Reduced Proactive Control Processes Associated With Behavioral Response Inhibition Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Shannon E. KELLY in Autism Research, 14-2 (February 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-2 (February 2021) . - p.389-399 Titre : Reduced Proactive Control Processes Associated With Behavioral Response Inhibition Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shannon E. KELLY, Auteur ; Lauren M. SCHMITT, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.389-399 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cognition  eye movements  inhibitory control  proactive control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in inhibitory control are common in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and associated with multiple clinical issues. Proactive (i.e., delaying response onset) and reactive control mechanisms (i.e., stopping quickly) contribute to successful inhibitory control in typically developing individuals and may be compromised in ASD. We assessed inhibitory control in 58 individuals with ASD and 63 typically developing controls aged 5-29?years using an oculomotor stop-signal task during which participants made rapid eye movements (i.e., saccades) toward peripheral targets (i.e., GO trials) or inhibited saccades (i.e., STOP trials). Individuals with ASD exhibited reduced ability to inhibit saccades, reduced reaction time slowing (GO RT slowing), and faster stop-signal reaction times (SSRT) compared to controls. Across participants, stopping accuracy was positively related to GO RT slowing, and increased age was associated with higher stopping accuracy and GO RT slowing. Our results indicate that failures to proactively delay prepotent responses in ASD underpin deficits of inhibitory control and may contribute to difficulties modifying their behavior according to changes in contextual demands. These findings implicate frontostriatal brain networks in inhibitory control and core symptoms of ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Difficulties stopping actions are common in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are related to repetitive behaviors. This study compared the ability to stop eye movements in individuals with ASD and healthy peers. We found that individuals with ASD were less able to stop eye movements and that this difficulty was related to a reduced ability to delay their eye movements before seeing the cue to stop, not their ability to react quickly to this cue. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2415 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441 [article] Reduced Proactive Control Processes Associated With Behavioral Response Inhibition Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shannon E. KELLY, Auteur ; Lauren M. SCHMITT, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur . - p.389-399. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-2 (February 2021) . - p.389-399 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cognition  eye movements  inhibitory control  proactive control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in inhibitory control are common in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and associated with multiple clinical issues. Proactive (i.e., delaying response onset) and reactive control mechanisms (i.e., stopping quickly) contribute to successful inhibitory control in typically developing individuals and may be compromised in ASD. We assessed inhibitory control in 58 individuals with ASD and 63 typically developing controls aged 5-29?years using an oculomotor stop-signal task during which participants made rapid eye movements (i.e., saccades) toward peripheral targets (i.e., GO trials) or inhibited saccades (i.e., STOP trials). Individuals with ASD exhibited reduced ability to inhibit saccades, reduced reaction time slowing (GO RT slowing), and faster stop-signal reaction times (SSRT) compared to controls. Across participants, stopping accuracy was positively related to GO RT slowing, and increased age was associated with higher stopping accuracy and GO RT slowing. Our results indicate that failures to proactively delay prepotent responses in ASD underpin deficits of inhibitory control and may contribute to difficulties modifying their behavior according to changes in contextual demands. These findings implicate frontostriatal brain networks in inhibitory control and core symptoms of ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Difficulties stopping actions are common in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are related to repetitive behaviors. This study compared the ability to stop eye movements in individuals with ASD and healthy peers. We found that individuals with ASD were less able to stop eye movements and that this difficulty was related to a reduced ability to delay their eye movements before seeing the cue to stop, not their ability to react quickly to this cue. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2415 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441

Sensorimotor Behavior in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Unaffected Biological Parents / Erin K. BOJANEK in Autism Research, 18-3 (March 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-3 (March 2025) . - p.498-514 Titre : Sensorimotor Behavior in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Unaffected Biological Parents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erin K. BOJANEK, Auteur ; Shannon E. KELLY, Auteur ; Lauren M. SCHMITT, Auteur ; Stormi L. PULVER, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Andreas SPRENGER, Auteur ; Kathryn E. UNRUH, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.498-514 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broader autism phenotype  endophenotype  familiality  heritable likelihood   sensorimotor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Sensorimotor impairments are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and evident in unaffected first-degree relatives, suggesting that they may serve as endophenotypes associated with inherited autism likelihood. We tested the familiality of sensorimotor impairments in autism across multiple motor behaviors and effector systems and in relation to parental broader autism phenotypic (BAP) characteristics. Fifty-seven autistic individuals (probands), 109 parents, and 89 neurotypical control participants completed tests of manual motor and oculomotor control. Sensorimotor tests varied in their involvement of rapid, feedforward control and sustained, sensory feedback control processes. Subgroup analyses compared families with at least one parent showing BAP traits (BAP+) and those in which neither parent showed BAP traits (BAP?). Results show that probands with BAP? parents (BAP? probands) showed atypical control of rapid oculomotor behaviors, while BAP+ probands showed impairments of sustained manual motor and oculomotor behaviors compared to controls. BAP? parents showed impaired rapid oculomotor and sustained manual motor abilities relative to BAP+ parents and controls. Rapid oculomotor behaviors were highly intercorrelated among probands and their biological parents. These findings indicate that rapid oculomotor behaviors are selectively impacted in BAP? probands and their parents and may reflect a familial likelihood for autism independent of parental autistic traits. In contrast, sustained sensorimotor behaviors were affected in BAP+ probands and BAP? parents, suggesting separate familial pathways associated with autism. Finally, atypical saccade dynamics may serve as strong endophenotypes for autism. These findings provide new evidence that rapid and sustained sensorimotor alterations represent strong but separate familial pathways of inherited likelihood for autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70000 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=550 [article] Sensorimotor Behavior in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Unaffected Biological Parents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erin K. BOJANEK, Auteur ; Shannon E. KELLY, Auteur ; Lauren M. SCHMITT, Auteur ; Stormi L. PULVER, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Andreas SPRENGER, Auteur ; Kathryn E. UNRUH, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur . - p.498-514. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-3 (March 2025) . - p.498-514 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broader autism phenotype  endophenotype  familiality  heritable likelihood   sensorimotor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : ABSTRACT Sensorimotor impairments are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and evident in unaffected first-degree relatives, suggesting that they may serve as endophenotypes associated with inherited autism likelihood. We tested the familiality of sensorimotor impairments in autism across multiple motor behaviors and effector systems and in relation to parental broader autism phenotypic (BAP) characteristics. Fifty-seven autistic individuals (probands), 109 parents, and 89 neurotypical control participants completed tests of manual motor and oculomotor control. Sensorimotor tests varied in their involvement of rapid, feedforward control and sustained, sensory feedback control processes. Subgroup analyses compared families with at least one parent showing BAP traits (BAP+) and those in which neither parent showed BAP traits (BAP?). Results show that probands with BAP? parents (BAP? probands) showed atypical control of rapid oculomotor behaviors, while BAP+ probands showed impairments of sustained manual motor and oculomotor behaviors compared to controls. BAP? parents showed impaired rapid oculomotor and sustained manual motor abilities relative to BAP+ parents and controls. Rapid oculomotor behaviors were highly intercorrelated among probands and their biological parents. These findings indicate that rapid oculomotor behaviors are selectively impacted in BAP? probands and their parents and may reflect a familial likelihood for autism independent of parental autistic traits. In contrast, sustained sensorimotor behaviors were affected in BAP+ probands and BAP? parents, suggesting separate familial pathways associated with autism. Finally, atypical saccade dynamics may serve as strong endophenotypes for autism. These findings provide new evidence that rapid and sustained sensorimotor alterations represent strong but separate familial pathways of inherited likelihood for autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70000 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=550

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