Cumulative contextual risk, maternal responsivity, and social cognition at 18 months / Mark WADE in Development and Psychopathology, 27-1 (February 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 27-1 (February 2015) . - p.189-203 Titre : Cumulative contextual risk, maternal responsivity, and social cognition at 18 months Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark WADE, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur ; Janet Wilde ASTINGTON, Auteur ; Kristen FRAMPTON, Auteur ; Jennifer M. JENKINS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.189-203 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : By 18 months children demonstrate a range of social–cognitive skills that can be considered important precursors to more advanced forms of social understanding such as theory of mind. Although individual differences in social cognition have been linked to neurocognitive maturation, sociocultural models of development suggest that environmental influences operate in the development of children's social–cognitive outcomes. In the current study of 501 children and their mothers, we tested and found support for a model in which distal environmental risk, assessed when children were newborns, was indirectly associated with children's social–cognitive competency at 18 months through mothers' responsivity at 18 months. Part of this effect also operated through children's concomitant language skills, suggesting both a language-mediated and a language-independent mechanism of social–cognitive development. These findings are discussed with respect to the Vygotskian themes of internalization and semiotic mediation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579414000674 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257 [article] Cumulative contextual risk, maternal responsivity, and social cognition at 18 months [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark WADE, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur ; Janet Wilde ASTINGTON, Auteur ; Kristen FRAMPTON, Auteur ; Jennifer M. JENKINS, Auteur . - p.189-203. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 27-1 (February 2015) . - p.189-203 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : By 18 months children demonstrate a range of social–cognitive skills that can be considered important precursors to more advanced forms of social understanding such as theory of mind. Although individual differences in social cognition have been linked to neurocognitive maturation, sociocultural models of development suggest that environmental influences operate in the development of children's social–cognitive outcomes. In the current study of 501 children and their mothers, we tested and found support for a model in which distal environmental risk, assessed when children were newborns, was indirectly associated with children's social–cognitive competency at 18 months through mothers' responsivity at 18 months. Part of this effect also operated through children's concomitant language skills, suggesting both a language-mediated and a language-independent mechanism of social–cognitive development. These findings are discussed with respect to the Vygotskian themes of internalization and semiotic mediation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579414000674 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=257

Early expressive and receptive language trajectories in high-risk infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder / Julie LONGARD in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 2 (January-December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism & Developmental Language Impairments > 2 (January-December 2017) Titre : Early expressive and receptive language trajectories in high-risk infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Julie LONGARD, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Eric DUKU, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur ; Isabel M. SMITH, Auteur ; Nancy GARON, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Tracy VAILLANCOURT, Auteur ; Susan E. BRYSON, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background 152 LR controls, 52% boys) followed from age 6 or 12 months to 36 months. Based on independent, best-estimate clinical diagnoses at 36 months, HR participants were classified as HR-ASD (n=94; 69% boys), or HR-N (n=277; 52% boys); the sample also included 152 LR controls (52% boys). Expressive and receptive language trajectories were examined based on corresponding domain standard scores on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. In the combined sample of HR and LR infants, semi-parametric group-based modeling was used to identify distinct trajectories in MSEL standard scores.ResultsA 3-group solution provided optimal fit to variation in both expressive and receptive language, with the following patterns of scores: (1) inclining from average to above average, (2) stable-average, and (3) declining from average to well below average. For both expressive and receptive language, membership in these trajectories was related to 3-year diagnostic outcomes.ConclusionsAlthough HR-ASD, HR-N, and LR control infants were in each trajectory group, membership in the declining trajectory (expressive and/or receptive) was associated with an ASD diagnosis.ImplicationsEvidence of declining trajectories in either expressive or receptive language may be a risk marker for ASD in a high-risk sample. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941517737418 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386 [article] Early expressive and receptive language trajectories in high-risk infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Julie LONGARD, Auteur ; Jessica BRIAN, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; Eric DUKU, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur ; Isabel M. SMITH, Auteur ; Nancy GARON, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Tracy VAILLANCOURT, Auteur ; Susan E. BRYSON, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism & Developmental Language Impairments > 2 (January-December 2017) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background 152 LR controls, 52% boys) followed from age 6 or 12 months to 36 months. Based on independent, best-estimate clinical diagnoses at 36 months, HR participants were classified as HR-ASD (n=94; 69% boys), or HR-N (n=277; 52% boys); the sample also included 152 LR controls (52% boys). Expressive and receptive language trajectories were examined based on corresponding domain standard scores on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. In the combined sample of HR and LR infants, semi-parametric group-based modeling was used to identify distinct trajectories in MSEL standard scores.ResultsA 3-group solution provided optimal fit to variation in both expressive and receptive language, with the following patterns of scores: (1) inclining from average to above average, (2) stable-average, and (3) declining from average to well below average. For both expressive and receptive language, membership in these trajectories was related to 3-year diagnostic outcomes.ConclusionsAlthough HR-ASD, HR-N, and LR control infants were in each trajectory group, membership in the declining trajectory (expressive and/or receptive) was associated with an ASD diagnosis.ImplicationsEvidence of declining trajectories in either expressive or receptive language may be a risk marker for ASD in a high-risk sample. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941517737418 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386

