Dépouillements

Editorial: Something special - the scientific challenges of rare risks / Albertine J. OLDEHINKEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.941-942 Titre : Editorial: Something special - the scientific challenges of rare risks Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Albertine J. OLDEHINKEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.941-942 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : comparability  cross-cultural  prevalence  risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Globalization has sparked international collaboration in our field, and this trend is expected to continue in the years to come. This offers excellent opportunities to learn more about the influence of children's sociocultural environments on their development and mental health. A particular challenge when studying risk factors across cultures and populations is that the risk associated with a particular exposure may depend on its prevalence: rarity tends to aggravate impact. This phenomenon complicates not only comparisons across cultures, but also those across subpopulations and time periods within a population. Moreover, it may counteract the effectiveness of risk-reducing public health efforts. On the bright side, the extent to which the impact of a risk factor is determined by its rarity provides researchers with valuable tools to deepen and sharpen theories about the nature and working mechanisms of that risk factor, with prevention and treatment strategies that also benefit youth in exceptional conditions as a likely consequence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13314 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Editorial: Something special - the scientific challenges of rare risks [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Albertine J. OLDEHINKEL, Auteur . - p.941-942. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.941-942 Mots-clés : comparability  cross-cultural  prevalence  risk Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Globalization has sparked international collaboration in our field, and this trend is expected to continue in the years to come. This offers excellent opportunities to learn more about the influence of children's sociocultural environments on their development and mental health. A particular challenge when studying risk factors across cultures and populations is that the risk associated with a particular exposure may depend on its prevalence: rarity tends to aggravate impact. This phenomenon complicates not only comparisons across cultures, but also those across subpopulations and time periods within a population. Moreover, it may counteract the effectiveness of risk-reducing public health efforts. On the bright side, the extent to which the impact of a risk factor is determined by its rarity provides researchers with valuable tools to deepen and sharpen theories about the nature and working mechanisms of that risk factor, with prevention and treatment strategies that also benefit youth in exceptional conditions as a likely consequence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13314 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Practitioner Review: Effective management of functional difficulties associated with sensory symptoms in children and adolescents / Alison E. LANE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.943-958 Titre : Practitioner Review: Effective management of functional difficulties associated with sensory symptoms in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alison E. LANE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.943-958 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Sensory symptoms  children  developmental disability  intervention  measurement  sensory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sensory symptoms are defined as atypical behavioral responses to daily sensory stimuli that impact on the performance of everyday routines. Sensory symptoms have been observed in young people with and without developmental concerns. There is uncertainty, however, regarding the best way to identify and manage sensory symptoms. The aim of this paper is  to provide a review of current best evidence regarding measurement of and interventions for sensory symptoms. METHODS: A narrative review methodology is adopted to address the aims of this paper. First, sensory symptoms are defined, and then, an overview of the evidence for the relationship between sensory symptoms and childhood function is provided. Second, commonly used sensory assessment tools are summarized and evaluated. Finally, an overview and critique of the evidence for sensory and nonsensory-based interventions addressing sensory symptoms are given. RESULTS: The terminology used to describe sensory symptoms varies by discipline, and several conceptual taxonomies including sensory subtypes have been proposed. There is ample evidence to support the association of sensory symptoms with childhood function including social engagement, repetitive behaviors, anxiety, and participation in self-care routines. Measurement of sensory symptoms is dominated by proxy-report instruments, and few single instruments assess the entire domain of sensory symptomatology. The evidence for interventions for sensory symptoms is emerging but still limited by low quantity and methodological concerns. CONCLUSIONS: Effective management of sensory symptoms may mitigate the burden of neurodevelopmental disability and mental illness in young people. Identification of sensory symptoms should be conducted by a skilled practitioner utilizing multiple measurement methods. Intervention protocols for sensory symptoms should be informed by current best evidence which is strongest for Ayres Sensory Integration(®) , Qigong massage, the Alert Program(®) , and Social Stories. To make significant progress in this field, however, new intervention studies must address the question of 'what intervention works for whom?'. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13230 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Practitioner Review: Effective management of functional difficulties associated with sensory symptoms in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alison E. LANE, Auteur . - p.943-958. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.943-958 Mots-clés : Sensory symptoms  children  developmental disability  intervention  measurement  sensory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sensory symptoms are defined as atypical behavioral responses to daily sensory stimuli that impact on the performance of everyday routines. Sensory symptoms have been observed in young people with and without developmental concerns. There is uncertainty, however, regarding the best way to identify and manage sensory symptoms. The aim of this paper is  to provide a review of current best evidence regarding measurement of and interventions for sensory symptoms. METHODS: A narrative review methodology is adopted to address the aims of this paper. First, sensory symptoms are defined, and then, an overview of the evidence for the relationship between sensory symptoms and childhood function is provided. Second, commonly used sensory assessment tools are summarized and evaluated. Finally, an overview and critique of the evidence for sensory and nonsensory-based interventions addressing sensory symptoms are given. RESULTS: The terminology used to describe sensory symptoms varies by discipline, and several conceptual taxonomies including sensory subtypes have been proposed. There is ample evidence to support the association of sensory symptoms with childhood function including social engagement, repetitive behaviors, anxiety, and participation in self-care routines. Measurement of sensory symptoms is dominated by proxy-report instruments, and few single instruments assess the entire domain of sensory symptomatology. The evidence for interventions for sensory symptoms is emerging but still limited by low quantity and methodological concerns. CONCLUSIONS: Effective management of sensory symptoms may mitigate the burden of neurodevelopmental disability and mental illness in young people. Identification of sensory symptoms should be conducted by a skilled practitioner utilizing multiple measurement methods. Intervention protocols for sensory symptoms should be informed by current best evidence which is strongest for Ayres Sensory Integration(®) , Qigong massage, the Alert Program(®) , and Social Stories. To make significant progress in this field, however, new intervention studies must address the question of 'what intervention works for whom?'. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13230 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Trajectories of healthcare utilization and costs of psychiatric and somatic multimorbidity in adults with childhood ADHD: a prospective register-based study / Ebba DU RIETZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.959-968 Titre : Trajectories of healthcare utilization and costs of psychiatric and somatic multimorbidity in adults with childhood ADHD: a prospective register-based study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ebba DU RIETZ, Auteur ; Andreas JANGMO, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Zheng CHANG, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Ewa AHNEMARK, Auteur ; Tamara WERNER-KIECHLE, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.959-968 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd  comorbidity  cost  epidemiology  healthcare Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A better understanding of the trajectories and economic burden of psychiatric and somatic disorders (multimorbidity) in ADHD from childhood to adulthood is important for guiding more targeted areas for treatment of ADHD and prevention of multimorbidity, and for forecasting demands on the medical infrastructure. This study aimed to investigate patterns of healthcare utilization and costs of multimorbidity across young adulthood in individuals with a childhood ADHD diagnosis, and additionally in individuals who continue to have ADHD-related contact with health services (persisters) and those who do not (remitters). METHODS: We prospectively followed a cohort (N = 445,790) born 1987-1990 from the ages of 18 to 26 years. Data on healthcare utilization were obtained from the Swedish National Patient Register (inpatient and outpatient care) and the Prescribed Drug Register (medication prescriptions). RESULTS: Mean annual costs per capita from multimorbidity was €890 ($1,223) in individuals with a childhood ADHD diagnosis (persisters/remitters: €1,060[$1,456]/€609[$837]) and €304 ($418) in individuals without. Costs were largely driven by inpatient hospital admissions, mainly from drug abuse and injuries. Healthcare utilization and costs of psychiatric and somatic disorders at 18 years was significantly higher in individuals with childhood ADHD compared to those without. These group differences remained stable or increased across young adulthood for most outcomes and were generally larger in women than in men. ADHD remitters continued to show significantly greater healthcare utilization and costs compared to individuals without childhood ADHD, although their profiles were not as severe as ADHD persisters. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood ADHD has long-term associations with both psychiatric and somatic disorders. Findings demonstrate the individual and societal burden of ADHD in adulthood and highlight the importance of continued support from childhood-adolescent to adult health services and early prevention of multimorbidity. Findings also point to specific targets for intervention that may be effective, such as drug abuse and injuries. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13206 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Trajectories of healthcare utilization and costs of psychiatric and somatic multimorbidity in adults with childhood ADHD: a prospective register-based study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ebba DU RIETZ, Auteur ; Andreas JANGMO, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Zheng CHANG, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Ewa AHNEMARK, Auteur ; Tamara WERNER-KIECHLE, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.959-968. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.959-968 Mots-clés : Adhd  comorbidity  cost  epidemiology  healthcare Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: A better understanding of the trajectories and economic burden of psychiatric and somatic disorders (multimorbidity) in ADHD from childhood to adulthood is important for guiding more targeted areas for treatment of ADHD and prevention of multimorbidity, and for forecasting demands on the medical infrastructure. This study aimed to investigate patterns of healthcare utilization and costs of multimorbidity across young adulthood in individuals with a childhood ADHD diagnosis, and additionally in individuals who continue to have ADHD-related contact with health services (persisters) and those who do not (remitters). METHODS: We prospectively followed a cohort (N = 445,790) born 1987-1990 from the ages of 18 to 26 years. Data on healthcare utilization were obtained from the Swedish National Patient Register (inpatient and outpatient care) and the Prescribed Drug Register (medication prescriptions). RESULTS: Mean annual costs per capita from multimorbidity was €890 ($1,223) in individuals with a childhood ADHD diagnosis (persisters/remitters: €1,060[$1,456]/€609[$837]) and €304 ($418) in individuals without. Costs were largely driven by inpatient hospital admissions, mainly from drug abuse and injuries. Healthcare utilization and costs of psychiatric and somatic disorders at 18 years was significantly higher in individuals with childhood ADHD compared to those without. These group differences remained stable or increased across young adulthood for most outcomes and were generally larger in women than in men. ADHD remitters continued to show significantly greater healthcare utilization and costs compared to individuals without childhood ADHD, although their profiles were not as severe as ADHD persisters. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood ADHD has long-term associations with both psychiatric and somatic disorders. Findings demonstrate the individual and societal burden of ADHD in adulthood and highlight the importance of continued support from childhood-adolescent to adult health services and early prevention of multimorbidity. Findings also point to specific targets for intervention that may be effective, such as drug abuse and injuries. