Early adolescent alcohol use in context: How neighborhoods, parents, and peers impact youth / Elisa M. TRUCCO in Development and Psychopathology, 26-2 (May 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 26-2 (May 2014) . - p.425-436 Titre : Early adolescent alcohol use in context: How neighborhoods, parents, and peers impact youth Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elisa M. TRUCCO, Auteur ; Craig R. COLDER, Auteur ; William F. WIECZOREK, Auteur ; Liliana J. LENGUA, Auteur ; Larry W. HAWK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.425-436 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developmental–ecological models are useful for integrating risk factors across multiple contexts and conceptualizing mediational pathways for adolescent alcohol use, yet these comprehensive models are rarely tested. This study used a developmental–ecological framework to investigate the influence of neighborhood, family, and peer contexts on alcohol use in early adolescence (N = 387). Results from a multi-informant longitudinal cross-lagged mediation path model suggested that high levels of neighborhood disadvantage were associated with high levels of alcohol use 2 years later via an indirect pathway that included exposure to delinquent peers and adolescent delinquency. Results also indicated that adolescent involvement with delinquent peers and alcohol use led to decrements in parenting, rather than being consequences of poor parenting. Overall, the study supported hypothesized relationships among key microsystems thought to influence adolescent alcohol use, and thus findings underscore the utility of developmental–ecological models of alcohol use. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579414000042 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=230 [article] Early adolescent alcohol use in context: How neighborhoods, parents, and peers impact youth [texte imprimé] / Elisa M. TRUCCO, Auteur ; Craig R. COLDER, Auteur ; William F. WIECZOREK, Auteur ; Liliana J. LENGUA, Auteur ; Larry W. HAWK, Auteur . - p.425-436. in Development and Psychopathology > 26-2 (May 2014) . - p.425-436 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developmental–ecological models are useful for integrating risk factors across multiple contexts and conceptualizing mediational pathways for adolescent alcohol use, yet these comprehensive models are rarely tested. This study used a developmental–ecological framework to investigate the influence of neighborhood, family, and peer contexts on alcohol use in early adolescence (N = 387). Results from a multi-informant longitudinal cross-lagged mediation path model suggested that high levels of neighborhood disadvantage were associated with high levels of alcohol use 2 years later via an indirect pathway that included exposure to delinquent peers and adolescent delinquency. Results also indicated that adolescent involvement with delinquent peers and alcohol use led to decrements in parenting, rather than being consequences of poor parenting. Overall, the study supported hypothesized relationships among key microsystems thought to influence adolescent alcohol use, and thus findings underscore the utility of developmental–ecological models of alcohol use. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579414000042 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=230

How do stimulant treatments for ADHD work? Evidence for mediation by improved cognition / Larry W. HAWK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-12 (December 2018) . - p.1271-1281 Titre : How do stimulant treatments for ADHD work? Evidence for mediation by improved cognition Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Larry W. HAWK, Auteur ; Whitney D. FOSCO, Auteur ; Craig R. COLDER, Auteur ; James G. WAXMONSKY, Auteur ; W.E. PELHAM, Auteur ; Keri S. ROSCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1271-1281 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder  cognition  mediation  methylphenidate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Stimulant medications such as methylphenidate (MPH) are the frontline treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Despite their well-documented efficacy, the mechanisms by which stimulants improve clinical outcomes are not clear. The current study evaluated whether MPH effects on classroom behavior were mediated by improved cognitive functioning. METHODS: Children with ADHD (n = 82; 9-12 years old) participated in a week-long summer research camp, consisting of cognitive testing, classroom periods, and recreational activities. After a baseline day, participants completed a 3-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of MPH (at doses approximating 0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg of immediate-release MPH dosed TID). Cognitive domains included inhibitory control (Stop Signal Task and prepulse inhibition of startle), attention (Continuous Performance Task and reaction time variability), and working memory (forward and backward spatial span). Clinical outcomes included math seatwork productivity and teacher-rated classroom behavior. A within-subjects path-analytic approach was used to test mediation. MPH-placebo and dose-response contrasts were used to evaluate drug effects. RESULTS: Methylphenidate improved seatwork productivity and teacher ratings (ds = 1.4 and 1.1) and all domains of cognition (ds = 0.3-1.1). Inhibitory control (Stop Signal Task, SST) and working memory backward uniquely mediated the effect of MPH (vs. placebo) on productivity. Only working memory backward mediated the impact of MPH on teacher-rated behavior. The dose-response (0.6 vs. 0.3 mg/kg) effects were more modest for clinical outcomes (ds = 0.4 and 0.2) and cognition (ds = 0-0.3); there was no evidence of cognitive mediation of the clinical dose-response effects. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are novel in demonstrating that specific cognitive processes mediate clinical improvement with stimulant treatment for ADHD. They converge with work on ADHD theory, neurobiology, and treatment development in suggesting that inhibitory control and working memory may be mechanisms of stimulant treatment response in ADHD. More work is necessary to evaluate the degree to which these findings generalize to chronic treatment, a broader array of clinical outcomes, and nonstimulant treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12917 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] How do stimulant treatments for ADHD work? Evidence for mediation by improved cognition [texte imprimé] / Larry W. HAWK, Auteur ; Whitney D. FOSCO, Auteur ; Craig R. COLDER, Auteur ; James G. WAXMONSKY, Auteur ; W.E. PELHAM, Auteur ; Keri S. ROSCH, Auteur . - p.1271-1281. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-12 (December 2018) . - p.1271-1281 Mots-clés : Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder  cognition  mediation  methylphenidate Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Stimulant medications such as methylphenidate (MPH) are the frontline treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Despite their well-documented efficacy, the mechanisms by which stimulants improve clinical outcomes are not clear. The current study evaluated whether MPH effects on classroom behavior were mediated by improved cognitive functioning. METHODS: Children with ADHD (n = 82; 9-12 years old) participated in a week-long summer research camp, consisting of cognitive testing, classroom periods, and recreational activities. After a baseline day, participants completed a 3-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of MPH (at doses approximating 0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg of immediate-release MPH dosed TID). Cognitive domains included inhibitory control (Stop Signal Task and prepulse inhibition of startle), attention (Continuous Performance Task and reaction time variability), and working memory (forward and backward spatial span). Clinical outcomes included math seatwork productivity and teacher-rated classroom behavior. A within-subjects path-analytic approach was used to test mediation. MPH-placebo and dose-response contrasts were used to evaluate drug effects. RESULTS: Methylphenidate improved seatwork productivity and teacher ratings (ds = 1.4 and 1.1) and all domains of cognition (ds = 0.3-1.1). Inhibitory control (Stop Signal Task, SST) and working memory backward uniquely mediated the effect of MPH (vs. placebo) on productivity. Only working memory backward mediated the impact of MPH on teacher-rated behavior. The dose-response (0.6 vs. 0.3 mg/kg) effects were more modest for clinical outcomes (ds = 0.4 and 0.2) and cognition (ds = 0-0.3); there was no evidence of cognitive mediation of the clinical dose-response effects. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are novel in demonstrating that specific cognitive processes mediate clinical improvement with stimulant treatment for ADHD. They converge with work on ADHD theory, neurobiology, and treatment development in suggesting that inhibitory control and working memory may be mechanisms of stimulant treatment response in ADHD. More work is necessary to evaluate the degree to which these findings generalize to chronic treatment, a broader array of clinical outcomes, and nonstimulant treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12917 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371

