Autistic-like traits in children are associated with enhanced performance in a qualitative visual working memory task / C. J. HAMILTON in Autism Research, 11-11 (November 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-11 (November 2018) . - p.1494-1499 Titre : Autistic-like traits in children are associated with enhanced performance in a qualitative visual working memory task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. J. HAMILTON, Auteur ; I. C. MAMMARELLA, Auteur ; D. GIOFRE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1494-1499 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : broader autism phenotype  children  cognition  long-term memory  visual working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research has suggested that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) demonstrate heterogeneity in cognitive efficacy, challenged executive resources but efficient visual processing. These contrasts lead to opposing predictions about visuospatial working memory competency in both ASD and the broader autism phenotype (BAP); compromised by constrained executive processes, but potentially scaffolded by effective visual representation. It is surprising therefore, that there is a paucity of visual working memory (VWM) research in both the ASD and BAP populations, which have focused upon the visual features of the to-be-remembered stimulus. We assessed whether individual differences in VWM were associated with autistic-like traits (ALTs) in the BAP. About 76 children carried out the Visual Just Noticeable Difference task, designed to measure high fidelity feature representation within VWM. ALTs were measured with the Children's Empathy Quotient and Systemizing Quotient. Analyses revealed a significant positive relationship between Systemizing and VWM performance. This complements ASD studies in visual processing and highlights the need for further research on the working memory-long-term memory interface in ASD and BAP populations. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1494-1499. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study was interested in how well children with high levels of autistic-like traits (ALTs) carry out a task which involved memorizing, for brief time, the precise size of colored shapes. The results suggested that children with high levels of ALTs performed the task relatively well. This finding is in contrast to many previous studies suggest that ALTs are associated with poor memory, and suggests that future research needs to look more finely at how individuals carry out these tasks. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2028 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370 [article] Autistic-like traits in children are associated with enhanced performance in a qualitative visual working memory task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. J. HAMILTON, Auteur ; I. C. MAMMARELLA, Auteur ; D. GIOFRE, Auteur . - p.1494-1499. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-11 (November 2018) . - p.1494-1499 Mots-clés : broader autism phenotype  children  cognition  long-term memory  visual working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research has suggested that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) demonstrate heterogeneity in cognitive efficacy, challenged executive resources but efficient visual processing. These contrasts lead to opposing predictions about visuospatial working memory competency in both ASD and the broader autism phenotype (BAP); compromised by constrained executive processes, but potentially scaffolded by effective visual representation. It is surprising therefore, that there is a paucity of visual working memory (VWM) research in both the ASD and BAP populations, which have focused upon the visual features of the to-be-remembered stimulus. We assessed whether individual differences in VWM were associated with autistic-like traits (ALTs) in the BAP. About 76 children carried out the Visual Just Noticeable Difference task, designed to measure high fidelity feature representation within VWM. ALTs were measured with the Children's Empathy Quotient and Systemizing Quotient. Analyses revealed a significant positive relationship between Systemizing and VWM performance. This complements ASD studies in visual processing and highlights the need for further research on the working memory-long-term memory interface in ASD and BAP populations. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1494-1499. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study was interested in how well children with high levels of autistic-like traits (ALTs) carry out a task which involved memorizing, for brief time, the precise size of colored shapes. The results suggested that children with high levels of ALTs performed the task relatively well. This finding is in contrast to many previous studies suggest that ALTs are associated with poor memory, and suggests that future research needs to look more finely at how individuals carry out these tasks. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2028 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370

Memory strategies in autistic and older adults / C. TORENVLIET in Autism Research, 17-10 (October 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-10 (October 2024) . - p.2092-2104 Titre : Memory strategies in autistic and older adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. TORENVLIET, Auteur ; A. P. GROENMAN, Auteur ; E. VAN DER BURG, Auteur ; R. C. CHARLTON, Auteur ; C. J. HAMILTON, Auteur ; H. M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2092-2104 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : aging  autism  memory strategies  visual memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Memory strategies in autistic adults seem to mimic strategies at older age, as both younger autistic and older non-autistic individuals use fewer semantic features in visual memory tasks. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate whether early differences in memory strategies lead to altered age-related effects in autism, particularly whether initial difficulties in strategy use become advantageous at older age (i.e., ?protective aging?). A total of 147 participants across four groups (autistic younger/older, non-autistic younger/older) completed an online assessment. This assessment included a recognition version of the Visual Patterns Test (VPT) to evaluate semantic strategy use in visual memory, the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) size task for assessing visual processing, and the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire to evaluate subjective memory functioning and strategy use (MMQ). Unexpectedly, all groups benefited from semantic features on the VPT, although the older groups performed less accurately and slower than the younger groups. The JND Size task showed no group differences. Autistic adults rated their MMQ memory as worse than non-autistic adults, despite reporting greater strategy use. These results indicate that cognitive strategies might be more similar between younger/older and autistic/non-autistic people than previously expected, although notable discrepancies between objective and subjective measures were present. They also substantiate previously reported parallel (i.e., similar) age-related effects between autistic and non-autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3195 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=536 [article] Memory strategies in autistic and older adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. TORENVLIET, Auteur ; A. P. GROENMAN, Auteur ; E. VAN DER BURG, Auteur ; R. C. CHARLTON, Auteur ; C. J. HAMILTON, Auteur ; H. M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.2092-2104. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-10 (October 2024) . - p.2092-2104 Mots-clés : aging  autism  memory strategies  visual memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Memory strategies in autistic adults seem to mimic strategies at older age, as both younger autistic and older non-autistic individuals use fewer semantic features in visual memory tasks. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate whether early differences in memory strategies lead to altered age-related effects in autism, particularly whether initial difficulties in strategy use become advantageous at older age (i.e., ?protective aging?). A total of 147 participants across four groups (autistic younger/older, non-autistic younger/older) completed an online assessment. This assessment included a recognition version of the Visual Patterns Test (VPT) to evaluate semantic strategy use in visual memory, the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) size task for assessing visual processing, and the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire to evaluate subjective memory functioning and strategy use (MMQ). Unexpectedly, all groups benefited from semantic features on the VPT, although the older groups performed less accurately and slower than the younger groups. The JND Size task showed no group differences. Autistic adults rated their MMQ memory as worse than non-autistic adults, despite reporting greater strategy use. These results indicate that cognitive strategies might be more similar between younger/older and autistic/non-autistic people than previously expected, although notable discrepancies between objective and subjective measures were present. They also substantiate previously reported parallel (i.e., similar) age-related effects between autistic and non-autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3195 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=536

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