Sex Differences in Adult Autism Screening: A Comparison of Current Self-Report and Retrospective Parent-Report Measures / Michael TERNER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 56-8 (August 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 56-8 (August 2026) . - p.3205-3214 Titre : Sex Differences in Adult Autism Screening: A Comparison of Current Self-Report and Retrospective Parent-Report Measures Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Michael TERNER, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3205-3214 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated sex differences in adult autism screening by comparing self-reports on current traits (Autism Spectrum Quotient; AQ) and parent-reports on childhood traits (Relatives Questionnaire; RQ). The aim was to examine the differential contribution of these distinct measures to diagnostic classification in both sexes. The study compared 102 clinically diagnosed autistic adults (30 females) and 152 non-autistic adults (60 females), aged 17–35 years. Participants completed the AQ, while their parents completed the RQ. Multivariate analysis of variance and sex-stratified discriminant analyses were employed to evaluate measurement patterns in males and in females. Significant main effects were found for diagnostic group on both measures and for sex on the RQ only. Group × sex interactions were significant for both measures. Within the autistic group, males and females showed no significant difference in AQ scores, but females scored significantly lower than males on the RQ. Discriminant analyses revealed high classification accuracies for both males (95.1%) and females (96.7%), with different weighting patterns between males (AQ = 0.597 [CI: 0.413–0.720], RQ = 0.712 [CI: 0.553–0.789]) and females (AQ = 0.763 [CI: 0.637–0.898], RQ = 0.478 [CI: 0.191–0.616]). The findings suggest that current self-report may be more central for identifying autism in females, while a more balanced combination of current-self and past-parent reports may be optimal for males. These sex-specific patterns highlight the importance of considering both current self-reported traits and developmental history in adult autism screening, with potential implications for improving diagnostic accuracy across sexes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-025-06753-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=591 [article] Sex Differences in Adult Autism Screening: A Comparison of Current Self-Report and Retrospective Parent-Report Measures [texte imprimé] / Michael TERNER, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur . - p.3205-3214. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 56-8 (August 2026) . - p.3205-3214 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated sex differences in adult autism screening by comparing self-reports on current traits (Autism Spectrum Quotient; AQ) and parent-reports on childhood traits (Relatives Questionnaire; RQ). The aim was to examine the differential contribution of these distinct measures to diagnostic classification in both sexes. The study compared 102 clinically diagnosed autistic adults (30 females) and 152 non-autistic adults (60 females), aged 17–35 years. Participants completed the AQ, while their parents completed the RQ. Multivariate analysis of variance and sex-stratified discriminant analyses were employed to evaluate measurement patterns in males and in females. Significant main effects were found for diagnostic group on both measures and for sex on the RQ only. Group × sex interactions were significant for both measures. Within the autistic group, males and females showed no significant difference in AQ scores, but females scored significantly lower than males on the RQ. Discriminant analyses revealed high classification accuracies for both males (95.1%) and females (96.7%), with different weighting patterns between males (AQ = 0.597 [CI: 0.413–0.720], RQ = 0.712 [CI: 0.553–0.789]) and females (AQ = 0.763 [CI: 0.637–0.898], RQ = 0.478 [CI: 0.191–0.616]). The findings suggest that current self-report may be more central for identifying autism in females, while a more balanced combination of current-self and past-parent reports may be optimal for males. These sex-specific patterns highlight the importance of considering both current self-reported traits and developmental history in adult autism screening, with potential implications for improving diagnostic accuracy across sexes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-025-06753-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=591

Sex differences in autism screening: An examination of the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version / Michael TERNER in Autism, 28-10 (October 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-10 (October 2024) . - p.2562-2571 Titre : Sex differences in autism screening: An examination of the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Michael TERNER, Auteur ; Sandra ISRAEL-YAACOV, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2562-2571 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  diagnosis  screening  school-age children  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition, characterized by altered social communication and repetitive behavior. Typically diagnosed in early childhood, screening and diagnosis at a later age can be challenging, particularly in girls who exhibit a wider range of behaviors and characteristics. This study aimed to examine the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version in a clinically referred Israeli sample, and to identify items that best discriminate between autistic and non-autistic boys and girls. Parents of 211 autistic (retrospectively reviewed) and 192 non-autistic children, aged 4-12 years, completed the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version. Results indicated good discriminatory power, with an area under the curve of 0.93. A cutoff of 9 offered optimal sensitivity of 0.93 and specificity of 0.82. The addition of a more focused sex-specific analysis using items that best discriminated autistic from non-autistic boys and girls significantly improved the overall identification rate of autism, particularly in girls. The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version was positively correlated with the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised but not with Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2. Findings underscore the importance of considering sex differences in autism screening and the potential value of sex-specific screening. Future research should focus on replicating these findings in a larger, diverse, prospective study. Lay abstract Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition, characterized by social communication alterations and restricted, repetitive behaviors. Typically diagnosed in early childhood, screening and diagnosis at a later age can be challenging, particularly in girls who exhibit a wider range of behaviors and characteristics. Our study set out to examine the effectiveness of the Hebrew translation of the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test, a parent report questionnaire, in identifying these diverse characteristics of autism within an Israeli sample of boys and girls. We examined parent reports on 403 (211 