Autistic Adults Show Intact Learning on a Visuospatial Serial Reaction Time Task / Isaac N. TREVES in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-4 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-4 (April 2024) . - p.1549-1557 Titre : Autistic Adults Show Intact Learning on a Visuospatial Serial Reaction Time Task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Isaac N. TREVES, Auteur ; Jonathan CANNON, Auteur ; Eren SHIN, Auteur ; Cindy E. LI, Auteur ; Lindsay BUNGERT, Auteur ; Amanda O?BRIEN, Auteur ; Annie CARDINAUX, Auteur ; Pawan SINHA, Auteur ; John D. E. GABRIELI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1549-1557 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Some theories have proposed that autistic individuals have difficulty learning predictive relationships. We tested this hypothesis using a serial reaction time task in which participants learned to predict the locations of a repeating sequence of target locations. We conducted a large-sample online study with 61 autistic and 71 neurotypical adults. The autistic group had slower overall reaction times, but demonstrated sequence-specific learning equivalent to the neurotypical group, consistent with other findings of typical procedural memory in autism. The neurotypical group, however, made significantly more prediction-related errors early in the experiment when the stimuli changed from repeated sequences to random locations, suggesting certain limited behavioural differences in the learning or utilization of predictive relationships for autistic adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-05894-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526 [article] Autistic Adults Show Intact Learning on a Visuospatial Serial Reaction Time Task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Isaac N. TREVES, Auteur ; Jonathan CANNON, Auteur ; Eren SHIN, Auteur ; Cindy E. LI, Auteur ; Lindsay BUNGERT, Auteur ; Amanda O?BRIEN, Auteur ; Annie CARDINAUX, Auteur ; Pawan SINHA, Auteur ; John D. E. GABRIELI, Auteur . - p.1549-1557. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-4 (April 2024) . - p.1549-1557 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Some theories have proposed that autistic individuals have difficulty learning predictive relationships. We tested this hypothesis using a serial reaction time task in which participants learned to predict the locations of a repeating sequence of target locations. We conducted a large-sample online study with 61 autistic and 71 neurotypical adults. The autistic group had slower overall reaction times, but demonstrated sequence-specific learning equivalent to the neurotypical group, consistent with other findings of typical procedural memory in autism. The neurotypical group, however, made significantly more prediction-related errors early in the experiment when the stimuli changed from repeated sequences to random locations, suggesting certain limited behavioural differences in the learning or utilization of predictive relationships for autistic adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-05894-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526

Prediction in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence / Jonathan CANNON in Autism Research, 14-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-4 (April 2021) . - p.604-630 Titre : Prediction in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jonathan CANNON, Auteur ; Amanda M. O'BRIEN, Auteur ; Lindsay BUNGERT, Auteur ; Pawan SINHA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.604-630 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  brain  learning  perception  prediction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : According to a recent influential proposal, several phenotypic features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be accounted for by differences in predictive skills between individuals with ASD and neurotypical individuals. In this systematic review, we describe results from 47 studies that have empirically tested this hypothesis. We assess the results based on two observable aspects of prediction: learning a pairing between an antecedent and a consequence and responding to an antecedent in a predictive manner. Taken together, these studies suggest distinct differences in both predictive learning and predictive response. Studies documenting differences in learning predictive pairings indicate challenges in detecting such relationships especially when predictive features of an antecedent have low salience or consistency, and studies showing differences in habituation and perceptual adaptation suggest low-level predictive processing differences in ASD. These challenges may account for the observed differences in the influence of predictive priors, in spontaneous predictive movement or gaze, and in social prediction. An important goal for future research will be to better define and constrain the broad domain-general hypothesis by testing multiple types of prediction within the same individuals. Additional promising avenues include studying prediction within naturalistic contexts and assessing the effect of prediction-based intervention on supporting functional outcomes for individuals with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Researchers have suggested that many features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be explained by differences in the prediction skills of people with ASD. We review results from 47 studies. These studies suggest that ASD may be associated with differences in the learning of predictive pairings (e.g., learning cause and effect) and in low-level predictive processing in the brain (e.g., processing repeated sounds). These findings lay the groundwork for research that can improve our understanding of ASD and inform interventions. Autism Res 2021, 14: 604-630. © 2021 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2482 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Prediction in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jonathan CANNON, Auteur ; Amanda M. O'BRIEN, Auteur ; Lindsay BUNGERT, Auteur ; Pawan SINHA, Auteur . - p.604-630. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-4 (April 2021) . - p.604-630 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  brain  learning  perception  prediction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : According to a recent influential proposal, several phenotypic features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be accounted for by differences in predictive skills between individuals with ASD and neurotypical individuals. In this systematic review, we describe results from 47 studies that have empirically tested this hypothesis. We assess the results based on two observable aspects of prediction: learning a pairing between an antecedent and a consequence and responding to an antecedent in a predictive manner. Taken together, these studies suggest distinct differences in both predictive learning and predictive response. Studies documenting differences in learning predictive pairings indicate challenges in detecting such relationships especially when predictive features of an antecedent have low salience or consistency, and studies showing differences in habituation and perceptual adaptation suggest low-level predictive processing differences in ASD. These challenges may account for the observed differences in the influence of predictive priors, in spontaneous predictive movement or gaze, and in social prediction. An important goal for future research will be to better define and constrain the broad domain-general hypothesis by testing multiple types of prediction within the same individuals. Additional promising avenues include studying prediction within naturalistic contexts and assessing the effect of prediction-based intervention on supporting functional outcomes for individuals with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Researchers have suggested that many features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be explained by differences in the prediction skills of people with ASD. We review results from 47 studies. These studies suggest that ASD may be associated with differences in the learning of predictive pairings (e.g., learning cause and effect) and in low-level predictive processing in the brain (e.g., processing repeated sounds). These findings lay the groundwork for research that can improve our understanding of ASD and inform interventions. Autism Res 2021, 14: 604-630. © 2021 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2482 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Rhythmic and interval-based temporal orienting in autism / Jonathan CANNON in Autism Research, 16-4 (April 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-4 (April 2023) . - p.772-782 Titre : Rhythmic and interval-based temporal orienting in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jonathan CANNON, Auteur ; Emelie ELDRACHER, Auteur ; Annie CARDINAUX, Auteur ; Fatima IRFAN, Auteur ; Lindsay BUNGERT, Auteur ; Cindy LI, Auteur ; Amanda O'BRIEN, Auteur ; Isaac TREVES, Auteur ; Sidney DIAMOND, Auteur ; Pawan SINHA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.772-782 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may show secondary sensory and cognitive characteristics, including differences in auditory processing, attention, and, according to a prominent hypothesis, the formulation and utilization of predictions. We explored the overlap of audition, attention, and prediction with an online auditory ''temporal orienting'' task in which participants utilized predictive timing cues (both rhythmic and interval-based) to improve their detection of faint sounds. We compared an autistic (n =?78) with a nonautistic (n =?83) group, controlling for nonverbal IQ, and used signal detection measures and reaction times to evaluate the effect of valid temporally predictive cues. We hypothesized that temporal orienting would be compromised in autism, but this was not supported by the data: the boost in performance induced by predictability was practically identical for the two groups, except for the small subset of the ASD group with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, who received less benefit from interval-based cueing. However, we found that the presence of a rhythm induced a significantly stronger bias toward reporting target detections in the ASD group at large, suggesting weakened response inhibition during rhythmic entrainment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2892 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Rhythmic and interval-based temporal orienting in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jonathan CANNON, Auteur ; Emelie ELDRACHER, Auteur ; Annie CARDINAUX, Auteur ; Fatima IRFAN, Auteur ; Lindsay BUNGERT, Auteur ; Cindy LI, Auteur ; Amanda O'BRIEN, Auteur ; Isaac TREVES, Auteur ; Sidney DIAMOND, Auteur ; Pawan SINHA, Auteur . - p.772-782. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-4 (April 2023) . - p.772-782 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may show secondary sensory and cognitive characteristics, including differences in auditory processing, attention, and, according to a prominent hypothesis, the formulation and utilization of predictions. We explored the overlap of audition, attention, and prediction with an online auditory ''temporal orienting'' task in which participants utilized predictive timing cues (both rhythmic and interval-based) to improve their detection of faint sounds. We compared an autistic (n =?78) with a nonautistic (n =?83) group, controlling for nonverbal IQ, and used signal detection measures and reaction times to evaluate the effect of valid temporally predictive cues. We hypothesized that temporal orienting would be compromised in autism, but this was not supported by the data: the boost in performance induced by predictability was practically identical for the two groups, except for the small subset of the ASD group with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, who received less benefit from interval-based cueing. However, we found that the presence of a rhythm induced a significantly stronger bias toward reporting target detections in the ASD group at large, suggesting weakened response inhibition during rhythmic entrainment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2892 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

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