Associations Between Conceptual Reasoning, Problem Solving, and Adaptive Ability in High-functioning Autism / Diane L. WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-11 (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-11 (November 2014) . - p.2908-2920 Titre : Associations Between Conceptual Reasoning, Problem Solving, and Adaptive Ability in High-functioning Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; Jon D. WALKER, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2908-2920 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Conceptual reasoning  Problem solving  Adaptive behavior  Cognitive Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract thinking is generally highly correlated with problem-solving ability which is predictive of better adaptive functioning. Measures of conceptual reasoning, an ecologically-valid laboratory measure of problem-solving, and a report measure of adaptive functioning in the natural environment, were administered to children and adults with and without autism. The individuals with autism had weaker conceptual reasoning ability than individuals with typical development of similar age and cognitive ability. For the autism group, their flexible thinking scores were significantly correlated with laboratory measures of strategy formation and rule shifting and with reported overall adaptive behavior but not socialization scores. Therefore, in autism, flexibility of thought is potentially more important for adaptive functioning in the natural environment than conceptual reasoning or problem-solving. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2190-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241 [article] Associations Between Conceptual Reasoning, Problem Solving, and Adaptive Ability in High-functioning Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; Jon D. WALKER, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur . - p.2908-2920. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-11 (November 2014) . - p.2908-2920 Mots-clés : Autism  Conceptual reasoning  Problem solving  Adaptive behavior  Cognitive Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract thinking is generally highly correlated with problem-solving ability which is predictive of better adaptive functioning. Measures of conceptual reasoning, an ecologically-valid laboratory measure of problem-solving, and a report measure of adaptive functioning in the natural environment, were administered to children and adults with and without autism. The individuals with autism had weaker conceptual reasoning ability than individuals with typical development of similar age and cognitive ability. For the autism group, their flexible thinking scores were significantly correlated with laboratory measures of strategy formation and rule shifting and with reported overall adaptive behavior but not socialization scores. Therefore, in autism, flexibility of thought is potentially more important for adaptive functioning in the natural environment than conceptual reasoning or problem-solving. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2190-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=241

Do individuals with high functioning autism have the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability? / Diane L. WILLIAMS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2-2 (April-June 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 2-2 (April-June 2008) . - p.353-361 Titre : Do individuals with high functioning autism have the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.353-361 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Nonverbal-learning-disability Asperger-syndrome Wechsler-intelligence-scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previously researchers have noted a high level of occurrence of the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability (NLD) in Asperger syndrome (ASP) but not in high functioning autism (HFA). We examined the IQ profile scores of a large sample of children (n = 69) and adults (n = 77) with HFA, stringently diagnosed according to ADOS, ADI-R, and DSM-IV criteria, and a corresponding sample of typical child (n = 72) and adult controls (n = 107). At least one of the three primary components of the Wechsler pattern seen in NLD were found in 17–26% of the children and 20–32% of the adults with HFA. All three components occurred in slightly more than 5% of the children and adults with autism. Overall, the VIQ > PIQ profile seen in NLD occurred in 18% of the sample of individuals stringently diagnosed with HFA. Therefore, obtaining this IQ profile is not a valid clinical discriminator between NLD and HFA. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2007.08.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 [article] Do individuals with high functioning autism have the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Nicole KOJKOWSKI, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.353-361. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 2-2 (April-June 2008) . - p.353-361 Mots-clés : Autism Nonverbal-learning-disability Asperger-syndrome Wechsler-intelligence-scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previously researchers have noted a high level of occurrence of the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability (NLD) in Asperger syndrome (ASP) but not in high functioning autism (HFA). We examined the IQ profile scores of a large sample of children (n = 69) and adults (n = 77) with HFA, stringently diagnosed according to ADOS, ADI-R, and DSM-IV criteria, and a corresponding sample of typical child (n = 72) and adult controls (n = 107). At least one of the three primary components of the Wechsler pattern seen in NLD were found in 17–26% of the children and 20–32% of the adults with HFA. All three components occurred in slightly more than 5% of the children and adults with autism. Overall, the VIQ > PIQ profile seen in NLD occurred in 18% of the sample of individuals stringently diagnosed with HFA. Therefore, obtaining this IQ profile is not a valid clinical discriminator between NLD and HFA. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2007.08.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425