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13206 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Distinct trajectories of long-term symptom severity in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder during and after stepped-care treatment / Sanne JENSEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.969-978 Titre : Distinct trajectories of long-term symptom severity in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder during and after stepped-care treatment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sanne JENSEN, Auteur ; Davíð R. M. A. HØJGAARD, Auteur ; Katja A HYBEL, Auteur ; Erik Lykke MORTENSEN, Auteur ; Gudmundur SKARPHEDINSSON, Auteur ; Karin MELIN, Auteur ; Tord IVARSSON, Auteur ; Judith Becker NISSEN, Auteur ; Bernhard WEIDLE, Auteur ; Robert VALDERHAUG, Auteur ; Nor Christian TORP, Auteur ; Kitty DAHL, Auteur ; Scott COMPTON, Auteur ; Per Hove THOMSEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.969-978 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Obsessive-compulsive disorder  children and adolescents  latent class growth analysis  longitudinal study  outcome predictors  stepped-care treatment  trajectories Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: First-line treatments for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) include exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). No studies have thus far identified distinct classes and associated predictors of long-term symptom severity during and after treatment. Yet, these could form the basis for more personalized treatment in pediatric OCD. METHOD: The study included 269 OCD patients aged 7-17 years from the Nordic Long-term OCD Treatment Study (NordLOTS). All participants received stepped-care treatment starting with 14 weekly sessions of manualized CBT. Nonresponders were randomized to either prolonged CBT or SSRIs. Symptom severity was assessed using the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale at seven time points from pre- to post-treatment and over a three-year follow-up. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was performed to identify latent classes of symptom severity trajectories. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to detect differences between classes and identify predictors of trajectory class membership including several clinical and demographic variables. TRIAL REGISTRY: Nordic Long-term Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Treatment Study; www.controlled-trials.com; ISRCTN66385119. RESULTS: Three LCGA classes were identified: (a) acute, sustained responders (54.6%); (b) slow, continued responders (23.4%); and (c) limited long-term responders (21.9%). Class membership was predicted by distinct baseline characteristics pertaining to age, symptom severity, contamination/cleaning and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The LCGA suggests three distinct trajectory classes of long-term symptom severity during and after treatment in pediatric OCD with different clinical profiles at pretreatment. The results point to required clinical attention for adolescent patients with contamination/cleaning and anxiety symptoms who do not show convincing responses to first-line treatment even though they may have reached the established cutoff for treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13155 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Distinct trajectories of long-term symptom severity in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder during and after stepped-care treatment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sanne JENSEN, Auteur ; Davíð R. M. A. HØJGAARD, Auteur ; Katja A HYBEL, Auteur ; Erik Lykke MORTENSEN, Auteur ; Gudmundur SKARPHEDINSSON, Auteur ; Karin MELIN, Auteur ; Tord IVARSSON, Auteur ; Judith Becker NISSEN, Auteur ; Bernhard WEIDLE, Auteur ; Robert VALDERHAUG, Auteur ; Nor Christian TORP, Auteur ; Kitty DAHL, Auteur ; Scott COMPTON, Auteur ; Per Hove THOMSEN, Auteur . - p.969-978. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.969-978 Mots-clés : Obsessive-compulsive disorder  children and adolescents  latent class growth analysis  longitudinal study  outcome predictors  stepped-care treatment  trajectories Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: First-line treatments for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) include exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). No studies have thus far identified distinct classes and associated predictors of long-term symptom severity during and after treatment. Yet, these could form the basis for more personalized treatment in pediatric OCD. METHOD: The study included 269 OCD patients aged 7-17 years from the Nordic Long-term OCD Treatment Study (NordLOTS). All participants received stepped-care treatment starting with 14 weekly sessions of manualized CBT. Nonresponders were randomized to either prolonged CBT or SSRIs. Symptom severity was assessed using the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale at seven time points from pre- to post-treatment and over a three-year follow-up. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was performed to identify latent classes of symptom severity trajectories. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to detect differences between classes and identify predictors of trajectory class membership including several clinical and demographic variables. TRIAL REGISTRY: Nordic Long-term Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Treatment Study; www.controlled-trials.com; ISRCTN66385119. RESULTS: Three LCGA classes were identified: (a) acute, sustained responders (54.6%); (b) slow, continued responders (23.4%); and (c) limited long-term responders (21.9%). Class membership was predicted by distinct baseline characteristics pertaining to age, symptom severity, contamination/cleaning and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The LCGA suggests three distinct trajectory classes of long-term symptom severity during and after treatment in pediatric OCD with different clinical profiles at pretreatment. The results point to required clinical attention for adolescent patients with contamination/cleaning and anxiety symptoms who do not show convincing responses to first-line treatment even though they may have reached the established cutoff for treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13155 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Reciprocal links between anxiety sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in youth: a longitudinal twin study / G. KREBS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.979-987 Titre : Reciprocal links between anxiety sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in youth: a longitudinal twin study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. KREBS, Auteur ; L. J. HANNIGAN, Auteur ; A. M. GREGORY, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.979-987 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Obsessive-compulsive disorder  adolescence  aetiology  anxiety sensitivity  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Anxiety sensitivity, the tendency to fear the symptoms of anxiety, is a key risk factor for the development anxiety disorders. Although obsessive-compulsive disorder was previously classified as an anxiety disorder, the prospective relationship between anxiety sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) has been largely overlooked. Furthermore, a lack of genetically informative studies means the aetiology of the link between anxiety sensitivity and OCS remains unclear. METHODS: Adolescent twins and siblings (N = 1,579) from the G1219 study completed self-report questionnaires two years apart assessing anxiety sensitivity, OCS, anxiety and depression. Linear regression models tested prospective associations between anxiety sensitivity and OCS, with and without adjustment for anxiety and depressive symptoms. A phenotypic cross-lagged model assessed bidirectional influences between anxiety sensitivity and OCS over time, and a genetic version of this model examined the aetiology of these associations. RESULTS: Anxiety sensitivity was prospectively associated with changes in OCS, even after controlling for comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms. The longitudinal relationship between anxiety sensitivity and OCS was bidirectional, and these associations were predominantly accounted for by nonshared environmental influences. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are consistent with the notion that anxiety sensitivity is a risk factor for OCS during adolescence, but also suggest that experiencing OCS confers risk for heightened anxiety sensitivity. The reciprocal links between OCS and anxiety sensitivity over time are likely to be largely mediated by nonshared environmental experiences, as opposed to common genes. Our findings raise the possibility that interventions aimed at ameliorating anxiety sensitivity could reduce risk for OCS, and vice versa. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13183 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Reciprocal links between anxiety sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in youth: a longitudinal twin study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. KREBS, Auteur ; L. J. HANNIGAN, Auteur ; A. M. GREGORY, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur . - p.979-987. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.979-987 Mots-clés : Obsessive-compulsive disorder  adolescence  aetiology  anxiety sensitivity  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Anxiety sensitivity, the tendency to fear the symptoms of anxiety, is a key risk factor for the development anxiety disorders. Although obsessive-compulsive disorder was previously classified as an anxiety disorder, the prospective relationship between anxiety sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) has been largely overlooked. Furthermore, a lack of genetically informative studies means the aetiology of the link between anxiety sensitivity and OCS remains unclear. METHODS: Adolescent twins and siblings (N = 1,579) from the G1219 study completed self-report questionnaires two years apart assessing anxiety sensitivity, OCS, anxiety and depression. Linear regression models tested prospective associations between anxiety sensitivity and OCS, with and without adjustment for anxiety and depressive symptoms. A phenotypic cross-lagged model assessed bidirectional influences between anxiety sensitivity and OCS over time, and a genetic version of this model examined the aetiology of these associations. RESULTS: Anxiety sensitivity was prospectively associated with changes in OCS, even after controlling for comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms. The longitudinal relationship between anxiety sensitivity and OCS was bidirectional, and these associations were predominantly accounted for by nonshared environmental influences. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are consistent with the notion that anxiety sensitivity is a risk factor for OCS during adolescence, but also suggest that experiencing OCS confers risk for heightened anxiety sensitivity. The reciprocal links between OCS and anxiety sensitivity over time are likely to be largely mediated by nonshared environmental experiences, as opposed to common genes. Our findings raise the possibility that interventions aimed at ameliorating anxiety sensitivity could reduce risk for OCS, and vice versa. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13183 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Preventive intervention for trauma reactions in young injured children: results of a multi-site randomised controlled trial / Ann-Christin HAAG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.988-997 Titre : Preventive intervention for trauma reactions in young injured children: results of a multi-site randomised controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ann-Christin HAAG, Auteur ; Markus A. LANDOLT, Auteur ; Justin A. KENARDY, Auteur ; Clemens M. SCHIESTL, Auteur ; Roy M. KIMBLE, Auteur ; Alexandra C. DE YOUNG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.988-997 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Preventive intervention  injury  traumatic stress  young children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Young children are at particular risk for injury. Ten per cent to twenty-five per cent develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, no empirically supported preventive interventions exist. Therefore, this study evaluated the efficacy of a standardised targeted preventive intervention for PTSD in young injured children. METHODS: Injured children (1-6 years) were enrolled in a multi-site parallel-group superiority prospective randomised controlled trial (RCT) in Australia and Switzerland. Screening for PTSD risk occurred 6-8 days postaccident. Parents of children who screened 'high-risk' were randomised to a 2-session CBT-based intervention or treatment-as-usual (TAU). Primary outcomes were PTSD symptom (PTSS) severity, and secondary outcomes were PTSD diagnosis, functional impairment and behavioural difficulties at 3 and 6 months postinjury using blinded assessments. Trials were registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12614000325606) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02088814). Trial status is complete. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-three children screened 'high-risk' were assigned to intervention (n = 62) or TAU (n = 71). Multilevel intention-to-treat analyses revealed a significant intervention effect on PTSS severity over time (b = 60.06, 95% CI: 21.30-98.56). At 3 months, intervention children (M = 11.02, SD = 10.42, range 0-47) showed an accelerated reduction in PTSS severity scores compared to control children (M = 17.30, SD = 13.94, range 0-52; mean difference -6.97, 95% CI: -14.02 to 0.08, p adj. = .055, d = 0.51). On secondary outcomes, multilevel analyses revealed significant treatment effects for PTSD diagnosis, functional impairment and behavioural difficulties. CONCLUSIONS: This multi-site RCT provides promising preliminary evidence for the efficacy of a targeted preventive intervention for accelerating recovery from PTSS in young injured children. This has important clinical implications for the psychological support provided to young children and parents during the acute period following a single-event trauma. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13193 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Preventive intervention for trauma reactions in young injured children: results of a multi-site randomised controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ann-Christin HAAG, Auteur ; Markus A. LANDOLT, Auteur ; Justin A. KENARDY, Auteur ; Clemens M. SCHIESTL, Auteur ; Roy M. KIMBLE, Auteur ; Alexandra C. DE YOUNG, Auteur . - p.988-997. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.988-997 Mots-clés : Preventive intervention  injury  traumatic stress  young children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Young children are at particular risk for injury. Ten per cent to twenty-five per cent develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, no empirically supported preventive interventions exist. Therefore, this study evaluated the efficacy of a standardised targeted preventive intervention for PTSD in young injured children. METHODS: Injured children (1-6 years) were enrolled in a multi-site parallel-group superiority prospective randomised controlled trial (RCT) in Australia and Switzerland. Screening for PTSD risk occurred 6-8 days postaccident. Parents of children who screened 'high-risk' were randomised to a 2-session CBT-based intervention or treatment-as-usual (TAU). Primary outcomes were PTSD symptom (PTSS) severity, and secondary outcomes were PTSD diagnosis, functional impairment and behavioural difficulties at 3 and 6 months postinjury using blinded assessments. Trials were registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12614000325606) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02088814). Trial status is complete. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-three children screened 'high-risk' were assigned to intervention (n = 62) or TAU (n = 71). Multilevel intention-to-treat analyses revealed a significant intervention effect on PTSS severity over time (b = 60.06, 95% CI: 21.30-98.56). At 3 months, intervention children (M = 11.02, SD = 10.42, range 0-47) showed an accelerated reduction in PTSS severity scores compared to control children (M = 17.30, SD = 13.94, range 0-52; mean difference -6.97, 95% CI: -14.02 to 0.08, p adj. = .055, d = 0.51). On secondary outcomes, multilevel analyses revealed significant treatment effects for PTSD diagnosis, functional impairment and behavioural difficulties. CONCLUSIONS: This multi-site RCT provides promising preliminary evidence for the efficacy of a targeted preventive intervention for accelerating recovery from PTSS in young injured children. This has important clinical implications for the psychological support provided to young children and parents during the acute period following a single-event trauma. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13193 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Toward precision therapeutics: general and specific factors differentiate symptom change in depressed adolescents / Madison AITKEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.998-1008 Titre : Toward precision therapeutics: general and specific factors differentiate symptom change in depressed adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Madison AITKEN, Auteur ; John D. HALTIGAN, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Bernadka DUBICKA, Auteur ; Peter FONAGY, Auteur ; Raphael KELVIN, Auteur ; Nick MIDGLEY, Auteur ; Shirley REYNOLDS, Auteur ; Paul O. WILKINSON, Auteur ; Ian M. GOODYER, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p.998-1008 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bifactor models  adolescent  depression  psychopathology  psychotherapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The longitudinal course of multiple symptom domains in adolescents treated for major depression is not known. Revealing the temporal course of general and specific psychopathology factors, including potential differences between psychotherapies, may aid therapeutic decision-making. METHODS: Participants were adolescents with major depressive disorder (aged 11-17; 75% female; N = 465) who were part of the IMPACT trial, a randomized controlled trial comparing cognitive behavioral therapy, short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and brief psychosocial intervention. Self-reported symptoms at baseline and 6, 12, 36, 52, and 86 weeks postrandomization were analyzed with bifactor modeling. RESULTS: General psychopathology factor scores decreased across treatment and one-year follow-up. Specific melancholic features and depressive cognitions factors decreased from baseline to 6 weeks. Conduct problems decreased across treatment and follow-up. Anxiety increased by 6 weeks and then reverted to baseline levels. Obsessions-compulsions did not change. Changes in general and specific factors were not significantly different between the three psychotherapies during treatment. During follow-up, however, conduct problems decreased more in brief psychosocial intervention versus cognitive behavioral therapy (1.02, 95% Bayes credible interval 0.25, 1.96), but not versus short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical response signature in this trial is best revealed by rapid reductions in depression symptoms and general psychopathology. Protracted improvements in general psychopathology and conduct problems subsequently occur. Psychosocial treatments for adolescent depression have comparable effects on general and specific psychopathology, although a psychoeducational, goal-focused approach may be indicated for youth with comorbid conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13194 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Toward precision therapeutics: general and specific factors differentiate symptom change in depressed adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Madison AITKEN, Auteur ; John D. HALTIGAN, Auteur ; Peter SZATMARI, Auteur ; Bernadka DUBICKA, Auteur ; Peter FONAGY, Auteur ; Raphael KELVIN, Auteur ; Nick MIDGLEY, Auteur ; Shirley REYNOLDS, Auteur ; Paul O. WILKINSON, Auteur ; Ian M. GOODYER, Auteur . - 2020 . - p.998-1008. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.998-1008 Mots-clés : Bifactor models  adolescent  depression  psychopathology  psychotherapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The longitudinal course of multiple symptom domains in adolescents treated for major depression is not known. Revealing the temporal course of general and specific psychopathology factors, including potential differences between psychotherapies, may aid therapeutic decision-making. METHODS: Participants were adolescents with major depressive disorder (aged 11-17; 75% female; N = 465) who were part of the IMPACT trial, a randomized controlled trial comparing cognitive behavioral therapy, short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and brief psychosocial intervention. Self-reported symptoms at baseline and 6, 12, 36, 52, and 86 weeks postrandomization were analyzed with bifactor modeling. RESULTS: General psychopathology factor scores decreased across treatment and one-year follow-up. Specific melancholic features and depressive cognitions factors decreased from baseline to 6 weeks. Conduct problems decreased across treatment and follow-up. Anxiety increased by 6 weeks and then reverted to baseline levels. Obsessions-compulsions did not change. Changes in general and specific factors were not significantly different between the three psychotherapies during treatment. During follow-up, however, conduct problems decreased more in brief psychosocial intervention versus cognitive behavioral therapy (1.02, 95% Bayes credible interval 0.25, 1.96), but not versus short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical response signature in this trial is best revealed by rapid reductions in depression symptoms and general psychopathology. Protracted improvements in general psychopathology and conduct problems subsequently occur. Psychosocial treatments for adolescent depression have comparable effects on general and specific psychopathology, although a psychoeducational, goal-focused approach may be indicated for youth with comorbid conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13194 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Mechanisms linking parental educational attainment with child ADHD, depression, and academic problems: a study of