood to young adulthood in a community sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Christa WINKLER METZKE, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.508–513. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.508–513 Mots-clés : Functional-somatic-symptoms adolescence adulthood community-study longitudinal-study psychopathology epidemiology outcome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The goal of this study was to assess the course of functional-somatic symptoms from late childhood to young adulthood and the associations of these symptoms with young adult psychopathology. Methods: Data were collected in a large community sample at three different points in time (1994, 1997, and 2001). Functional-somatic symptoms were represented by nine self-reported items of the Youth Self Report (YSR) or the Young Adult Self Report (YASR). Only definite expressions of these symptoms were counted. Results: Definite functional-somatic symptoms across time ranged between 1.0 and 2.6% for dizziness, 3.0 and 6.7% for overtiredness, 1.0 and 2.9% for aches and pains, 5.6 and 8.3% for headaches, 1.2 and 1.9% for nausea, 2.5 and 3.0% for stomach-ache, and .2 and .8% for vomiting. In general, symptoms were more common in females at various times. In high-scoring subjects there was a significantly higher chance of functional-somatic symptoms persisting across time. Conclusions: Functional-somatic symptoms in childhood and adolescents can be easily identified in the community. In high-scoring subjects they tend to persist from childhood to adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01721.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=963

Pacific Islands Families Study: behavioral problems among two-year-old Pacific children living in New Zealand / Janis PATERSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.514–522 Titre : Pacific Islands Families Study: behavioral problems among two-year-old Pacific children living in New Zealand Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Janis PATERSON, Auteur ; Sarnia CARTER, Auteur ; Wanzhen GAO, Auteur ; Lana PERESE, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.514–522 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child-behavior Pacific-children behavior-problems Child-Behavior-Checklist ethnicity longitudinal-studies externalizing-disorder internalizing-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of this study was to determine (1) the prevalence of behavioral problems among two-year-old Pacific children living in New Zealand, (2) ethnic differences in behavioral problems, and (3) relationships between maternal and socio-demographic variables and problem child behavior. Methods: Data were gathered from the Pacific Islands Families (PIF) Study. Mothers of a cohort of 1398 Pacific infants born in Auckland, New Zealand during 2000 were interviewed when the children were two years of age. Maternal reports (1028) of child behavior were obtained using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results: In the PIF cohort, 15.6% of children were in the clinical range with one or more deviant scores from the seven syndrome scales, and 14% were in the borderline range. The prevalence rate of internalizing problems was 17.1% in the clinical range and 8.9% in the borderline range. The prevalence rate of externalizing problems was 6.6% in the clinical range and 13.7% in the borderline range. The prevalence rate of total problems was 14.2% in the clinical range and 9.6% in the borderline range. Discipline and maternal education were significantly associated with elevated externalizing scores. Household size, maternal education, cultural orientation, and number of years living in New Zealand were significantly associated with internalizing scores. Child ethnicity was significantly associated with internalizing, externalizing and total problem behavior scores. In the clinical range, child ethnicity and gender were significantly associated with the prevalence of problem behavior. Conclusions: Cross-ethnicity differences in CBCL scores were found, which illustrates the diversity in the Pacific population in New Zealand. Such findings highlight the way in which preschool behavior problems may vary within specific cultural settings and underscore the need for in-depth research to explore these unique contexts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01716.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=964 [article] Pacific Islands Families Study: behavioral problems among two-year-old Pacific children living in New Zealand [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Janis PATERSON, Auteur ; Sarnia CARTER, Auteur ; Wanzhen GAO, Auteur ; Lana PERESE, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.514–522. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.514–522 Mots-clés : Child-behavior Pacific-children behavior-problems Child-Behavior-Checklist ethnicity longitudinal-studies externalizing-disorder internalizing-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of this study was to determine (1) the prevalence of behavioral problems among two-year-old Pacific children living in New Zealand, (2) ethnic differences in behavioral problems, and (3) relationships between maternal and socio-demographic variables and problem child behavior. Methods: Data were gathered from the Pacific Islands Families (PIF) Study. Mothers of a cohort of 1398 Pacific infants born in Auckland, New Zealand during 2000 were interviewed when the children were two years of age. Maternal reports (1028) of child behavior were obtained using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results: In the PIF cohort, 15.6% of children were in the clinical range with one or more deviant scores from the seven syndrome scales, and 14% were in the borderline range. The prevalence rate of internalizing problems was 17.1% in the clinical range and 8.9% in the borderline range. The prevalence rate of externalizing problems was 6.6% in the clinical range and 13.7% in the borderline range. The prevalence rate of total problems was 14.2% in the clinical range and 9.6% in the borderline range. Discipline and maternal education were significantly associated with elevated externalizing scores. Household size, maternal education, cultural orientation, and number of years living in New Zealand were significantly associated with internalizing scores. Child ethnicity was significantly associated with internalizing, externalizing and total problem behavior scores. In the clinical range, child ethnicity and gender were significantly associated with the prevalence of problem behavior. Conclusions: Cross-ethnicity differences in CBCL scores were found, which illustrates the diversity in the Pacific population in New Zealand. Such findings highlight the way in which preschool behavior problems may vary within specific cultural settings and underscore the need for in-depth research to explore these unique contexts. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01716.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=964

Editorial: Controlling ourselves: insights into the development of psychopathology / Kirby DEATER-DECKARD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48-5 (May 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.413–414 Titre : Editorial: Controlling ourselves: insights into the development of psychopathology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.413–414 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01764.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Editorial: Controlling ourselves: insights into the development of psychopathology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kirby DEATER-DECKARD, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.413–414. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 48-5 (May 2007) . - p.413–414 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01764.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422