A comprehensive psychometric analysis of autism-spectrum quotient factor models using two large samples: Model recommendations and the influence of divergent traits on total-scale scores / Michael C. W. ENGLISH in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.45-60 Titre : A comprehensive psychometric analysis of autism-spectrum quotient factor models using two large samples: Model recommendations and the influence of divergent traits on total-scale scores Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael C. W. ENGLISH, Auteur ; Gilles E. GIGNAC, Auteur ; Troy A. W. VISSER, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.45-60 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aq  Raine study  autism  autism-spectrum quotient  autistic traits  confirmatory factor analysis  factor model Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is a psychometric scale that is commonly used to assess autistic-like traits and behaviors expressed by neurotypical individuals. A potential strength of the AQ is that it provides subscale scores that are specific to certain dimensions associated with autism such as social difficulty and restricted interests. However, multiple psychometric evaluations of the AQ have led to substantial disagreement as to how many factors exist in the scale, and how these factors are defined. These challenges have been exacerbated by limitations in study designs, such as insufficient sample sizes as well as a reliance on Pearson, rather than polychoric, correlations. In addition, several proposed models of the AQ suggest that some factors are uncorrelated, or negatively correlated, which has ramifications for whether total-scale scores are meaningfully interpretable-an issue not raised by previous work. The aims of the current study were to provide: (a) guidance as to which models of the AQ are viable for research purposes, and (b) evidence as to whether total-scale scores are adequately interpretable for research purposes. We conducted a comprehensive series of confirmatory factor analyses on 11 competing AQ models using two large samples drawn from an undergraduate population (n = 1,702) and the general population (n = 1,280). Psychometric evidence largely supported using the three-factor model described by Russell-Smith et al. [Personality and Individual Differences 51(2), 128-132 (2011)], but did not support the use of total-scale scores. We recommend that researchers consider using AQ subscale scores instead of total-scale scores. Autism Res 2020, 13: 45-60. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We examined 11 different ways of scoring subscales in the popular Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) questionnaire in two large samples of participants (i.e., general population and undergraduate students). We found that a three-subscale model that used "Social Skill," "Patterns/Details," and "Communication/Mindreading" subscales was the best way to examine specific types of autistic traits in the AQ. We also found some weak associations between the three subscales-for example, being high on the "Patterns/Details" subscale was not predictive of scores on the other subscales. This means that meaningful interpretation of overall scores on the AQ is limited. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2198 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] A comprehensive psychometric analysis of autism-spectrum quotient factor models using two large samples: Model recommendations and the influence of divergent traits on total-scale scores [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael C. W. ENGLISH, Auteur ; Gilles E. GIGNAC, Auteur ; Troy A. W. VISSER, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur . - p.45-60. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.45-60 Mots-clés : Aq  Raine study  autism  autism-spectrum quotient  autistic traits  confirmatory factor analysis  factor model Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is a psychometric scale that is commonly used to assess autistic-like traits and behaviors expressed by neurotypical individuals. A potential strength of the AQ is that it provides subscale scores that are specific to certain dimensions associated with autism such as social difficulty and restricted interests. However, multiple psychometric evaluations of the AQ have led to substantial disagreement as to how many factors exist in the scale, and how these factors are defined. These challenges have been exacerbated by limitations in study designs, such as insufficient sample sizes as well as a reliance on Pearson, rather than polychoric, correlations. In addition, several proposed models of the AQ suggest that some factors are uncorrelated, or negatively correlated, which has ramifications for whether total-scale scores are meaningfully interpretable-an issue not raised by previous work. The aims of the current study were to provide: (a) guidance as to which models of the AQ are viable for research purposes, and (b) evidence as to whether total-scale scores are adequately interpretable for research purposes. We conducted a comprehensive series of confirmatory factor analyses on 11 competing AQ models using two large samples drawn from an undergraduate population (n = 1,702) and the general population (n = 1,280). Psychometric evidence largely supported using the three-factor model described by Russell-Smith et al. [Personality and Individual Differences 51(2), 128-132 (2011)], but did not support the use of total-scale scores. We recommend that researchers consider using AQ subscale scores instead of total-scale scores. Autism Res 2020, 13: 45-60. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We examined 11 different ways of scoring subscales in the popular Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) questionnaire in two large samples of participants (i.e., general population and undergraduate students). We found that a three-subscale model that used "Social Skill," "Patterns/Details," and "Communication/Mindreading" subscales was the best way to examine specific types of autistic traits in the AQ. We also found some weak associations between the three subscales-for example, being high on the "Patterns/Details" subscale was not predictive of scores on the other subscales. This means that meaningful interpretation of overall scores on the AQ is limited. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2198 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Deconstructing the repetitive behaviour phenotype in autism spectrum disorder through a large population-based analysis / Mirko ULJAREVIC in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1030-1042 Titre : Deconstructing the repetitive behaviour phenotype in autism spectrum disorder through a large population-based analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; Emma J. GLASSON, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; John WRAY, Auteur ; Susan R LEEKAM, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1030-1042 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Repetitive behaviours  autism  social and communication impairments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : OBJECTIVE: Restricted and repetitive pattern of behaviours and interests (RRB) are a cardinal feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but there remains uncertainty about how these diverse behaviours vary according to individual characteristics. This study provided the largest exploration to date of the relationship between Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Rigidity/Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests with other individual characteristics in newly diagnosed individuals with ASD. METHOD: Participants (N = 3,647; 17.7% females; Mage = 6.6 years [SD = 4.7]) were part of the Western Australian (WA) Register for ASD, an independent, prospective collection of demographic and diagnostic data of newly diagnosed cases of ASD in WA. Diagnosticians rated each of the DSM-IV-TR criteria on a 4-point Likert severity scale, and here we focused on the Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests symptoms. RESULTS: The associations between RRB domains, indexed by Kendall's Tau, were weak, ranging from non-significant for both Circumscribed Interests and Repetitive Motor Behaviours to significant (.20) for Insistence on Sameness and Repetitive Motor Behaviours. Older age at diagnosis was significantly associated with lower Circumscribed Interests and significantly associated with higher Insistence on Sameness and Repetitive Motor Behaviours. Male sex was significantly associated with higher Repetitive Motor Behaviours but not Insistence on Sameness or Circumscribed Interests. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of associations identified in this study provides suggestive evidence for the distinctiveness of Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests, highlighting the potential utility of RRB domains for stratifying the larger ASD population into smaller, more phenotypically homogeneous subgroups that can help to facilitate efforts to understand diverse ASD aetiology and inform design of future interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Deconstructing the repetitive behaviour phenotype in autism spectrum disorder through a large population-based analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; Emma J. GLASSON, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; John WRAY, Auteur ; Susan R LEEKAM, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.1030-1042. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1030-1042 Mots-clés : Repetitive behaviours  autism  social and communication impairments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : OBJECTIVE: Restricted and repetitive pattern of behaviours and interests (RRB) are a cardinal feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but there remains uncertainty about how these diverse behaviours vary according to individual characteristics. This study provided the largest exploration to date of the relationship between Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Rigidity/Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests with other individual characteristics in newly diagnosed individuals with ASD. METHOD: Participants (N = 3,647; 17.7% females; Mage = 6.6 years [SD = 4.7]) were part of the Western Australian (WA) Register for ASD, an independent, prospective collection of demographic and diagnostic data of newly diagnosed cases of ASD in WA. Diagnosticians rated each of the DSM-IV-TR criteria on a 4-point Likert severity scale, and here we focused on the Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests symptoms. RESULTS: The associations between RRB domains, indexed by Kendall's Tau, were weak, ranging from non-significant for both Circumscribed Interests and Repetitive Motor Behaviours to significant (.20) for Insistence on Sameness and Repetitive Motor Behaviours. Older age at diagnosis was significantly associated with lower Circumscribed Interests and significantly associated with higher Insistence on Sameness and Repetitive Motor Behaviours. Male sex was significantly associated with higher Repetitive Motor Behaviours but not Insistence on Sameness or Circumscribed Interests. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of associations identified in this study provides suggestive evidence for the distinctiveness of Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests, highlighting the potential utility of RRB domains for stratifying the larger ASD population into smaller, more phenotypically homogeneous subgroups that can help to facilitate efforts to understand diverse ASD aetiology and inform design of future interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

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