Testing alternative cascades from internalizing and externalizing symptoms to adolescent alcohol use and alcohol use disorder through co-occurring symptoms and peer delinquency / Matthew D. SCALCO in Development and Psychopathology, 33-1 (February 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.29-46 Titre : Testing alternative cascades from internalizing and externalizing symptoms to adolescent alcohol use and alcohol use disorder through co-occurring symptoms and peer delinquency Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Matthew D. SCALCO, Auteur ; Craig R. COLDER, Auteur ; Jennifer P. READ, Auteur ; Liliana J. LENGUA, Auteur ; William F. WIECZOREK, Auteur ; Larry W. HAWK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.29-46 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescent alcohol use  alcohol use disorder  co-occurring internalizing and externalizing symptoms  peer delinquency Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Given the equivocal literature on the relationship between internalizing symptoms and early adolescent alcohol use (AU) and AU disorder (AUD), the present study took a developmental perspective to understand how internalizing and externalizing symptoms may operate together in the etiology of AU and AUD. We pit the delayed onset and rapid escalation hypothesis (Hussong et al., 2011) against a synthesis of the dual failure model and the stable co-occurring hypothesis (Capaldi, 1992; Colder et al., 2013, 2018) to test competing developmental pathways to adolescent AU and AUD involving problem behavior, peer delinquency, and early initiation of AU. A latent transactional and mediational framework was used to test pathways to AUD spanning developmental periods before AU initiation (Mage = 11) to early and high risk for AUD (Mage = 14-15 and Mage = 17-18). The results supported three pathways to AUD. The first started with "pure" externalizing symptoms in early childhood and involved multiple mediators, including the subsequent development of co-occurring symptoms and peer delinquency. The second pathway involved stable co-occurring symptoms. Interestingly, chronically elevated pure internalizing symptoms did not figure prominently in pathways to AUD. Selection and socialization effects between early AU and peer delinquency constituted a third pathway. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001512 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 [article] Testing alternative cascades from internalizing and externalizing symptoms to adolescent alcohol use and alcohol use disorder through co-occurring symptoms and peer delinquency [texte imprimé] / Matthew D. SCALCO, Auteur ; Craig R. COLDER, Auteur ; Jennifer P. READ, Auteur ; Liliana J. LENGUA, Auteur ; William F. WIECZOREK, Auteur ; Larry W. HAWK, Auteur . - p.29-46. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.29-46 Mots-clés : adolescent alcohol use  alcohol use disorder  co-occurring internalizing and externalizing symptoms  peer delinquency Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Given the equivocal literature on the relationship between internalizing symptoms and early adolescent alcohol use (AU) and AU disorder (AUD), the present study took a developmental perspective to understand how internalizing and externalizing symptoms may operate together in the etiology of AU and AUD. We pit the delayed onset and rapid escalation hypothesis (Hussong et al., 2011) against a synthesis of the dual failure model and the stable co-occurring hypothesis (Capaldi, 1992; Colder et al., 2013, 2018) to test competing developmental pathways to adolescent AU and AUD involving problem behavior, peer delinquency, and early initiation of AU. A latent transactional and mediational framework was used to test pathways to AUD spanning developmental periods before AU initiation (Mage = 11) to early and high risk for AUD (Mage = 14-15 and Mage = 17-18). The results supported three pathways to AUD. The first started with "pure" externalizing symptoms in early childhood and involved multiple mediators, including the subsequent development of co-occurring symptoms and peer delinquency. The second pathway involved stable co-occurring symptoms. Interestingly, chronically elevated pure internalizing symptoms did not figure prominently in pathways to AUD. Selection and socialization effects between early AU and peer delinquency constituted a third pathway. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001512 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442

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