extended families in The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study / Fartein Ask TORVIK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1009-1018 Titre : Mechanisms linking parental educational attainment with child ADHD, depression, and academic problems: a study of extended families in The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Fartein Ask TORVIK, Auteur ; Espen Moen EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Kristin GUSTAVSON, Auteur ; Henrik Daae ZACHRISSON, Auteur ; Ragnhild BRANDLISTUEN, Auteur ; Line C. GJERDE, Auteur ; Alexandra HAVDAHL, Auteur ; Camilla STOLTENBERG, Auteur ; Helga ASK, Auteur ; Eivind YSTROM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1009-1018 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  MoBa  academic problems  depression  educational attainment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Low educational attainment in parents is associated with child psychopathology. It is not clear whether the associations are due to risk factors that family members share or due to effects of maternal or paternal education on the offspring. We investigate whether associations between maternal and paternal educational attainment and child symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and academic problems are due to shared genetic factors, shared family environmental factors, or effects of the parental phenotype educational attainment itself. METHODS: This study is based on the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). The sample comprised 34,958 children (17,128 girls) in 28,372 extended-family units. We used data from related nuclear families linked by siblings in the parent generation. We applied a quasi-experimental extended children-of-twins design that included siblings in both generations and took account of nonrandom mating by including partners. Educational attainment was self-reported by mothers and fathers. Mothers reported children's symptoms of ADHD, symptoms of depression, and academic problems by questionnaire when the children were 8 years old. RESULTS: Children of lowly educated parents scored higher on all outcomes and had an approximate doubling of the risk of high symptom levels. The association between maternal and paternal educational attainment and child symptoms of ADHD and academic problems persisted after controlling for shared genetic and family environmental factors. Phenotypic transmission to depression was weaker and in the best fitting model fully explained by genetic factors shared by the two generations. CONCLUSIONS: Associations between educational attainment of mothers and fathers and child symptoms of ADHD and academic problems could not be ascribed to shared familial risk factors, whereas associations with symptoms of depression could. Parental education or resources and behaviors resulting from low education might be targets of interventions aimed at reducing symptoms of ADHD and academic problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13197 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Mechanisms linking parental educational attainment with child ADHD, depression, and academic problems: a study of extended families in The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Fartein Ask TORVIK, Auteur ; Espen Moen EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Kristin GUSTAVSON, Auteur ; Henrik Daae ZACHRISSON, Auteur ; Ragnhild BRANDLISTUEN, Auteur ; Line C. GJERDE, Auteur ; Alexandra HAVDAHL, Auteur ; Camilla STOLTENBERG, Auteur ; Helga ASK, Auteur ; Eivind YSTROM, Auteur . - p.1009-1018. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1009-1018 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  MoBa  academic problems  depression  educational attainment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Low educational attainment in parents is associated with child psychopathology. It is not clear whether the associations are due to risk factors that family members share or due to effects of maternal or paternal education on the offspring. We investigate whether associations between maternal and paternal educational attainment and child symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and academic problems are due to shared genetic factors, shared family environmental factors, or effects of the parental phenotype educational attainment itself. METHODS: This study is based on the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). The sample comprised 34,958 children (17,128 girls) in 28,372 extended-family units. We used data from related nuclear families linked by siblings in the parent generation. We applied a quasi-experimental extended children-of-twins design that included siblings in both generations and took account of nonrandom mating by including partners. Educational attainment was self-reported by mothers and fathers. Mothers reported children's symptoms of ADHD, symptoms of depression, and academic problems by questionnaire when the children were 8 years old. RESULTS: Children of lowly educated parents scored higher on all outcomes and had an approximate doubling of the risk of high symptom levels. The association between maternal and paternal educational attainment and child symptoms of ADHD and academic problems persisted after controlling for shared genetic and family environmental factors. Phenotypic transmission to depression was weaker and in the best fitting model fully explained by genetic factors shared by the two generations. CONCLUSIONS: Associations between educational attainment of mothers and fathers and child symptoms of ADHD and academic problems could not be ascribed to shared familial risk factors, whereas associations with symptoms of depression could. Parental education or resources and behaviors resulting from low education might be targets of interventions aimed at reducing symptoms of ADHD and academic problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13197 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Rapid neural categorization of angry and fearful faces is specifically impaired in boys with autism spectrum disorder / Stephanie VAN DER DONCK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1019-1029 Titre : Rapid neural categorization of angry and fearful faces is specifically impaired in boys with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephanie VAN DER DONCK, Auteur ; Milena DZHELYOVA, Auteur ; Sofie VETTORI, Auteur ; Soha Sadat MAHDI, Auteur ; Peter CLAES, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1019-1029 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  electroencephalography  facial emotion processing  fast periodic visual stimulation  implicit expression detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Difficulties with facial expression processing may be associated with the characteristic social impairments in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Emotional face processing in ASD has been investigated in an abundance of behavioral and EEG studies, yielding, however, mixed and inconsistent results. METHODS: We combined fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) with EEG to assess the neural sensitivity to implicitly detect briefly presented facial expressions among a stream of neutral faces, in 23 boys with ASD and 23 matched typically developing (TD) boys. Neutral faces with different identities were presented at 6 Hz, periodically interleaved with an expressive face (angry, fearful, happy, sad in separate sequences) every fifth image (i.e., 1.2 Hz oddball frequency). These distinguishable frequency tags for neutral and expressive stimuli allowed direct and objective quantification of the expression-categorization responses, needing only four sequences of 60 s of recording per condition. RESULTS: Both groups show equal neural synchronization to the general face stimulation and similar neural responses to happy and sad faces. However, the ASD group displays significantly reduced responses to angry and fearful faces, compared to TD boys. At the individual subject level, these neural responses allow to predict membership of the ASD group with an accuracy of 87%. Whereas TD participants show a significantly lower sensitivity to sad faces than to the other expressions, ASD participants show an equally low sensitivity to all the expressions. