High-Functioning Autism and Asperger’s Disorder: Utility and Meaning for Families / Luisa RUIZ CALZADA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-2 (February 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-2 (February 2012) . - p.230-243 Titre : High-Functioning Autism and Asperger’s Disorder: Utility and Meaning for Families Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luisa RUIZ CALZADA, Auteur ; Nancy PISTRANG, Auteur ; William P.L. MANDY, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.230-243 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic disorder  Asperger’s disorder  Utility  Qualitative research  Framework analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We used framework analysis to investigate the utility of pervasive developmental disorder diagnoses, interviewing young people (aged 9–16 years) with high-functioning autistic disorder (AD) and Asperger’s disorder (AsD), and their parents. Twenty two participants from ten families described both gains and costs resulting from diagnosis. Perceived advantages of AD and AsD diagnosis were increased understanding and practical support, and parental empowerment. Disadvantages included the effects of stigma and concerns about validity. Participants tended to consider AsD and AD as interchangeable terms. Findings suggest that the utility of AD and AsD depends upon both their validity and how these diagnoses are received in their cultural, economic and legislative context. Improvement of post-diagnostic services will improve the utility of AD and AsD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1238-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=151 [article] High-Functioning Autism and Asperger’s Disorder: Utility and Meaning for Families [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luisa RUIZ CALZADA, Auteur ; Nancy PISTRANG, Auteur ; William P.L. MANDY, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.230-243. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-2 (February 2012) . - p.230-243 Mots-clés : Autistic disorder  Asperger’s disorder  Utility  Qualitative research  Framework analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We used framework analysis to investigate the utility of pervasive developmental disorder diagnoses, interviewing young people (aged 9–16 years) with high-functioning autistic disorder (AD) and Asperger’s disorder (AsD), and their parents. Twenty two participants from ten families described both gains and costs resulting from diagnosis. Perceived advantages of AD and AsD diagnosis were increased understanding and practical support, and parental empowerment. Disadvantages included the effects of stigma and concerns about validity. Participants tended to consider AsD and AD as interchangeable terms. Findings suggest that the utility of AD and AsD depends upon both their validity and how these diagnoses are received in their cultural, economic and legislative context. Improvement of post-diagnostic services will improve the utility of AD and AsD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1238-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=151

Research Review: What is the association between the social-communication element of autism and repetitive interests, behaviours and activities? / William P.L. MANDY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-8 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-8 (August 2008) . - p.795 - 808 Titre : Research Review: What is the association between the social-communication element of autism and repetitive interests, behaviours and activities? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : William P.L. MANDY, Auteur ; David H. SKUSE, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.795 - 808 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is currently conceptualised as a unitary disorder, in which social-communication impairments are found alongside repetitive interests, behaviours and activities (RIBAs). This relies upon the validity of the assumption that social-communication impairments and RIBAs co-occur at an above chance level as a result of sharing underlying causes. In the current review it is argued that the evidence for this assumption is scarce: the very great majority of RIBA research has not been intended for or suited to its examination. In fact only three studies are fit to address directly the question of the relationship between social-communication impairment and RIBAs, and these contradict each other. In consequence, further relevant evidence was sought in the behavioural and genetic literature. This approach suggested that the correlation between social-communication impairments and RIBAs has been exaggerated in the current consensus about the autism syndrome, and that these aspects of autism may well share largely independent underlying causes. Some clinical and research implications are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01911.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=541 [article] Research Review: What is the association between the social-communication element of autism and repetitive interests, behaviours and activities? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / William P.L. MANDY, Auteur ; David H. SKUSE, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.795 - 808. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-8 (August 2008) . - p.795 - 808 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is currently conceptualised as a unitary disorder, in which social-communication impairments are found alongside repetitive interests, behaviours and activities (RIBAs). This relies upon the validity of the assumption that social-communication impairments and RIBAs co-occur at an above chance level as a result of sharing underlying causes. In the current review it is argued that the evidence for this assumption is scarce: the very great majority of RIBA research has not been intended for or suited to its examination. In fact only three studies are fit to address directly the question of the relationship between social-communication impairment and RIBAs, and these contradict each other. In consequence, further relevant evidence was sought in the behavioural and genetic literature. This approach suggested that the correlation between social-communication impairments and RIBAs has been exaggerated in the current consensus about the autism syndrome, and that these aspects of autism may well share largely independent underlying causes. Some clinical and research implications are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01911.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=541