autistic, 192 non-autistic) children, aged 4-12 years. Results revealed the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version was a valuable tool in differentiating between autistic and typically developing children, correctly identifying 93% of children with autism and 82% of typically developing children. In addition, specific items of the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version were particularly useful in differentiating between autistic and non-autistic boys and autistic and non-autistic girls. Using these items, in addition to the overall score of the questionnaire, increased the correct identification of children as autistic or typically developing, especially in girls. The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version test results corresponded well with the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, which relies on parental input, but not with the clinician-administered Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2. Our findings highlight the potential benefits of gender-specific tools to better support correct identification of autism in boys and in girls. More research is recommended to further explore these gender differences and to validate our findings with a larger, diverse group. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241235053 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=536 [article] Sex differences in autism screening: An examination of the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version [texte imprimé] / Michael TERNER, Auteur ; Sandra ISRAEL-YAACOV, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur . - p.2562-2571. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-10 (October 2024) . - p.2562-2571 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  diagnosis  screening  school-age children  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition, characterized by altered social communication and repetitive behavior. Typically diagnosed in early childhood, screening and diagnosis at a later age can be challenging, particularly in girls who exhibit a wider range of behaviors and characteristics. This study aimed to examine the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version in a clinically referred Israeli sample, and to identify items that best discriminate between autistic and non-autistic boys and girls. Parents of 211 autistic (retrospectively reviewed) and 192 non-autistic children, aged 4-12 years, completed the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version. Results indicated good discriminatory power, with an area under the curve of 0.93. A cutoff of 9 offered optimal sensitivity of 0.93 and specificity of 0.82. The addition of a more focused sex-specific analysis using items that best discriminated autistic from non-autistic boys and girls significantly improved the overall identification rate of autism, particularly in girls. The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version was positively correlated with the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised but not with Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2. Findings underscore the importance of considering sex differences in autism screening and the potential value of sex-specific screening. Future research should focus on replicating these findings in a larger, diverse, prospective study. Lay abstract Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition, characterized by social communication alterations and restricted, repetitive behaviors. Typically diagnosed in early childhood, screening and diagnosis at a later age can be challenging, particularly in girls who exhibit a wider range of behaviors and characteristics. Our study set out to examine the effectiveness of the Hebrew translation of the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test, a parent report questionnaire, in identifying these diverse characteristics of autism within an Israeli sample of boys and girls. We examined parent reports on 403 (211 autistic, 192 non-autistic) children, aged 4-12 years. Results revealed the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version was a valuable tool in differentiating between autistic and typically developing children, correctly identifying 93% of children with autism and 82% of typically developing children. In addition, specific items of the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version were particularly useful in differentiating between autistic and non-autistic boys and autistic and non-autistic girls. Using these items, in addition to the overall score of the questionnaire, increased the correct identification of children as autistic or typically developing, especially in girls. The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Hebrew version test results corresponded well with the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, which relies on parental input, but not with the clinician-administered Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2. Our findings highlight the potential benefits of gender-specific tools to better support correct identification of autism in boys and in girls. More research is recommended to further explore these gender differences and to validate our findings with a larger, diverse group. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241235053 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=536

The Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Hebrew version: Psychometric properties of a full and a short form, adapted for DSM-5 / Ofer GOLAN in Autism, 27-3 (April 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-3 (April 2023) . - p.796-807 Titre : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Hebrew version: Psychometric properties of a full and a short form, adapted for DSM-5 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ofer GOLAN, Auteur ; Michael TERNER, Auteur ; Sandra ISRAEL-YAACOV, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.796-807 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults,autism spectrum disorders,diagnosis,screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient is a self-report scale, used to assess autistic traits. It was tested cross-culturally, and a short version was created to clinically refer adults for an autism assessment. This study aimed to examine the properties of the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and to create a short version suitable for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Ninety-three clinically diagnosed autistic adults (24 females) aged 18-53, and 147 comparable controls (34 females) completed the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient. Ten clinicians specializing in diagnosing autism in adults classified the Autism-Spectrum Quotient?s items according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria. The Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient showed good internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson 20=0.90). Based on the prevalence of autism among clinically referred adults (70%), receiver operating characteristic analysis yielded area under the curve of 0.94. A cutoff of 21 demonstrated high sensitivity (0.90), specificity (0.76), positive predictive value (0.90), and negative predictive value (0.77). The