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate an emotion-specific processing deficit, instead of a general emotion-processing problem: Boys with ASD are less sensitive than TD boys to rapidly and implicitly detect angry and fearful faces. The implicit, fast, and straightforward nature of FPVS-EEG opens new perspectives for clinical diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13201 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Rapid neural categorization of angry and fearful faces is specifically impaired in boys with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephanie VAN DER DONCK, Auteur ; Milena DZHELYOVA, Auteur ; Sofie VETTORI, Auteur ; Soha Sadat MAHDI, Auteur ; Peter CLAES, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur . - p.1019-1029. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1019-1029 Mots-clés : Autism  electroencephalography  facial emotion processing  fast periodic visual stimulation  implicit expression detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Difficulties with facial expression processing may be associated with the characteristic social impairments in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Emotional face processing in ASD has been investigated in an abundance of behavioral and EEG studies, yielding, however, mixed and inconsistent results. METHODS: We combined fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) with EEG to assess the neural sensitivity to implicitly detect briefly presented facial expressions among a stream of neutral faces, in 23 boys with ASD and 23 matched typically developing (TD) boys. Neutral faces with different identities were presented at 6 Hz, periodically interleaved with an expressive face (angry, fearful, happy, sad in separate sequences) every fifth image (i.e., 1.2 Hz oddball frequency). These distinguishable frequency tags for neutral and expressive stimuli allowed direct and objective quantification of the expression-categorization responses, needing only four sequences of 60 s of recording per condition. RESULTS: Both groups show equal neural synchronization to the general face stimulation and similar neural responses to happy and sad faces. However, the ASD group displays significantly reduced responses to angry and fearful faces, compared to TD boys. At the individual subject level, these neural responses allow to predict membership of the ASD group with an accuracy of 87%. Whereas TD participants show a significantly lower sensitivity to sad faces than to the other expressions, ASD participants show an equally low sensitivity to all the expressions. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate an emotion-specific processing deficit, instead of a general emotion-processing problem: Boys with ASD are less sensitive than TD boys to rapidly and implicitly detect angry and fearful faces. The implicit, fast, and straightforward nature of FPVS-EEG opens new perspectives for clinical diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13201 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Deconstructing the repetitive behaviour phenotype in autism spectrum disorder through a large population-based analysis / Mirko ULJAREVIC in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1030-1042 Titre : Deconstructing the repetitive behaviour phenotype in autism spectrum disorder through a large population-based analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; Emma J. GLASSON, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; John WRAY, Auteur ; Susan R LEEKAM, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1030-1042 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Repetitive behaviours  autism  social and communication impairments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : OBJECTIVE: Restricted and repetitive pattern of behaviours and interests (RRB) are a cardinal feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but there remains uncertainty about how these diverse behaviours vary according to individual characteristics. This study provided the largest exploration to date of the relationship between Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Rigidity/Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests with other individual characteristics in newly diagnosed individuals with ASD. METHOD: Participants (N = 3,647; 17.7% females; Mage = 6.6 years [SD = 4.7]) were part of the Western Australian (WA) Register for ASD, an independent, prospective collection of demographic and diagnostic data of newly diagnosed cases of ASD in WA. Diagnosticians rated each of the DSM-IV-TR criteria on a 4-point Likert severity scale, and here we focused on the Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests symptoms. RESULTS: The associations between RRB domains, indexed by Kendall's Tau, were weak, ranging from non-significant for both Circumscribed Interests and Repetitive Motor Behaviours to significant (.20) for Insistence on Sameness and Repetitive Motor Behaviours. Older age at diagnosis was significantly associated with lower Circumscribed Interests and significantly associated with higher Insistence on Sameness and Repetitive Motor Behaviours. Male sex was significantly associated with higher Repetitive Motor Behaviours but not Insistence on Sameness or Circumscribed Interests. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of associations identified in this study provides suggestive evidence for the distinctiveness of Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests, highlighting the potential utility of RRB domains for stratifying the larger ASD population into smaller, more phenotypically homogeneous subgroups that can help to facilitate efforts to understand diverse ASD aetiology and inform design of future interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Deconstructing the repetitive behaviour phenotype in autism spectrum disorder through a large population-based analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; Emma J. GLASSON, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; John WRAY, Auteur ; Susan R LEEKAM, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.1030-1042. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1030-1042 Mots-clés : Repetitive behaviours  autism  social and communication impairments Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : OBJECTIVE: Restricted and repetitive pattern of behaviours and interests (RRB) are a cardinal feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but there remains uncertainty about how these diverse behaviours vary according to individual characteristics. This study provided the largest exploration to date of the relationship between Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Rigidity/Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests with other individual characteristics in newly diagnosed individuals with ASD. METHOD: Participants (N = 3,647; 17.7% females; Mage = 6.6 years [SD = 4.7]) were part of the Western Australian (WA) Register for ASD, an independent, prospective collection of demographic and diagnostic data of newly diagnosed cases of ASD in WA. Diagnosticians rated each of the DSM-IV-TR criteria on a 4-point Likert severity scale, and here we focused on the Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests symptoms. RESULTS: The associations between RRB domains, indexed by Kendall's Tau, were weak, ranging from non-significant for both Circumscribed Interests and Repetitive Motor Behaviours to significant (.20) for Insistence on Sameness and Repetitive Motor Behaviours. Older age at diagnosis was significantly associated with lower Circumscribed Interests and significantly associated with higher Insistence on Sameness and Repetitive Motor Behaviours. Male sex was significantly associated with higher Repetitive Motor Behaviours but not Insistence on Sameness or Circumscribed Interests. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of associations identified in this study provides suggestive evidence for the distinctiveness of Repetitive Motor Behaviours, Insistence on Sameness and Circumscribed Interests, highlighting the potential utility of RRB domains for stratifying the larger ASD population into smaller, more phenotypically homogeneous subgroups that can help to facilitate efforts to understand diverse ASD aetiology and inform design of future interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13203 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430

Why does early childhood deprivation increase the risk for depression and anxiety in adulthood? A developmental cascade model / Dennis GOLM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1043-1053 Titre : Why does early childhood deprivation increase the risk for depression and anxiety in adulthood? A developmental cascade model Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dennis GOLM, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Edward D. BARKER, Auteur ; Jonathan HILL, Auteur ; Mark KENNEDY, Auteur ; Nicky KNIGHTS, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Robert KUMSTA, Auteur ; Wolff SCHLOTZ, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1043-1053 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Institutional deprivation  anxiety  depression  developmental cascades  emotional problems  longitudinal  natural experiment  neurodevelopmental problems  prospective Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Using data from the English & Romanian Adoptees (ERA) study, we recently reported that early time-limited exposure to severe institutional deprivation is associated with early-onset and persistent neurodevelopmental problems and later-onset emotional problems. Here, we examine possible reasons for the late emergence of emotional problems in this cohort. Our main focus is on testing a developmental cascade mediated via the functional impact of early-appearing neurodevelopmental problems on late adolescent functioning. We also explore a second putative pathway via sensitization to stress. METHODS: The ERA study includes 165 Romanian individuals who spent their early lives in grossly depriving institutions and were subsequently adopted into UK families, along with 52 UK adoptees with no history of deprivation. Age six years symptoms of neurodevelopmental problems and age 15 anxiety/depression symptoms were assessed via parental reports. Young adult symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed by both parent and self-reports; young adults also completed measures of stress reactivity, exposure to adverse life events, and functioning in work and interpersonal relationships. RESULTS: The path between early institutional deprivation and adult emotional problems was mediated via the impact of early neurodevelopmental problems on unemployment and poor friendship functioning during the transition to adulthood. The findings with regard to early deprivation, later life stress reactivity, and emotional problems were inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis suggests that the risk for adult depression and anxiety following extreme institutional deprivation is explained through the effects of early neurodevelopmental problems on later social and vocational functioning. Future research should more fully examine the role of stress susceptibility in this model. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13205 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430 [article] Why does early childhood deprivation increase the risk for depression and anxiety in adulthood? A developmental cascade model [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dennis GOLM, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Edward D. BARKER, Auteur ; Jonathan HILL, Auteur ; Mark KENNEDY, Auteur ; Nicky KNIGHTS, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Robert KUMSTA, Auteur ; Wolff SCHLOTZ, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur . - p.1043-1053. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-9 (September 2020) . - p.1043-1053 Mots-clés : Institutional deprivation  anxiety  depression  developmental cascades  emotional problems  longitudinal  natural experiment  neurodevelopmental problems  prospective Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Using data from the English & Romanian Adoptees (ERA) study, we recently reported that early time-limited exposure to severe institutional deprivation is associated with early-onset and persistent neurodevelopmental problems and later-onset emotional problems. Here, we examine possible reasons for the late emergence of emotional problems in this cohort. Our main focus is on testing a developmental cascade mediated via the functional impact of early-appearing neurodevelopmental problems on late adolescent functioning. We also explore a second putative pathway via sensitization to stress. METHODS: The ERA study includes 165 Romanian individuals who spent their early lives in grossly depriving institutions and were subsequently adopted into UK families, along with 52 UK adoptees with no history of deprivation. Age six years symptoms of neurodevelopmental problems and age 15 anxiety/depression symptoms were assessed via parental reports. Young adult symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed by both parent and self-reports; young adults also completed measures of stress reactivity, exposure to adverse life events, and functioning in work and interpersonal relationships. RESULTS: The path between early institutional deprivation and adult emotional problems was mediated via the impact of early neurodevelopmental problems on unemployment and poor friendship functioning during the transition to adulthood. The findings with regard to early deprivation, later life stress reactivity, and emotional problems were inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis suggests that the risk for adult depression and anxiety following extreme institutional deprivation is explained through the effects of early neurodevelopmental problems on later social and vocational functioning. Future research should more fully examine the role of stress susceptibility in this model. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13205 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=430