Further understanding of complex information processing in verbal adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders / Diane L. WILLIAMS in Autism, 19-7 (October 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 19-7 (October 2015) . - p.859-867 Titre : Further understanding of complex information processing in verbal adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.859-867 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorders  conceptual reasoning  information processing  language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : More than 20?years ago, Minshew and colleagues proposed the Complex Information Processing model of autism in which the impairment is characterized as a generalized deficit involving multiple modalities and cognitive domains that depend on distributed cortical systems responsible for higher order abilities. Subsequent behavioral work revealed a related dissociation between concept formation and concept identification in autism suggesting the lack of an underlying organizational structure to manage increases in processing loads. The results of a recent study supported the impact of this relative weakness in conceptual reasoning on adaptive functioning in children and adults with autism. In this study, we provide further evidence of the difficulty relatively able older adolescents and adults with autism have with conceptual reasoning and provide evidence that this characterizes their difference from age- and ability-matched controls with typical development better than their differences in language. For verbal adults with autism, language may serve as a bootstrap or compensatory mechanism for learning but cannot overcome an inherent weakness in concept formation that makes information processing challenging as task demands increase. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315586171 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269 [article] Further understanding of complex information processing in verbal adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.859-867. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 19-7 (October 2015) . - p.859-867 Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorders  conceptual reasoning  information processing  language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : More than 20?years ago, Minshew and colleagues proposed the Complex Information Processing model of autism in which the impairment is characterized as a generalized deficit involving multiple modalities and cognitive domains that depend on distributed cortical systems responsible for higher order abilities. Subsequent behavioral work revealed a related dissociation between concept formation and concept identification in autism suggesting the lack of an underlying organizational structure to manage increases in processing loads. The results of a recent study supported the impact of this relative weakness in conceptual reasoning on adaptive functioning in children and adults with autism. In this study, we provide further evidence of the difficulty relatively able older adolescents and adults with autism have with conceptual reasoning and provide evidence that this characterizes their difference from age- and ability-matched controls with typical development better than their differences in language. For verbal adults with autism, language may serve as a bootstrap or compensatory mechanism for learning but cannot overcome an inherent weakness in concept formation that makes information processing challenging as task demands increase. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315586171 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=269

Long-term memory in older children/adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder / Nancy J. MINSHEW ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY in Autism Research, 10-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1523-1532 Titre : Long-term memory in older children/adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1523-1532 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  memory  long-term memory  episodic memory  narrative  memory development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study extends prior memory reports in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by investigating memory for narratives after longer recall periods and by examining developmental aspects of narrative memory using a cross-sectional design. Forty-seven older children/adolescents with ASD and 31 youth with typical development (TD) and 39 adults with ASD and 45 TD adults were compared on memory for stories from standardized measures appropriate for each age group at three intervals (immediate, 30 min, and 2 day). Both the youth with and without ASD had difficulty with memory for story details with increasing time intervals. More of the youths with ASD performed in the range of impairment when recalling the stories 2 days later as compared to the TD group. The adults with ASD had more difficulty on memory for story details with increasing delay and were poorer at recall of thematic information (needed to create a gist) across the three delay conditions as compared to the TD group. Analyses of the individual results suggested that memory for details of most of the adults with ASD was not impaired when applying a clinical standard; however, a significant percentage of the adults with ASD did not make use of thematic information to organize the narrative information, which would have helped them to remember the stories. The youth with and without ASD performed similarly when both were at a stage of development when memory for details is the primary strategy. The adults with ASD had difficulty with use organizational strategies to support episodic memory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1801 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Long-term memory in older children/adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur . - p.1523-1532. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-9 (September 2017) . - p.1523-1532 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  memory  long-term memory  episodic memory  narrative  memory development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study extends prior memory reports in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by investigating memory for narratives after longer recall periods and by examining developmental aspects of narrative memory using a cross-sectional design. Forty-seven older children/adolescents with ASD and 31 youth with typical development (TD) and 39 adults with ASD and 45 TD adults were compared on memory for stories from standardized measures appropriate for each age group at three intervals (immediate, 30 min, and 2 day). Both the youth with and without ASD had difficulty with memory for story details with increasing time intervals. More of the youths with ASD performed in the range of impairment when recalling the stories 2 days later as compared to the TD group. The adults with ASD had more difficulty on memory for story details with increasing delay and were poorer at recall of thematic information (needed to create a gist) across the three delay conditions as compared to the TD group. Analyses of the individual results suggested that memory for details of most of the adults with ASD was not impaired when applying a clinical standard; however, a significant percentage of the adults with ASD did not make use of thematic information to organize the narrative information, which would have helped them to remember the stories. The youth with and without ASD performed similarly when both were at a stage of development when memory for details is the primary strategy. The adults with ASD had difficulty with use organizational strategies to support episodic memory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1801 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Memory within a complex information processing model of autism / Diane L. WILLIAMS

Public ISBD contenu dans Memory In Autism / Jill BOUCHER Titre : Memory within a complex information processing model of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Importance : p.125-142 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : SCI-F SCI-F - Psychologie Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=675 contenu dans Memory In Autism / Jill BOUCHER Memory within a complex information processing model of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Diane L. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Gerald GOLDSTEIN, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.125-142. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : SCI-F SCI-F - Psychologie Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=675

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The Modality Shift Experiment in Adults and Children with High Functioning Autism / Diane L. WILLIAMS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-4 (April 2013)  

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