short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient included five social communication and five restricted, repetitive behavior items, which represented two social communication and two restricted, repetitive behavior criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). It showed good internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson 20=0.86), and receiver operating characteristic analysis yielded area under the curve of 0.95. An optimal clinical cutoff of five showed high sensitivity (0.90), specificity (0.82), positive predictive value (0.92), and negative predictive value (0.78). The Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and the short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient can be effectively used to help screen for autism in clinically referred adults.Lay AbstractDespite the attempt to diagnose autism at an early age, there are still many individuals who would only get an autism diagnosis in adulthood. For these adults, a questionnaire that could assist in highlighting their need to seek diagnostic assessment is needed. The Autism-Spectrum Quotient is a self-report scale used to assess autistic traits. It was tested cross-culturally, and a short version was recommended to help identify adults who should be referred for an autism assessment. However, its relevance for the up-to-date diagnostic criteria, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), has not been tested. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and to create a short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient, based on items which map on to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria. Ninety-three autistic adults (24 females), aged 18-51, clinically diagnosed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), and 147 comparable controls (34 females) filled out the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient. Ten clinicians who specialize in diagnosing autism in adults classified the Autism-Spectrum Quotient?s items according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria. The short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient comprised items that best differentiated between adults with and without autism, five items representing each of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) diagnostic domains. The overall probability for participants to be correctly classified as autistic or neurotypical was 86% for the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and 88% for the short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient. We conclude that both versions are reliable and sensitive instruments that can help referring adults for autism assessment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221117020 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] The Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Hebrew version: Psychometric properties of a full and a short form, adapted for DSM-5 [texte imprimé] / Ofer GOLAN, Auteur ; Michael TERNER, Auteur ; Sandra ISRAEL-YAACOV, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - p.796-807. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-3 (April 2023) . - p.796-807 Mots-clés : adults,autism spectrum disorders,diagnosis,screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism-Spectrum Quotient is a self-report scale, used to assess autistic traits. It was tested cross-culturally, and a short version was created to clinically refer adults for an autism assessment. This study aimed to examine the properties of the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and to create a short version suitable for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Ninety-three clinically diagnosed autistic adults (24 females) aged 18-53, and 147 comparable controls (34 females) completed the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient. Ten clinicians specializing in diagnosing autism in adults classified the Autism-Spectrum Quotient?s items according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria. The Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient showed good internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson 20=0.90). Based on the prevalence of autism among clinically referred adults (70%), receiver operating characteristic analysis yielded area under the curve of 0.94. A cutoff of 21 demonstrated high sensitivity (0.90), specificity (0.76), positive predictive value (0.90), and negative predictive value (0.77). The short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient included five social communication and five restricted, repetitive behavior items, which represented two social communication and two restricted, repetitive behavior criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). It showed good internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson 20=0.86), and receiver operating characteristic analysis yielded area under the curve of 0.95. An optimal clinical cutoff of five showed high sensitivity (0.90), specificity (0.82), positive predictive value (0.92), and negative predictive value (0.78). The Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and the short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient can be effectively used to help screen for autism in clinically referred adults.Lay AbstractDespite the attempt to diagnose autism at an early age, there are still many individuals who would only get an autism diagnosis in adulthood. For these adults, a questionnaire that could assist in highlighting their need to seek diagnostic assessment is needed. The Autism-Spectrum Quotient is a self-report scale used to assess autistic traits. It was tested cross-culturally, and a short version was recommended to help identify adults who should be referred for an autism assessment. However, its relevance for the up-to-date diagnostic criteria, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), has not been tested. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and to create a short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient, based on items which map on to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria. Ninety-three autistic adults (24 females), aged 18-51, clinically diagnosed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), and 147 comparable controls (34 females) filled out the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient. Ten clinicians who specialize in diagnosing autism in adults classified the Autism-Spectrum Quotient?s items according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria. The short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient comprised items that best differentiated between adults with and without autism, five items representing each of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) diagnostic domains. The overall probability for participants to be correctly classified as autistic or neurotypical was 86% for the Hebrew version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and 88% for the short version of the Hebrew Autism-Spectrum Quotient. We conclude that both versions are reliable and sensitive instruments that can help referring adults for autism assessment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221117020 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

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