Sex Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from a Large Sample of Children and Adolescents / William P.L. MANDY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-7 (July 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-7 (July 2012) . - p.1304-1313 Titre : Sex Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from a Large Sample of Children and Adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : William P.L. MANDY, Auteur ; Rebecca CHILVERS, Auteur ; Uttom CHOWDHURY, Auteur ; Gemma SALTER, Auteur ; Anna SEIGAL, Auteur ; David H. SKUSE, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1304-1313 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Pervasive developmental disorder  Sex differences  High-functioning  Comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sex differences have been found amongst toddlers and young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated the presence and stability of these ASD sex differences throughout childhood and adolescence. Participants (N = 325, 52 females; aged 3–18 years) consecutively received an ASD diagnosis at a clinic for assessing high-functioning ASD (mean verbal IQ = 92.6). There were no IQ sex differences. By parent report and direct observation, females had less repetitive stereotyped behaviour (RSB), with male-equivalent levels of social and communication impairment. Teachers reported males with ASD as having greater externalising and social problems than females. The female phenotype we describe was stable across our sample’s age range. Their milder RSBs and less severe difficulties at school may lead to under-recognition of ASD in females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1356-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=165 [article] Sex Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from a Large Sample of Children and Adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / William P.L. MANDY, Auteur ; Rebecca CHILVERS, Auteur ; Uttom CHOWDHURY, Auteur ; Gemma SALTER, Auteur ; Anna SEIGAL, Auteur ; David H. SKUSE, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1304-1313. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-7 (July 2012) . - p.1304-1313 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Pervasive developmental disorder  Sex differences  High-functioning  Comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sex differences have been found amongst toddlers and young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated the presence and stability of these ASD sex differences throughout childhood and adolescence. Participants (N = 325, 52 females; aged 3–18 years) consecutively received an ASD diagnosis at a clinic for assessing high-functioning ASD (mean verbal IQ = 92.6). There were no IQ sex differences. By parent report and direct observation, females had less repetitive stereotyped behaviour (RSB), with male-equivalent levels of social and communication impairment. Teachers reported males with ASD as having greater externalising and social problems than females. The female phenotype we describe was stable across our sample’s age range. Their milder RSBs and less severe difficulties at school may lead to under-recognition of ASD in females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1356-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=165

Toward specifying pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified / William P.L. MANDY in Autism Research, 4-2 (April 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 4-2 (April 2011) . - p.121-131 Titre : Toward specifying pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : William P.L. MANDY, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Jane GILMOUR, Auteur ; David H. SKUSE, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.121-131 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)  Autistic disorder  Asperger's disorder  autism spectrum disorder  diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) is the most common and least satisfactory of the PDD diagnoses. It is not formally operationalized, which limits its reliability and has hampered attempts to assess its validity. We aimed, first, to improve the reliability and replicability of PDD-NOS by operationalizing its DSM-IV-TR description and, second, to test its validity through comparison with autistic disorder (AD) and Asperger's disorder (AsD). In a sample of 256 young people (mean age = 9.1 years) we used Developmental, Diagnostic and Dimensional (3Di) algorithmic analysis to classify DSM-IV-TR AD (n = 97), AsD (n = 93) and PDD-NOS (n = 66). Groups were compared on independent measures of core PDD symptomatology, associated autistic features, and intelligence. Contrary to the assumption that PDD-NOS is heterogeneous, almost all (97%) of those with PDD-NOS had one distinct symptom pattern, namely impairments in social reciprocity and communication, without significant repetitive and stereotyped behaviors (RSB). Compared to AD and AsD, they had comparably severe but more circumscribed social communication difficulties, with fewer non-social features of autism, such as sensory, feeding and visuo-spatial problems. These individuals appear to have a distinct variant of autism that does not merely sit at the less severe end of the same continuum of symptoms. The current draft guidelines for DSM-V, which mandate the presence of RSBs for any PDD diagnosis, would exclude such people from the autistic spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.178 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121 [article] Toward specifying pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / William P.L. MANDY, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Jane GILMOUR, Auteur ; David H. SKUSE, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.121-131. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 4-2 (April 2011) . - p.121-131 Mots-clés : pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)  Autistic disorder  Asperger's disorder  autism spectrum disorder  diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) is the most common and least satisfactory of the PDD diagnoses. It is not formally operationalized, which limits its reliability and has hampered attempts to assess its validity. We aimed, first, to improve the reliability and replicability of PDD-NOS by operationalizing its DSM-IV-TR description and, second, to test its validity through comparison with autistic disorder (AD) and Asperger's disorder (AsD). In a sample of 256 young people (mean age = 9.1 years) we used Developmental, Diagnostic and Dimensional (3Di) algorithmic analysis to classify DSM-IV-TR AD (n = 97), AsD (n = 93) and PDD-NOS (n = 66). Groups were compared on independent measures of core PDD symptomatology, associated autistic features, and intelligence. Contrary to the assumption that PDD-NOS is heterogeneous, almost all (97%) of those with PDD-NOS had one distinct symptom pattern, namely impairments in social reciprocity and communication, without significant repetitive and stereotyped behaviors (RSB). Compared to AD and AsD, they had comparably severe but more circumscribed social communication difficulties, with fewer non-social features of autism, such as sensory, feeding and visuo-spatial problems. These individuals appear to have a distinct variant of autism that does not merely sit at the less severe end of the same continuum of symptoms. The current draft guidelines for DSM-V, which mandate the presence of RSBs for any PDD diagnosis, would exclude such people from the autistic spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.178 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121

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