Moral foundations theory in autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative investigation / Erin E. DEMPSEY in Autism, 24-8 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2202-2212 Titre : Moral foundations theory in autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative investigation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erin E. DEMPSEY, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur ; Annie E. RICHARD, Auteur ; Isabel M SMITH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2202-2212 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *autism spectrum disorders  *commonsense psychology  *ethics  *moral emotion  *moral foundations theory  *morality  *social cognition and social behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Morality is important for how humans treat each other and non-human animals. Differences in moral thinking have been found between autistic and neurotypical individuals. This research has relied on ways of thinking about moral psychology that suggest that mature morals develop as individuals learn to take the perspectives of others. Yet, even autistic individuals, who sometimes differ in their ability to take others' perspectives, make moral judgements that are similar to neurotypical individuals. Moral foundations theory suggests that moral psychology is not hierarchical but differs depending on culture. This theory could therefore help make sense of similarities and differences in autistic and neurotypical moral thinking. Moral foundations theory has not yet been investigated among autistic individuals. In this study, we interviewed autistic adults as a first attempt at understanding how moral foundations theory fits with autistic moral thinking. We found that all five moral foundations of moral foundations theory were represented in the interviews, yet certain foundations appeared more prominent than others. The autistic adults interviewed in our study discussed issues of care and fairness more than of loyalty, authority or purity when prompted to discuss moral transgressions. Future research should use quantitative methods to compare groups of autistic and neurotypical individuals to clarify similarities and differences in moral thinking between the groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320939331 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 [article] Moral foundations theory in autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative investigation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erin E. DEMPSEY, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur ; Annie E. RICHARD, Auteur ; Isabel M SMITH, Auteur . - p.2202-2212. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2202-2212 Mots-clés : *autism spectrum disorders  *commonsense psychology  *ethics  *moral emotion  *moral foundations theory  *morality  *social cognition and social behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Morality is important for how humans treat each other and non-human animals. Differences in moral thinking have been found between autistic and neurotypical individuals. This research has relied on ways of thinking about moral psychology that suggest that mature morals develop as individuals learn to take the perspectives of others. Yet, even autistic individuals, who sometimes differ in their ability to take others' perspectives, make moral judgements that are similar to neurotypical individuals. Moral foundations theory suggests that moral psychology is not hierarchical but differs depending on culture. This theory could therefore help make sense of similarities and differences in autistic and neurotypical moral thinking. Moral foundations theory has not yet been investigated among autistic individuals. In this study, we interviewed autistic adults as a first attempt at understanding how moral foundations theory fits with autistic moral thinking. We found that all five moral foundations of moral foundations theory were represented in the interviews, yet certain foundations appeared more prominent than others. The autistic adults interviewed in our study discussed issues of care and fairness more than of loyalty, authority or purity when prompted to discuss moral transgressions. Future research should use quantitative methods to compare groups of autistic and neurotypical individuals to clarify similarities and differences in moral thinking between the groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320939331 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431

Targets and Cues: Gaze-following in Children with Autism / Susan R. LEEKAM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39-7 (October 1998)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 39-7 (October 1998) . - p.951-962 Titre : Targets and Cues: Gaze-following in Children with Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan R. LEEKAM, Auteur ; Emma HUNNISETT, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur Année de publication : 1998 Article en page(s) : p.951-962 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  attention  nonverbal communication  gaze-following  joint attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism are known to have difficulties in sharing attention with others. Yet one joint attention behaviour, the ability to follow another person's head turn and gaze direction, may be achieved without necessarily sharing attention. Why, then, should autistic children have difficulties with it? In this study we examined the extent of this difficulty by testing school-aged autistic children across three different contexts; experiment, observation, and parent interview. We also tested whether the ability to orient to another person's head and gaze could be facilitated by increasing children's attention to environmental targets and social cues. Results for experiment and observation demonstrate that a sizeable proportion of children with autism did not have difficulties with following another's head turn. There was a difference between children with high and low verbal mental ages, however. Whereas children with higher mental ages (over 48 months) were able to orient spontaneously to another person's head turn, children with lower mental ages had difficulties with this response. When cues were added (pointing, language) or when feedback from targets was given, however, their performance improved. Parent interview data indicated that children with autism, whatever their mental age, began to follow head turn and gaze direction years later than typically developing children. Developments in attention and language are proposed as possible factors to account for this developmental delay. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=123 [article] Targets and Cues: Gaze-following in Children with Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan R. LEEKAM, Auteur ; Emma HUNNISETT, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur . - 1998 . - p.951-962. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 39-7 (October 1998) . - p.951-962 Mots-clés : Autism  attention  nonverbal communication  gaze-following  joint attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism are known to have difficulties in sharing attention with others. Yet one joint attention behaviour, the ability to follow another person's head turn and gaze direction, may be achieved without necessarily sharing attention. Why, then, should autistic children have difficulties with it? In this study we examined the extent of this difficulty by testing school-aged autistic children across three different contexts; experiment, observation, and parent interview. We also tested whether the ability to orient to another person's head and gaze could be facilitated by increasing children's attention to environmental targets and social cues. Results for experiment and observation demonstrate that a sizeable proportion of children with autism did not have difficulties with following another's head turn. There was a difference between children with high and low verbal mental ages, however. Whereas children with higher mental ages (over 48 months) were able to orient spontaneously to another person's head turn, children with lower mental ages had difficulties with this response. When cues were added (pointing, language) or when feedback from targets was given, however, their performance improved. Parent interview data indicated that children with autism, whatever their mental age, began to follow head turn and gaze direction years later than typically developing children. Developments in attention and language are proposed as possible factors to account for this developmental delay. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=123

The Development of Attention and Joint Attention in Children With Autism / Susan R. LEEKAM

Public ISBD contenu dans The Development of Autism / Jacob A. BURACK Titre : The Development of Attention and Joint Attention in Children With Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan R. LEEKAM, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur Année de publication : 2001 Importance : p.105-129 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Orientation attentionnelle; Index. décimale : AUT-B AUT-B - L'Autisme - Ouvrages généraux et scientifiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=384 contenu dans The Development of Autism / Jacob A. BURACK The Development of Attention and Joint Attention in Children With Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan R. LEEKAM, Auteur ; Chris MOORE, Auteur . - 2001 . - p.105-129. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Orientation attentionnelle; Index. décimale : AUT-B AUT-B - L'Autisme - Ouvrages généraux et scientifiques Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=384

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